The document summarizes key characteristics of the animal kingdom including 9 major phyla: porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, arthropoda, echinodermata, and chordata. It provides details on selected phyla, including sponges (porifera) which are asymmetrical filter feeders, jellyfish and coral (cnidaria) which have stinging cells and radial symmetry, and vertebrates (chordata) which have a notochord, nerve cord, gill slits and tail.

1. Kingdom Animalia
Characteristics
• Heterotrophs
• Eukaryotic
• Multicellular
• No cell wall, no chloroplasts
• Motile
• Sense Organs

2. 9 phyla we will mention
• Porifera—sponges
• Cnidaria—jellyfish, sea anemones, coral
• Platyhelminthes—flatworms
• Nematoda—roundworms
• Annelida—earthworms
• Mollusca—shelled animals
• Arthropoda—insects, spiders
• Echinodermata—spiny-skinned
• Chordata—vertebrates (and others)

3. Phylum Porifera
(sponges)
• Asymmetrical
• Pores—filter feeders
• Not motile (sessile)
• Provide habitat for
other animals
• Eaten by starfish and
some fish
• Most primitive animal

4. Phylum Cnidaria
(jellyfish, sea anemones, coral)
• Digestive cavity called a
coelenteron
• Radial symmetry
• Predators-feed on
crustaceans
• Corals provide important
habitat for fish
• Coral used for decoration
and threatened by
pollution
• All have stinging cells

5. Phylum Platyhelminthes
(planarians, tapeworms, flukes)
• Bilateral symmetry
• Cephalization- head and
brain
• Acoelomate- no body
cavity
• Incomplete digestive
system (one opening)
• Some are parasites in
digestive tract
• In early 1900’s models
ate them to be thin—
YUK!

6. Phylum Nematoda
(roundworms)
• Also called nematodes
• Complete digestive
system-separate mouth
and anus (2 openings)
• Pseudocoelomate
• Decomposers, predators
(bacteria, inverts)
• Eaten by insects, mice
• Beneficial to garden by
eating insects

7. Phylum Annelida
(segmented worms)
• i.e. earthworms, leeches
• True coelom
• Sensitive to vibrations on
ground-rain
• Prey for robins, shrews,
jays, snakes
• Leeches have cornified
knobs to break skin,
anticoagulant and
anesthetic

8. Phylum Mollusca
(shelled…sometimes)
• i.e. snails, slugs,
clams, mussels,
scallops, oysters,
octopus and squid
• Variety in form
• Giant squid = sea
serpent
• Introduction of garden
snails

9. Phylum Arthropoda
(jointed legged animals)
• i.e. insects, spiders and
scorpions, shellfish
(crustaceans), centipedes
(1 pr legs per segment),
millipedes (2 pr)
• Exoskeleton
• Metamorphosis
• Pheromones
• Molting

10. Phylum Echinodermata
(spiny-skinned)
• i.e. sea stars =
starfish,
sea urchins
• Water vascular
system
• Tube feet
• Important predators

11. Phylum Chordata
(includes the vertebrates)
• i.e. fish, sharks,
amphibians, reptiles,
birds, mammals
• Notochord, nerve
cord, gill slits, tail