This document discusses reverse parking sensors that use electromagnetic or ultrasonic sensors to alert drivers to nearby obstacles while parking. It describes how the sensors work by transmitting signals and detecting reflected signals to measure distance. The document provides details on components like infrared sensors and LED indicators. It presents the setup of a prototype sensor system and discusses future modifications like using electromagnetic sensors or adding a camera. In conclusion, it notes that parking sensors can help reduce accidents by assisting drivers with cautions while parking or driving in crowded areas.

1. K C Karthik
Automotive Electronics

2. Reverse Parking Sensor

3. Parking sensors
 Parking sensors are proximity sensors for road vehicles
designed to alert the driver to obstacles while parking.
 These systems, which use either electromagnetic or
ultrasonic sensors, are marketed variously by vehicle
manufacturers.
 First it is used in Jaguar Cars in Coventry.

4. Parking sensors
 Rear sensors may be activated when reverse gear is
selected and deactivated as soon as any other gear is
selected
 These systems will measure the distances to nearby
objects via sensors located in the front and/or rear
bumper or visually minimized within adjacent grills or
recesses.

5. List of Equipment
 Power Supply 24V, DC Supply
 Optical Sensor 3 nos.
 LED Red colour, 3 nos.

6. Proximity IR Sensor
 It is used to detect objects and obstacles in front of
sensor.
 Sensor keeps transmitting infrared light and when any
object comes near, it is detected by the sensor by
monitoring the reflected light from the object.
 It can be used in robots for obstacle avoidance & line
follower robot, for automatic doors, for parking aid
devices or for security or contact less tachometer by
measuring rpm of rotation objects like fan blades.

7. Features
 IR transmitter LEDs
 3 pin easy interface connector
 Indicator LED
 Active High on object detection

8. Specifications
 Power Supply : 5V DC Power Consumption: 50mA max
 Detection range 3m
 Operation range varies according to color of the object,
light color has more range.
 Digital output. Active with logic “1”
 Dimensions : 41x27 mm

9. IR Sensor

10. Block diagram

11. Working
 Reverse Parking Sensor System adopts infra-red light
sensors to measure the distance between the car and the
obstacles, and reminds the driver of safe distance
accurately when reversing a car. In this manner we are
alerted when approaching too close to the obstacle.
 All distances mentioned before can vary, depending on
infra-red transmitting and receiving LEDs used and are
mostly affected by the color of the reflecting surface.
Black surfaces slower greatly the device sensitivity.

12. Working
 First sensor will sense the obstacle at 1m and first LED
illuminates, second sensor will sense the obstacle and
1more LED illuminates at about 0.6m along with first LED.
All 3 LEDs will glow when obstacle is at 0.3m. The LEDs
will glow till the obstacle is sensed by the sensors.
 The LEDs are mounted on the Rear view mirror. Along
with light, Buzzer can also be connected to intensify the
caution.

13. Experimental setup

14. Experimental setup

15. Future Modification
 Electromagnetic Sensor:
Electromagnetic parking sensors are often sold as not
requiring any holes to be drilled offering a unique design
that discreetly mounts on the inner side of the bumper.
 A camera surrounded by EM sensor

16. Conclusion
 With rising population it is apparent to determine a rise in
the vehicles. On the subject of cars, it is simple to see an
increase in the number of automobiles.
 As the increase in the vehicles will also increases the no.
of accidents. For safe and ease of driving, new
technologies are embedded into the automobiles.
 Parking sensor will assist the driver with cautions while
driving, which reduces the no. of accidents. Now-a-days
an Electromagnetic sensor will assist driver more
accurately and which is fitted inside the bumper

17. Thank you