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L3.cell organelle
- 1. Cell OrganellesCell Organelles © J Beauchemin 2006© J Beauchemin 2006
- 2. Cell OrganellesCell Organelles OrganelleOrganelle= “little= “little organ”organ” Found only insideFound only inside eukaryotic cellseukaryotic cells All the stuff inAll the stuff in between thebetween the organelles isorganelles is cytosolcytosol Everything in a cellEverything in a cell except the nucleus isexcept the nucleus is cytoplasmcytoplasm
- 3. Cell MembraneCell Membrane Boundary of the cellBoundary of the cell Made of a phosphoMade of a phospholipidlipid bibilayerlayer
- 4. NucleusNucleus Control center of theControl center of the cellcell ContainsContains DNADNA Surrounded by aSurrounded by a double membranedouble membrane Usually the easiestUsually the easiest organelle to see underorganelle to see under a microscopea microscope Usually one per cellUsually one per cell
- 5. CytoskeletonCytoskeleton Acts asActs as skeletonskeleton andand musclemuscle Provides shape andProvides shape and structurestructure Helps moveHelps move organelles around theorganelles around the cellcell Made of three types ofMade of three types of filamentsfilaments
- 6. EndoplasmicEndoplasmic ReticulumReticulum A.k.a. “ER”A.k.a. “ER” Connected to nuclearConnected to nuclear membranemembrane Highway of the cellHighway of the cell Rough ERRough ER: studded: studded with ribosomes; itwith ribosomes; it makes proteinsmakes proteins Smooth ERSmooth ER: no: no ribosomes; it makesribosomes; it makes lipidslipids
- 7. RibosomeRibosome Site of proteinSite of protein synthesissynthesis Found attached toFound attached to rough ER or floatingrough ER or floating free in cytosolfree in cytosol Produced in a part ofProduced in a part of the nucleus called thethe nucleus called the nucleolusnucleolus That looks familiar…what is aThat looks familiar…what is a polypeptidepolypeptide??
- 8. Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus Looks like a stack ofLooks like a stack of platesplates Stores, modifies andStores, modifies and packages proteinspackages proteins Molecules transportedMolecules transported to and from the Golgito and from the Golgi by means ofby means of vesiclesvesicles
- 9. LysosomesLysosomes Garbage disposalGarbage disposal of the cellof the cell Contain digestiveContain digestive enzymes thatenzymes that break downbreak down wasteswastes Which organelles do lysosomes work with?
- 10. MitochondriaMitochondria ““Powerhouse of thePowerhouse of the cell”cell” Cellular respirationCellular respiration occurs here to releaseoccurs here to release energy for the cell toenergy for the cell to useuse Bound by a doubleBound by a double membranemembrane Has its own strand ofHas its own strand of DNADNA
- 11. ChloroplastChloroplast Found only in plantFound only in plant cellscells Contains the greenContains the green pigmentpigment chlorophyllchlorophyll Site of food (Site of food (glucoseglucose)) productionproduction Bound by a doubleBound by a double membranemembrane
- 12. Cell WallCell Wall Found inFound in plantplant andand bacterialbacterial cellscells Rigid, protectiveRigid, protective barrierbarrier LocatedLocated outsideoutside of theof the cell membranecell membrane Made of celluloseMade of cellulose ((fiberfiber))
- 13. VacuolesVacuoles LargeLarge centralcentral vacuolevacuole usually inusually in plantplant cellscells Many smallerMany smaller vacuoles invacuoles in animalanimal cellscells Storage container forStorage container for water, food,water, food, enzymesenzymes,, wastes, pigments, etc.wastes, pigments, etc. What type of microscope may have been used to take this picture?
- 14. CentrioleCentriole Aids in cell divisionAids in cell division Usually found only inUsually found only in animal cellsanimal cells Made of microtubulesMade of microtubules Where else have we talked about microtubules?
- 15. Quick ReviewQuick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell?Which organelle is the control center of the cell? NucleusNucleus Which organelle holds the cell together?Which organelle holds the cell together? Cell membraneCell membrane Which organelles are not found in animal cells?Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplastsCell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts Which organelle helps plant cells make food?Which organelle helps plant cells make food? ChloroplastsChloroplasts What does E.R. stand for?What does E.R. stand for? Endoplasmic reticulumEndoplasmic reticulum
Editor's Notes
- Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org
- You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”
- Emphasize word parts here: phospho= phosphate head; lipid= fatty acid tail bi= 2
- Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.
- Actin, also found in muscle cells, mainly help maintain cell shape in their cytoskeletal role. Microtubules mostly move organelles around the cell. Intermediate filaments also provide structural support.
- It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.
- A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.
- AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.
- Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.
- Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.
- Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.
- This is an actual microscopic image. Explain that the colors are added digitally to enhance the different parts.
- The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.
- Microtubules are also part of the cytoskeleton.
- You may choose to delete the answers from the PowerPoint or change the animation so that they come in after all 5 questions are asked in case you want to quiz students individually at the end.