Keshav kumar panwar ecology ppt
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This document defines and describes different types of radiation. It discusses that radiation can be either natural background radiation or man-made radiation sources. It defines ionizing radiation as high energy waves or particles that can remove electrons from atoms, and non-ionizing radiation as lower energy waves that excite but do not remove electrons. Examples of biological effects of radiation exposure are given for different organs like the skin, mucous membranes, and reproductive organs. The principles of reducing radiation exposure through time, distance, and shielding are outlined.
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The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of electromagnetic wave has a different wavelength and frequency, with radio waves having the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies, and gamma rays having the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. Examples are given for how each type of electromagnetic wave is used, such as radios using radio waves, cell towers transmitting microwaves, heat lamps emitting infrared waves, stars emitting visible light, black lights using ultraviolet waves, X-rays being used to see broken bones, and neutron stars emitting gamma rays.
Razele x tradus
The document summarizes the discovery and properties of X-rays. It discusses how X-rays were accidentally discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen during an experiment with vacuum tubes. It describes that X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with penetration power proportional to wavelength. The document also distinguishes between soft and hard X-rays based on photon energy and discusses some common medical and security uses of X-rays today.
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This document summarizes different types of radiation sources and their effects. It discusses natural sources like cosmic rays and radioactive elements within the body, as well as man-made medical sources like X-rays. It also covers the units used to measure radiation, the biological effects of both ionizing radiation like X-rays and gamma rays, as well as non-ionizing radiation. Finally, it provides information on radiation protection standards and the biological response and potential health effects from different levels of radiation exposure.
X-Ray Presentation SMK SMAK Bogor 2014/2015
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are electromagnetic waves with short wavelengths between 10-12 to 10-8 meters that can penetrate materials. They are produced when high velocity electrons collide with a metal target in an x-ray tube, emitting x-rays. Common medical uses of x-rays include computed tomography (CT) scans, which produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body by combining multiple x-ray images taken around its rotation. Other applications include astronomy, construction, and measuring bone density.
Infrared rays
Description about Infrared Rays ,discovery of infrared rays ,process of discovery of infrared rays ,history of infrared rays ,today's usage of infrared rays ,properties of infrared rays ,the electromagnetic spectrum ,about infrared radiations ,futre usage of infrared rays/radiations ,dagerous about infrared rays ,protection from infrared rays
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The document summarizes an experiment investigating the photoacoustic effect. The experiment tested whether different wavelengths of visible light produce sound when hitting a photovoltaic cell connected to a speaker. As hypothesized, all wavelengths produced sound but ultraviolet light produced the loudest sound, having the highest energy. The conclusion was that higher energy light produces greater decibel levels of sound through the photoacoustic effect.
Radiation history
The document provides an overview of the history of radiation, including key discoveries and events. It describes Wilhelm Roentgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, Henri Becquerel's accidental discovery of radioactivity in uranium in 1896, and Marie and Pierre Curie's isolation of the radioactive elements polonium and radium in 1898. It also discusses the radium dial painters who suffered health impacts from radium exposure in the early 20th century. Finally, it outlines the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, considered the worst nuclear power plant accident, which occurred at a reactor in Ukraine and spread radioactive debris over parts of Europe.
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Emily p
The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of electromagnetic wave has a different wavelength and frequency, with radio waves having the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies, and gamma rays having the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. Examples are given for how each type of electromagnetic wave is used, such as radios using radio waves, cell towers transmitting microwaves, heat lamps emitting infrared waves, stars emitting visible light, black lights using ultraviolet waves, X-rays being used to see broken bones, and neutron stars emitting gamma rays.
Razele x tradus
The document summarizes the discovery and properties of X-rays. It discusses how X-rays were accidentally discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen during an experiment with vacuum tubes. It describes that X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with penetration power proportional to wavelength. The document also distinguishes between soft and hard X-rays based on photon energy and discusses some common medical and security uses of X-rays today.
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i just to try explain about radiant energy its history and further more its working and applications
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X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are electromagnetic waves with short wavelengths between 10-12 to 10-8 meters that can penetrate materials. They are produced when high velocity electrons collide with a metal target in an x-ray tube, emitting x-rays. Common medical uses of x-rays include computed tomography (CT) scans, which produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body by combining multiple x-ray images taken around its rotation. Other applications include astronomy, construction, and measuring bone density.
Infrared rays
Description about Infrared Rays ,discovery of infrared rays ,process of discovery of infrared rays ,history of infrared rays ,today's usage of infrared rays ,properties of infrared rays ,the electromagnetic spectrum ,about infrared radiations ,futre usage of infrared rays/radiations ,dagerous about infrared rays ,protection from infrared rays
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The document summarizes an experiment investigating the photoacoustic effect. The experiment tested whether different wavelengths of visible light produce sound when hitting a photovoltaic cell connected to a speaker. As hypothesized, all wavelengths produced sound but ultraviolet light produced the loudest sound, having the highest energy. The conclusion was that higher energy light produces greater decibel levels of sound through the photoacoustic effect.
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The document provides an overview of the history of radiation, including key discoveries and events. It describes Wilhelm Roentgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, Henri Becquerel's accidental discovery of radioactivity in uranium in 1896, and Marie and Pierre Curie's isolation of the radioactive elements polonium and radium in 1898. It also discusses the radium dial painters who suffered health impacts from radium exposure in the early 20th century. Finally, it outlines the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, considered the worst nuclear power plant accident, which occurred at a reactor in Ukraine and spread radioactive debris over parts of Europe.
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The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum and the different types of electromagnetic waves. It explains that the electromagnetic spectrum includes waves with different wavelengths and energies, from radio waves to gamma rays. Each type of wave interacts with matter in a unique way. The document then provides details on specific parts of the spectrum, including infrared rays, which are used in thermal imaging; X-rays, which can penetrate soft tissues; ultraviolet rays, which cause tanning and are used for watermarking; microwaves, which are used in radar and microwave ovens; and radio waves, which are used for broadcasting radio, television, and magnetic resonance imaging.
1lab xray and xray tube
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Roentgen. They are generated when electrons are bombarded onto a metal anode target inside an x-ray tube, producing electromagnetic radiation with characteristic wavelengths depending on the metal. The x-ray tube converts electrical energy into x-ray photons and heat, and the output can be controlled by adjusting voltage and current. X-rays can pass through, scatter from, or be absorbed by the body, and are used in medical imaging due to being quick, painless, and able to diagnose diseases and injuries.
X-Rays
X-rays are high frequency electromagnetic waves that can pass through soft tissue but are blocked by bone, allowing doctors to see inside the human body using X-ray machines. While X-rays are useful for medical imaging, the radiation can potentially cause cell damage or cancer if exposure is prolonged. However, the low doses used in medical X-rays present minimal risk to patients.
Gamma rays
Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation emitted from radioactive decay. They are high energy photons produced when the nucleus of an atom transitions from a high energy state to a lower energy state. Gamma rays were discovered in 1900 by Paul Villard and named by Ernest Rutherford in 1903. Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include naturally occurring radioactive isotopes and interactions between cosmic rays and the atmosphere. Gamma rays can also be produced by astronomical processes involving high energy electrons. They typically have frequencies above 10 exahertz and energies above 100 keV.
Gamma rays
Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that are produced by radioactive decay and other high-energy processes. They have higher energy than X-rays and are ionizing radiation. Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include naturally occurring radioactive elements and interactions between cosmic rays and the atmosphere. Gamma rays are also produced by astronomical processes involving high-energy electrons. They have frequencies above 10 exahertz and energies above 100 keV.
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Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen was a German physicist who discovered x-rays in 1895. He was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for his discovery. Röentgen discovered x-rays accidentally while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. He noticed a fluorescent glow coming from a nearby screen and realized some new type of radiation was causing this. When he placed his wife's hand on photographic plates and exposed them to this radiation, the outline of bones in her hand appeared on the developed plate. This led him to name this new type of radiation "x-rays".
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The document discusses different types of radiation including ionizing radiation from nuclear power plants and weapons and non-ionizing radiation from light and microwaves. It notes common sources of radiation in everyday life such as television, airport security screening, smoke detectors, and watches. It describes health effects of radiation exposure like cancer, cataracts, and birth abnormalities. The document includes images depicting effects of high radiation exposure, such as cancer and genetic disorders. It recommends reducing use of electronics and limiting medical imaging to reduce radiation exposure.
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An Introduction to Atomic Physics which gives an overall view of atomic physics along with its different aspects. I had done this in my 12th Grade.
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Ionising radiation is radiation that has sufficient energy to cause ionisation by removing electrons from atoms. It includes alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, X-rays, protons and neutrons. Ionising radiation can come from natural sources like radon gas or cosmic rays, or artificial sources like medical X-rays. Different types of ionising radiation penetrate tissue to different degrees and can be absorbed through the skin, inhaled or ingested, posing greater or lesser health risks depending on the dose and radiation type.
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Gamma rays are the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation, with very short wavelengths. They are produced during radioactive decay when the nucleus emits high-energy photons to rid itself of excess energy. Paul Villard discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted from radium. Gamma rays cause damage at the cellular level and can induce cancer or genetic damage from low levels of exposure or acute tissue damage at high levels.
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X-RAYS
X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate materials opaque to visible light. They are produced through interactions between subatomic particles and have wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet light. X-rays are used in medicine to image bones and soft tissues in the body through techniques like radiography and computed tomography. They have also found wide applications in industry for inspecting materials and in security screening. Prolonged exposure to x-rays can be harmful, so precautions are taken when working with or receiving x-rays. Wilhelm Roentgen accidentally discovered x-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes.
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Radioactive pollution poses risks to human health and the environment. Sources of radiation include natural sources like cosmic rays and radioactive materials in the Earth's crust, as well as man-made sources from nuclear power generation, medical technology, mining, and nuclear weapons testing and fallout. Exposure to radiation can cause both acute and long-term health effects depending on dose, radiation type, and exposure duration, ranging from radiation sickness to cancer and genetic mutations. Proper disposal and containment of nuclear waste, along with safety regulations and monitoring, are needed to reduce risks from radioactive pollution.
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Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen discovered x-rays in November 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation in the range of 10nm to 0.01nm. X-rays are classified as either soft x-rays, with photon energies below 10 Kev, or hard x-rays, with photon energies above 10 Kev. X-rays have no mass, travel at the speed of light, and can be absorbed or scattered by human tissue, potentially causing chemical or biological damage.
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Electromagnetic radiation consists of different types of waves including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, UV rays, and x-rays. Radio waves are generated by transmitters and received by receivers using antennas. They are used for television, radio, mobile communication, and wireless networks. Microwaves are used to heat and cook food as well as for disinfecting and beauty treatments. UV rays are present in sunlight and are used to kill bacteria, create fluorescent effects, and for phototherapy and tanning. X-rays were discovered in 1895 and are used in medical imaging, security screening, and industrial applications due to their ability to pass through or be absorbed by different materials.
Radiation
Radiation comes in many forms, both natural and man-made. While some types like ionizing radiation can be harmful if exposed in high doses over long periods, radiation is also all around us in everyday life from sources like wifi, microwaves, visible light, and more. The document discusses the different types of radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, x-rays, and their varying abilities to penetrate materials. Overall, radiation is a natural phenomenon and in moderation the risks are quite low compared to other common causes of death.
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There are three main sources of natural radiation: cosmic radiation from outer space, terrestrial radiation from the ground and building materials, and internal radiation from radioactive elements within the human body. Cosmic radiation consists of particles and gamma rays from the sun and beyond. Terrestrial radiation comes from elements like uranium and thorium in the Earth. Internal radiation originates from radioactive isotopes ingested or inhaled over a lifetime.
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Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing and comes from natural and man-made sources. Ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, and x-rays can damage biological tissues by ionizing atoms. Exposure to high doses can cause acute effects while long-term low doses are linked to increased cancer risks. Radiation protection methods aim to reduce exposure time near sources and increase distance and shielding between people and radiation. Exposure is monitored using personal dosimeters and survey meters to track doses and identify sources.
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The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum and the different types of electromagnetic waves. It explains that the electromagnetic spectrum includes waves with different wavelengths and energies, from radio waves to gamma rays. Each type of wave interacts with matter in a unique way. The document then provides details on specific parts of the spectrum, including infrared rays, which are used in thermal imaging; X-rays, which can penetrate soft tissues; ultraviolet rays, which cause tanning and are used for watermarking; microwaves, which are used in radar and microwave ovens; and radio waves, which are used for broadcasting radio, television, and magnetic resonance imaging.
1lab xray and xray tube
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Roentgen. They are generated when electrons are bombarded onto a metal anode target inside an x-ray tube, producing electromagnetic radiation with characteristic wavelengths depending on the metal. The x-ray tube converts electrical energy into x-ray photons and heat, and the output can be controlled by adjusting voltage and current. X-rays can pass through, scatter from, or be absorbed by the body, and are used in medical imaging due to being quick, painless, and able to diagnose diseases and injuries.
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X-rays are high frequency electromagnetic waves that can pass through soft tissue but are blocked by bone, allowing doctors to see inside the human body using X-ray machines. While X-rays are useful for medical imaging, the radiation can potentially cause cell damage or cancer if exposure is prolonged. However, the low doses used in medical X-rays present minimal risk to patients.
Gamma rays
Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation emitted from radioactive decay. They are high energy photons produced when the nucleus of an atom transitions from a high energy state to a lower energy state. Gamma rays were discovered in 1900 by Paul Villard and named by Ernest Rutherford in 1903. Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include naturally occurring radioactive isotopes and interactions between cosmic rays and the atmosphere. Gamma rays can also be produced by astronomical processes involving high energy electrons. They typically have frequencies above 10 exahertz and energies above 100 keV.
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Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that are produced by radioactive decay and other high-energy processes. They have higher energy than X-rays and are ionizing radiation. Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include naturally occurring radioactive elements and interactions between cosmic rays and the atmosphere. Gamma rays are also produced by astronomical processes involving high-energy electrons. They have frequencies above 10 exahertz and energies above 100 keV.
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Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen was a German physicist who discovered x-rays in 1895. He was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for his discovery. Röentgen discovered x-rays accidentally while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. He noticed a fluorescent glow coming from a nearby screen and realized some new type of radiation was causing this. When he placed his wife's hand on photographic plates and exposed them to this radiation, the outline of bones in her hand appeared on the developed plate. This led him to name this new type of radiation "x-rays".
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The document discusses different types of radiation including ionizing radiation from nuclear power plants and weapons and non-ionizing radiation from light and microwaves. It notes common sources of radiation in everyday life such as television, airport security screening, smoke detectors, and watches. It describes health effects of radiation exposure like cancer, cataracts, and birth abnormalities. The document includes images depicting effects of high radiation exposure, such as cancer and genetic disorders. It recommends reducing use of electronics and limiting medical imaging to reduce radiation exposure.
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Ionising radiation is radiation that has sufficient energy to cause ionisation by removing electrons from atoms. It includes alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, X-rays, protons and neutrons. Ionising radiation can come from natural sources like radon gas or cosmic rays, or artificial sources like medical X-rays. Different types of ionising radiation penetrate tissue to different degrees and can be absorbed through the skin, inhaled or ingested, posing greater or lesser health risks depending on the dose and radiation type.
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Gamma rays are the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation, with very short wavelengths. They are produced during radioactive decay when the nucleus emits high-energy photons to rid itself of excess energy. Paul Villard discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted from radium. Gamma rays cause damage at the cellular level and can induce cancer or genetic damage from low levels of exposure or acute tissue damage at high levels.
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X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate materials opaque to visible light. They are produced through interactions between subatomic particles and have wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet light. X-rays are used in medicine to image bones and soft tissues in the body through techniques like radiography and computed tomography. They have also found wide applications in industry for inspecting materials and in security screening. Prolonged exposure to x-rays can be harmful, so precautions are taken when working with or receiving x-rays. Wilhelm Roentgen accidentally discovered x-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes.
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Radioactive pollution poses risks to human health and the environment. Sources of radiation include natural sources like cosmic rays and radioactive materials in the Earth's crust, as well as man-made sources from nuclear power generation, medical technology, mining, and nuclear weapons testing and fallout. Exposure to radiation can cause both acute and long-term health effects depending on dose, radiation type, and exposure duration, ranging from radiation sickness to cancer and genetic mutations. Proper disposal and containment of nuclear waste, along with safety regulations and monitoring, are needed to reduce risks from radioactive pollution.
Optical phenomena
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The document discusses various ways that harnessing light can benefit society. It can be used for laser cutting, tissue growth through biosensors and scaffolding, and cell communication through light signals. Developing nanobots and nanodevices could help detect malicious cells early. Harnessing light also enables printing electronic circuits more cheaply. Key challenges are developing materials that don't absorb radiation and improving solar cells to provide half the world's energy by 2100. Meeting computing and communication needs worldwide through light-based technologies could also benefit humanity if UV and gamma rays are applied safely.
Exploring laser systems - Zewail city
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This presentation is about the concept of generating laser beams and its practical applications
- The main part of the presentation was to explain Dr.Ahmed Zewail's achievements in the femtochemistry field which lead him to win the nobel prize in chemistry in 1999.
x-rays
Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen discovered x-rays in November 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation in the range of 10nm to 0.01nm. X-rays are classified as either soft x-rays, with photon energies below 10 Kev, or hard x-rays, with photon energies above 10 Kev. X-rays have no mass, travel at the speed of light, and can be absorbed or scattered by human tissue, potentially causing chemical or biological damage.
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Chemistry ppt on magnetic radiation and youngs experiment
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Please click on the download button to download and Save/Print the presentation in PDF format so that you can review it at your own pace
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A Passing score of 70% or more is required to successfully get credit for this course
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The pyramidal system consists of two main tracts - the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract. These tracts originate from the cerebral cortex and carry motor signals to the spinal cord and brainstem. Nerve fibers in these tracts terminate on motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, controlling voluntary muscle movements and influencing reflexes. Damage to the pyramidal tracts can result in symptoms like spasticity and abnormal reflexes due to disruption of signals controlling motor functions.
Electro-Encephalography.pptx
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method to record the electrical activity of the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp. It is a non-invasive procedure that measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current within neurons. EEG can be used to diagnose conditions like brain tumors, head injuries, encephalopathy, encephalitis, strokes, and sleep disorders by analyzing the amplitude and frequency of brain waves. While EEG provides good temporal resolution and is portable with lower costs than other methods, it also has disadvantages like high noise, low spatial resolution, and distortion from the skull.
Paracelsus.pptx
Keshav Kumar Panwar is the name of the student. He is in Group 9 according to the document. The document provides the name and group of the student Keshav Kumar Panwar.
Types of bleeding ppt
There are three main types of bleeding: arterial, venous, and capillary. Arterial bleeding is the most severe as blood spurts from damaged arteries in time with heartbeats. Venous bleeding is also serious as veins carry a high blood volume, though blood flows consistently rather than spurting. Capillary bleeding is the least serious as blood trickles from capillaries before stopping. First aid treatments involve applying direct pressure with dressings or bandages to control bleeding from arteries, veins, or capillaries.
Syphilis by swami
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It is transmitted through direct contact with syphilis sores during sex, from mother to fetus, or rarely through blood transfusion. Syphilis has four stages - primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary. The primary stage involves a painless sore called a chancre, while the secondary stage has diffuse symptoms like rash and fever. Without treatment, later stages can involve serious complications in multiple organ systems. Syphilis is diagnosed through clinical examination, dark-field microscopy of sores, and serological blood tests. Treatment involves antibiotics like penicillin or doxycycline.
Sexual Transmitted Disease
The document discusses sexual transmitted diseases (STDs), including how they are spread, common symptoms, and types. There are three main types of STDs - bacterial, parasitic, and viral. Bacterial STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, which can often be cured with antibiotics. Parasitic STDs consist of pubic lice, scabies, and trichomoniasis. Viral STDs contain HPV, hepatitis, herpes, and HIV/AIDS, which have no cure. Abstinence is the only 100% effective way to prevent STDs, but proper condom use can help reduce risk. Getting regularly tested and seeing a doctor if any symptoms
Sanitary regime in different department in hospital
Sanitary regimes in hospital departments aim to prevent infection through cleaning, disinfection, and hygiene practices. The admission department conducts initial patient exams and showers. The emergency department samples blood and fluids for analysis and provides hygienic showers. The surgical department isolates infectious patients, conducts cleaning between patients, and maintains sterile conditions through practices like centralized water and ventilation. Strict adherence to sanitary standards prevents hospital-acquired infections.
Buffer solutions. Blood buffer systems and their mechanisms of action. Sahil...
Buffer solutions. Blood buffer systems and
their mechanisms of action.
[Group 10]
1st Year 2nd Semester
Kursk State Medical university
Presentation biology
Homeostasis it’s mechanisms in ontogenesis
[Group 9]
1st Year 2nd Semester
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Lymphatic system by kk
Tissue fluid containing waste and nutrients leaks from blood capillaries into tissues. The lymph system collects this fluid, called lymph, through lymph capillaries. Lymph is transported through lymph vessels to lymph nodes where it is filtered before returning to the bloodstream. The lymph system helps return fluid to the bloodstream, transports fat and nutrients, and fights infections by circulating white blood cells and filtering lymph in lymph nodes.
Life sefty ppt
Meteorological disasters are caused by extreme weather such as rain, snow, heat or cold, ice, or wind. Major meteorological disasters that can occur in India include cyclones, thunderstorms, typhoons, and tornadoes. Cyclone Amphan in 2020 was one of the worst to hit the region in over a decade, killing over 80 people and causing $13 billion in damage. The National Disaster Management Authority is responsible for disaster prevention, preparedness, and coordination between state authorities.
Kk post operative care
This document outlines post-operative care for patients. It discusses the phases of care in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), including phase I where intensive nursing care is needed to monitor for complications, and phase II where patients require less observation. The document also describes the nursing management of post-op patients, which involves closely monitoring vitals, maintaining intravenous fluids and intake/output, relieving pain and anxiety, and providing patient education before discharge. The overall goal of post-operative care is to enable a safe and fast recovery for patients.
Kk arterial pressure ppt
Arterial pressure is the force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels and chambers of the heart. It results from the pressure exerted by blood in the large arteries and depends on cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. Arterial pressure fluctuates with each heartbeat according to the pumping of the heart and is influenced by factors like cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, blood volume, blood viscosity, and elasticity of vessel walls. Blood pressure readings have two values - systolic pressure occurring during heart contraction and diastolic pressure during heart relaxation.
Keshav kumar panwar group no. 9 1st year 2 sem lithium (2)
Lithium is a naturally occurring alkali metal present in trace amounts in the human body. It is used as a mood stabilizer to treat bipolar disorder and prevent manic-depressive episodes. While lithium has antidepressant effects, high concentrations can damage the nervous system, kidneys, and endocrine system by causing issues like hypothyroidism. Research on lithium's mechanism of action has yielded inconsistent results, but it may work by influencing neurotransmitter levels and second messenger systems in the brain.
Jyoti chemistry calcium ppt
Calcium is essential for many bodily functions. It makes up 1-1.5 kg of the total body weight, with 99% located in bones and teeth. Calcium deficiencies can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Calcium ions are also needed for blood clotting, enzyme activation, nerve signal transmission, muscle contraction including the heart, and hormone secretion. Calcium channel blockers used to treat conditions like angina and arrhythmias work by blocking calcium ion channels in cardiac and smooth muscle as well as heart conduction pathways. Calcium supplements may be used to treat osteoporosis, rickets, hypoparathyroidism, and tetany caused by low calcium levels.
Heart failure by swami
This document defines heart failure as the inability of the heart to pump adequately to meet metabolic demands or leave 40% of blood in its chambers. It discusses the epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of heart failure. Key points are that heart failure prevalence is increasing with age globally, common causes include hypertension and heart attacks, and treatments involve medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes while managing complications risks.
General condition
General condition refers to the overall wellness of a patient, ranging from satisfactory to grave. Conditions classified as grave include heart disease, diabetes, stroke, dementia, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis. Middle grave refers to a mild version of grave, while satisfactory means the patient shows no signs of illness, trauma or dysfunction.
Gastrointestinal bleeding by kk
This document discusses gastrointestinal bleeding, including defining acute upper and lower GI bleeding, assessing the severity of bleeding, determining the location of bleeding, differential diagnoses, and management approaches. It provides details on the signs and symptoms of upper and lower GI bleeding, common causes, and first aid measures. The management of GI bleeding involves assessing the patient's hemodynamic status, localizing the bleeding source, checking blood work, addressing risk factors, and stopping active bleeding while preventing recurrence.
Discovery of antibiotics
This document summarizes the discovery of antibiotics. It states that antibiotics were discovered starting in the early 20th century, with Alexander Fleming discovering penicillin in 1928 after observing that mold killed bacteria. It was not until the 1940s that Howard Florey and Ernst Chain were able to produce penicillin in quantity and demonstrate its effectiveness in treating bacterial infections in animals. The widespread clinical use of antibiotics then revolutionized medicine in the 20th century by making many infectious diseases no longer a major cause of death.
Choking in adult and child
Choking in adult and child
By KK and joel [Group 9]
1st Year 2nd Semester
Kursk State Medical university
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- 2. Radiation is an energy in the form of electro-magnetic waves or particulate matter, traveling in the air.”
- 4. Sources of radiation can be divided into two categories: Natural Background Radiation Man-Made Radiation
- 5. NATURAL BACKGROUND RADIATION Cosmic Radiation Terrestrial Radiation Internal Radiation
- 6. MAN-MADE RADIATION SOURCES Examples of man-made sources of radiation to members of the public: Lantern mantles Medical diagnosis Building materials Nuclear power plants Coal power plants Tobacco Phosphate fertilizers T V sets Radium watches
- 7. RADIATION Ionizing Radiation Higher energy electromagnetic waves (gamma) or heavy particles (beta and alpha). High enough energy to pull electron from orbit. Non-ionizing Radiation Lower energy electromagnetic waves. Not enough energy to pull electron from orbit, but can excite the electron.
- 9. Definition: “ They are electromagnetic waves incapable of producing ions while passing through matter, due to their lower energy.” Sources • Ultraviolet light • Visible light • Infrared radiation • Microwaves • Radio & TV • Power transmission
- 11. IONIZING RADIATION Definition “ It is a type of radiation that is able to disrupt atoms and molecules on which they pass through, giving rise to ions and free radicals”. Sources – x-rays, radioactive material produce alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, cosmic rays from the sun and space.
- 12. RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL Either natural or created in nuclear reactor or accelerator Radioactive material is unstable and emits energy in order to return to a more stable state (particles or gamma-rays) Half-life – time for radioactive material to decay by one-half
- 14. ORGAN SPECIFIC Skin Erythema – desquamation (reversible) Hair loss Mucous Membranes Fibrin Plaquing Urinary and Bladder cancer Visceral Changes (secretory) Reproductive Organs Irreversible damage to gametes Sterility Bone Suppress osteoblast activity Decrease number of osteocytes
- 16. Time Reduce the spent near the source of radiation. Distance Increase the distance from the source of radiation. Shielding Place shielding material between you and the source of radiation. REDUCING EXPOSURE