Meteorological disasters by-KK Khushi Dev Keshav Swami

1. Meteorological
disasters
Presentation By- Keshav Kumar
Khushi Dev
Keshav Swami

2. Meteorological disasters are caused by extreme weather,
e.g. rain, snow, extreme heat or cold, ice, or wind.
Violent, sudden and destructive to the environment
related to, produced by, or affecting the earth's
atmosphere , specially the weather-forming processes.
What are meteorological disasters

3. Cyclones can be the most intense storms on Earth. A
cyclone is a system of winds rotating counter- clockwise
in the Northern Hemisphere around a low pressure
center. The revolving air rises and creating clouds and
precipitation.
Cyclones

4. Thunderstorm
 Thunderstorm, a violent short-lived weather
disturbance that is almost always associated with
lightning, thunder, dense clouds, heavy rain, and
strong winds. Thunderstorms arise when layers of
warm, moist air rise in a large, swift updraft to
cooler regions of the atmosphere.

5. Typhoon
 Typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that
develops between 180° and 100°E in the
Northern Hemisphere. This region is
referred to as the North western Basin, and
is the most active tropical cyclone basin on
Earth

6. Tornado
 A mobile, destructive vortex of violently
rotating winds having the appearance of a
funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath
a large storm system.

7.  A Severe Thunderstorm Watch can be issued by the
National Weather Service station
 This type of storm has winds of at least 58 mph or
hail at least ¾ inch in diameter
 A SevereThunderstormWarning is issued
when a severe thunderstorm has actually
been observed

8.  Tornadoes are measured based on their wind
speeds and by using the Enhanced Fujita
Scale
EF 0
EF 1
EF 2
EF 3
EF 4
EF 5
65 to 85 MPH
86 to 110 MPH
111 to 135 MPH
136 to 165 MPH
166 to 200 MPH
Over 200 MPH

12.  TornadoWatch: weather conditions are
likely for tornadoes to form in our area
 TornadoWarning:A tornado has been
sighted in our area

13. Meteorological disasters in India
 1. The 1970 Bhola cyclone
 The Bhola cyclone is one of the deadliest natural disasters ever recorded. The
storm formed over the Bay of Bengal in November 1970 and made landfall on
the coast of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) before continuing on to West
Bengal.
 2. The 1991 Bangladesh cyclone
Another deadly cyclone that formed over the Bay of Bengal was the 1991
Bangladesh cyclone. By the time it reached land in Bangladesh and eastern
India, winds of up to 155 mph were recorded, making it one of the most powerful
on record. The cyclone caused a deadly storm surge that was 20ft high. It swept
over the coastline, claiming the lives of at least 138,866 people. In the fallout of the
storm, various countries carried out one of the largest military relief efforts on
record, Operation Sea Angel.

14. The 1999 Odisha cyclone
 This storm was the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in
the North Indian Ocean. It was also one of the most destructive in
the region. At the peak of the storm, winds of up to 160 mph were
recorded, as well as a record-low pressure.
 As well as hitting the state of Odisha in India, Thailand, Myanmar,
and Bangladesh also all felt the impact. Nearly 10,000 people
died, and it caused around $4.44 billion worth of damage.

15. Cyclones during the pandemic
 As the world tries to tackle the coronavirus, the seasons
and all they bring continue to impact us. This has been
evident over the last couple of months, as cyclones have
already started touching down on the coast of India.
 Since the middle of May this year, we’ve seen Super
Cyclonic Storm Amphan strike the Ganges Delta and,
Severe Cyclonic Storm Nisarga hit the Indian state of
Maharashtra. Both of these cyclones had severe effects on
areas of the country.

16. Cyclone Amphan
 This storm is one of the worst to hit the region since 2007,
and the first ‘super’ storm since the 1999 Odisha cyclone
(mentioned above). The storm killed at least 72 people in
West Bengal and a further 12 in Bangladesh.
 The storm reached land on May 20 near the city of Kolkata,
leaving 14 million people without power and chaos in its
wake. It’s estimated that cyclone Amphan caused over $13
billion of damage, as winds reached up to 160 mph.

17. Cyclone Nisarga
 On the opposite side of the country, cyclone Nisarga
formed over the Arabian Sea at the beginning of June. As it
began to gather strength, experts feared that the storm
could strike the city of Mumbai. Typically, tropical cyclones
form less frequently over the Arabian Sea and usually head
west towards Oman.
 At the time, Mumbai was the city in India that was worst hit
by the coronavirus. In early June, there were over 40,000
confirmed cases. It’s also the most populous city in the
country, home to more than 20 million people. Thankfully,
the eye of the storm narrowly missed Mumbai.

19. National Disaster Management
Authority
 National Disaster Management Authority, abbreviated as NDMA, is an apex
Body of Government of India, with a mandate to lay down policies for disaster
management. The phrase disaster management is to be understood as a
continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinating and
implementing measures, which are necessary or expedient for prevention of
danger or threat of any disaster mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or
severity of its consequences, capacity building, preparedness to deal with any
disaster, prompt response, assessing the severity or magnitude of effects of any
disaster, evacuation, rescue, relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction'. NDMA was
established through the Disaster Management Act enacted by the Government of
India on 23 December 2005. NDMA is responsible for framing policies, laying
down guidelines and best-practices for coordinating with the State Disaster
Management Authorities (SDMAs) to ensure a holistic and distributed approach
to disaster management.

20. RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION AFTER
DISASTER
 Disaster recovery. Disaster recovery has three distinct but interrelated
meanings. First, it is a goal that involves the restoration of normal community
activities that were disrupted by disaster impacts – in most people’s minds,
exactly as they were before the disaster struck. Second, it is a phase in the
emergency management cycle that begins with stabilization of the disaster
conditions (the end of the emergency response phase) and ends when the
community has returned to its normal routines. Third, it is a process by which
the community achieves the goal of returning to normal routines. The
recovery process involves both activities that were planned before disaster
impact and those that were improvised after disaster impact.

21. Disaster impacts
 Disaster impacts. These are the physical and social disturbances that a hazard
agent inflicts when it strikes a community. Physical impacts comprise
casualties (deaths, injuries, and illnesses) and damage to agriculture,
structures, infrastructure, and the natural environment. Social impacts
comprise psychological impacts, demographic impacts, economic impacts,
and political impacts. Incident stabilization. This is the point in time at which
the immediate threats to human safety and property resulting from the
physical impacts of the hazard agents have been resolved and the community
as a whole can focus on disaster recovery.

22. Disaster prevention
 Disaster prevention is the outright avoidance of adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters prevention (i.e. disaster prevention)
expresses the concept and intention to completely avoid potential
adverse impacts through action taken in advance. Examples include
dams or embankments that eliminate flood risks, land-use
regulations that do not permit any settlement in high risk zones, and
seismic engineering designs that ensure the survival and function of
a critical building in any likely earthquake. Very often the complete
avoidance of losses is not feasible and the task transforms to that of
mitigation. Partly for this reason, the terms prevention and mitigation
are sometimes used interchangeably in casual use.