Sustainable agricultural development ensures safe and high-quality agricultural products in a way that Safeguards the health and welfare of farmed species, Protects and improves the natural environment, etc. ICT can play a critical role in various aspects of sustainable agricultural development such as Farmer's welfare, climatic change, application of fertilizers and pesticides etc.

1. Information technology for sustainable
agricultural development: A review
Presented by : Kawita Bhatt

2. CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
DISCUSSIONS
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
In spite of urbanization India still have two third population living in
rural areas with agriculture as source of livelihood.
Therefore if agriculture goes wrong:
 Employment ??
 GDP?? ( and thus increasing poverty).
 Innovative technologies and research are being developed to
ensure sustainable agriculture and productivity using modern
irrigation systems, improved varieties, improved soil quality,
etc.

4. The review paper has analyzed
the researches conducted in
various developing countries
on how ICT has enabled the
population to solve the
already rooted problem
( i.e. hunger and poverty ) as
well as harnessing the
resources sustainably.

5. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
 To review existing literature on crucial role of ICT in
combating present day problems faced by farmer’s
community while sustaining the dwindling natural
resources hence leading to sustainable agricultural
development.
 this study seeks to examine peer reviewed studies that
comprises of descriptive, conceptual and empirical
studies.

6. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Sustainable development??
Sustainable development is ‘development that meets the need
of present without compromising the ability of the future
generation to meet their own needs’ (Burndtland,1987)
Is development concerned with economic growth ?
A basic perspective equates development with economic
growth. It includes not only economic growth, although that is
crucial, but also human development – providing for health,
nutrition, education, and a clean environment (Globalization,
2013; Singh, 2006)

7. Sustainable
agricultural
development ensures
safe and high quality
agricultural products
in a way that :
Safeguards the
health and
welfare of
farmed species
Farmer’s
employees and
local
communities
social and
economic
conditions of
farmers,
Protects and
improves
natural
environment

8. Improvement of
agricultural sector is
done by increasing
1.Cropping
Intensity.
3.productivity
2.The area of
cultivation

9. Farmers
welfare
Food
consumerism
markets
Application
of fertilisers
and
pesticides
Climatic
change
Role of ICT in
various aspects of
sustainable
agricultural
development

10. 1.ICT for welfare of farmers
1.1 Economic
When the rural farmers lack access to knowledge and information that
would help them achieve maximum agricultural yield and rural
development, they are not only grope in the dark but are driven to the
urban centers in search of formal employment, as the only option for
survival (Munyua, 2000).

11. (Lievens, 2007). Arunachalam
(2002) says the convergence
between ICTs and other media is
also exciting and promising and our
relationship with the local
community is not of the “donor-
recipient” type but one of
“partnership in progress”.

12. 1.2 Physiological health
All people need to be fed and should also live peacefully in a
healthy environment with clean air, potable water and
modern energy, surrounded by a vital nature. (Sanchez,
2010).
But conditions are critical in developing countries where soil
infertility and land degradation are key causes of hunger and
malnutrition, affecting more than 260 million people (Sanchez,
2010).

13. Chib (2010) says that ICTs have the potential to help developing
countries achieve not only the ultimate goal of improving maternal and
infant healthcare but can also contribute to sustainable social change.
Proceeding with valid and tested conceptual frameworks can aid greatly
in the design and evaluation of such programs, as well as can increase the
chances of meeting broader development goals
(Yungzhang et al., 2016)With easy access to information, knowledge and
experts support through ICT-based information dissemination services,
farmers are able to improve their income and economic situation through
better practice, for example in dealing with nature disasters, pests, trading,
marketing, and with raised awareness of government support and favorable
policies.

14. Results of study conducted in Puducherry (Mary, E. CHRISTY LEEMA ROSE. , Aram, I., 2016. )

16. 2. ICT for climate change
The 2008 Human Development Report has identified five major “transmission
mechanisms” through which climate change will affect human development
which are:
1
• Losses in agricultural production and food
security.
2
• Increased water stress and water insecurity.
3
• Rising sea levels and exposure to climate
disasters.
4
• Transforming ecosystems and biodiversity.
5
• Increased human health risks.

17. 2.1Awareness about natural calamities
(Dickerson et al., 2007) ICT systems that are involved in
environment and climate monitoring, data dissemination and early
warning include:
1.Earth
observation
-satellite
systems
2.Radio-
based
meteorolog
ical aid
systems
3.Weather
satellites
4.Terrestrial
and satellite
broadcasting
sound and
television
systems
5.Satellite
and
terrestrial
systems

18. 2.2 meteorological and geographical parameters
Global Observing System (GOS) (ITU, 2008)
created by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
 Primary source of technical information on
the world’s atmosphere.
 The safeguarding of life and property through
the
 Detection
 Forecasting and
 Warning of severe weather

19. 2.3management of manmade disasters
(Upadhyay and Bijalwan 2015) The ICTs have the potential to
strengthen long-term adaptation strategies, decision-making
processes, raising awareness, capacity building and participation,
among other areas.

20. 3.ICT for application of fertilizers and pesticides
(Aubert et al. 2012).
 Observing, measuring and responding to intra field variability in
crops.
 Recognize variations in the fields
 To apply variable rate treatments with a much finer degree of
precision than earlier possible.
 Its emergence represent a paradigm shift in farming practices:
i.e. consideration of the field as a homogeneous entity (selective
treatment)
3.1 Precision agriculture (PA)

21. 3.2 Yara N- sensor
 Detects the status of nitrogen
 Status Biomass of plants by measuring canopy reflectance in parts of
the red and near infrared electromagnetic spectrum (link et al.
2002).

22. 3.3 Soil sensors
(Viscarra Rossel et al., 2010; Zerger et al., 2010). Soil sensors have become
 Smaller
 faster,
 more accurate,
 more energy efficient,
 wireless and
 more intelligent
They can be single hand-held devices or mounted on vehicles for mobile
(Adamchuk et al., 2004) or autonomous operation (Manderson and Hunt,
2013)

23. 4. ICT in food consumerism markets
(FAO, 2011) Market information can be provided through a diverse
set of mediums including mobile phones, Internet, and radio.
Using ICT, especially mobile phones, farmers can:
1. Make more informed decisions on where and when to sell the
farm output,
2. Bypass or bargain with middlemen (empowering their
negotiation prospects),

24. 3.Make better risk mitigation decisions based on localized
weather, be more aware of more demanded products,
scarce agri-inputs, and
4. Availing subsidies.

25. DISCUSSIONS

26. A study conducted in Kenya (Rees et al., 2000) has found
that farmers and other actors emphasized the need for
learning through direct interaction with researchers and
extensionists

27. (Upadhyay and Bijalwan 2015) The sharing of information of adaptation to the
common man is the success for fighting against climate change, yet the question
is remaining same as how to disseminate the techniques and technology to the
last man standing on the row. In this context, Information Communication
Technologies (ICT) is being helpful to disseminate the knowledge of adaptation
for fighting against climate change.

30. Current ICT for Indian Agriculture

31. NSSO(2005)
• 60% of farm households do not asses any information
about new technology.
NSSO(2014)
• 59 % of farm households do not receive either private or
government extension services.
2014
• 40.6% of farm households who received extension
services only 11% came from government physical
machinery i.e. extension agents KVKs and SAU.

32. Sustainable agricultural development depends upon the efficient
use of soil, water, livestock, plant genetics, forest, climate, rainfall
and topology.
Indian agriculture faces:
 Institutional constrain,
 Infrastructural constrain,
 Resource constrain and
 Technological constrain and
 Policy induced limitation.
“Expansion of farm incomes is still the most potent weapon for reducing
poverty” (Planning Commission, 2011).

33. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 Considerable investment in capacity building to enable the farmers attitude and
behaviour change to go through successful transformation
Research and development agencies should focus on developing paradigms of
information support for sustainable resource use.
Effective information communication technologies that can help for sustainable
development already exist which can significantly increase the productivity of
agriculture system.

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