The power plant is a device that is capable of producing electricity. To produce electricity, there needs to be another energy that will be converted into electrical energy.

1. KNOW THE TYPES OF POWER PLANTS IN THE WORLD
Nothing is missing in Indonesia
The National Electricity Company noted that the number of
power plants in Indonesia reached 5,765 plants spread
throughout Indonesia. The total installed national electricity
capacity reaches 46,103 MW. Of that amount, the total
generating capacity are owned by Government, reaches
34,205 MW, while the capacity of private electricity
generation is 11,898 MW or 25% of national capacity.
The power plant is a device that is capable of producing
electricity. To produce electricity, there needs to be
another energy that will be converted into electrical
energy. Here are 10 types of power plants used in various
countries in the world.

2. 1. Diesel Power Plant
This type of power plant uses diesel fuel as
its fuel. Diesel Power Plant (Indonesian called
PLTD) is not intended to meet large electricity
needs, but is more suitable to meet small
electricity needs. Usually this type of power
plant is used in villages or remote areas.
The diesel engine is the prime mover. When
working, the diesel engine will produce the
mechanical energy needed to drive the
generator rotor. To be efficient, the pressure
and temperature of the air mixed with diesel
must be raised first on the turbo charger
which is driven by exhaust gas, the result of
combustion in the combustion chamber.
The largest Diesel Power Plant in
Indonesia itself is located in the
Pesanggaran area of Bali, which is 50
megawatts (MW)

3. 2. Hydroelectric Power Plant
In Indonesia, this type of power plant is the
main one. Water functions to drive a turbine
connected to a generator. The electrical
energy produced is called hydroelectric.
The advantages of hydro power are large
power capacity and durable equipment up
to 50-100 years after use. In addition, this
type of power plant does not cause pollution
and is free of carbon emissions, very
environmentally friendly.
The largest hydroelectric power plant
(Indonesian called PLTA) in Indonesia
is PLTA Cirata. Located in Cadas Sari
Village, Tegal Waru District,
Purwakarta Regency, West Java, this
plant has an installed capacity of
1,008 Mega Watts (MW)

4. 3. Coal Steam Power Plant
One third of the 90% of electricity in Indonesia is
produced by coal-steam power plants. Even the
government plans that by 2030 the electricity
generated by the coal steam power plant must reach
50% of the total. Although useful, coal is the dirtiest
fuel in the world. This material is the main cause of
greenhouse gases which causes global warming.
The largest coal steam power plant (Indonesian
called PLTU) in Indonesia is "PLTU Suralaya", in
Banten Province with largest capacity of coal steam
power plant in Indonesia which reaches 3,400
megawatts (MW). The power produced is entered
into the Java-Bali electricity system.

5. 4. Geothermal Power Plant
The workings of this type of power plant are
similar to the Steam Power Plant, but hot
steam is produced purely from the bowels
of the earth. Therefore Geothermal Power
Plants are built near the volcano.
Geothermal Power Plant does not need fuel
so the operational costs are smaller than
the Steam Power Plant. The disadvantage
is that the cost of exploration to find the
source of heat and drilling the earth's
stomach costs a very large investment.
The largest Geothermal Power Plant
(Indonesian called PLTP) in Indonesia is the
PLTP Wayang Windu. The Geothermal Power
Plant is located 40 kilometers south of
Bandung. The plant is operated by Star Energy
Geothermal Limited which has two units. The
first unit was built in 1999 and 2009. The first
unit built in its time is the largest geothermal
turbine in the world, with a capacity of 225 MW

6. 5. Gas Power Plant
Gas Power Plant fuel can be either fuel or
natural gas. The way it works begins with
inserting air into the compressor through an
air filter. The goal is that dust and dirt do not
come into the compressor.
The air pressure on the compressor is
increased and then flowed into the
combustion chamber for further combustion
with the fuel. The result of combustion is
pressurized gas and high temperature. The
turbines are sprayed by the gas. Turbines will
convert enthalpy gas into motion energy
which will rotate a generator that produces
electricity
The Java-1 Steam Power Plant
(Indonesian called PLTGU) will be the
power plant with the largest combined
cycle technology in Indonesia. The Java-1
PLTGU is estimated to operate in mid-
2021 and is able to increase electricity
supply to around 1,760 MW into the
national electricity network, or equivalent to
supply to 11 million homes in Indonesia.

7. 6. Wind Power Plant
This type of power plant makes the wind
rotate the turbine. The turbine blade turns
into an electric current with the help of a
generator. As one of the renewable energies,
wind power plants do not cause emissions so
they are environmentally friendly. To make it
do not require land as large as other types of
power plants so it is more economical. But
the cost of making and maintaining a wind
power plant is quite high, because there are
several parts of the turbine that are easily
damaged.
The First Power Plant in Indonesia (Indonesian
called PLTB) is PLTB Sidrap, South Sulawesi
Province. As many as 30 windmills are expected to
produce electricity of 75 Mega Watts (MW) and are
projected to be able to supply electricity to 70,000
customers in the South Sulawesi region with an
average electric power of 900 volts.
This plant uses a Domestic Component Level (TKDN) of around 40 percent and
absorbs around 1150 workers. On an area of 100 hectares, 30 turbines have
been installed which are 80 meters high and 57 meters long propellers.

8. 7. Solar Power Plant
As an alternative energy, sunlight can be
used as a power plant. The advantage of
course is that the sunlight is environmentally
friendly and is unlimited for how many times
is it used The maintenance costs are small
compared to other types of power plants.
However, the construction costs are very
large
The main component of Solar Power Plant
(Indonesian called PLTS) is foltovotaik cells
which play a role in capturing hot sunlight.
The sunlight that is caught serves to heat up
the liquid which will turn into steam. The
steam that will be converted by the generator
into electrical energy.
OOne of the PLTS in NTT is located in
Bajaneke Hamlet, Oelpuah Village,
Kupang, NTT. With a capacity of 5 MW,
the plant owned by the National Electronic
Institute (LEN) helps National Electricity
Company (PLN) overcome the deficit in
the Timor system, where rotating blackouts
during the day can be overcome since the
end of December 2016, the start of the
operation of the PLTS.

9. 8. Ocean Current Power Plant
Indonesia will be the first country in the world to
have a ocean current power plant. The government
through the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources (ESDM) will build a marine current
power plant (Indonesian Called PLTAL) in the
Larantuka Strait, East Nusa Tenggara.
This is the first and largest ocean current power
plant in the world even though the electricity
generated reaches 20 MW The PLTAL development will be carried
out by the Tidal Bridge Indonesia
consortium consisting of two Dutch
companies namely Tidal Bridge BV and
PJB. Both will work with local partners
in Indonesia.

10. 9. Waste Power Plant
It turns out that garbage can also be used to
produce electricity. Waste is sorted first.
Waste that can still be recycled is separated.
New waste is put into the incinerator furnace
to burn incinerator furnaces to be burned.
Combustion is carried out at temperatures
above 1300 Celsius Degree. No need to
worry about the smoke from combustion
because it has been set to be in accordance
with the safe limits of exhaust emissions. The
remaining ash from combustion can be used
as building materials such as concrete
blocks.
The garbage power plant in Bantargebang
is the result of the collaboration between
the Bekasi city government and the DKI
Jakarta government. The Waste Power
Plant (Indonesian Called PLTSa) is also
supported by PT Pertamina and PT
Godang Tua Jaya. The 120 Mega Watt
power plant also includes the name Solena
Fuels

11. 10. Nuclear Power Plant
Nuclear power plants need a nucleating
reaction of uranium material in a nuclear
reactor to produce heat. The heat produces
steam which is supplied to the turbine to drive
the generator.
This type of power plant is very
environmentally friendly because it does not
release nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide and
carbon dioxide particles when combustion
occurs.
Even though it is still in the "research needs"
stage, and has not yet been commercialized,
Indonesia has two nuclear power plants. One
plant is in BATAN (National Nuclear Energy
Agency) in Bandung with power reaching 60 MW
and in Serpong with a power of 2 MW.

12. ANDRY YUNIADI
Sales, Marketing and Business
Development Professional, Geology
Lover, Traveler.
January 1, 2019