The document discusses various chemistry concepts including balancing chemical equations, types of chemical reactions such as thermal decomposition and reversible reactions, and processes involved in manufacturing materials like steel, titanium, aluminum, and electroplating. Examples are provided of how to identify ions and gases through chemical tests. Diagrams illustrate the multi-step industrial processes for producing important substances like sulphuric acid.
I hope You all like it. I hope It is very beneficial for you all. I really thought that you all get enough knowledge from this presentation. This presentation is about materials and their classifications. After you read this presentation you knowledge is not as before.
A quick overview regarding redox reactions for grade 10's. There are no ionic equations here, and no oxidation numbers yet. This will be re-uploaded as soon as the chapter is completed.
Introduction to redox reactions
References
Tindale, Ritchie et al, 2014, Chemistry for CSEC 2nd Edition, Nelson Thornes. p156-159
Electron Transfer in Redox Reactions Todayhttps://www.sewanhakaschools.org
I hope You all like it. I hope It is very beneficial for you all. I really thought that you all get enough knowledge from this presentation. This presentation is about materials and their classifications. After you read this presentation you knowledge is not as before.
A quick overview regarding redox reactions for grade 10's. There are no ionic equations here, and no oxidation numbers yet. This will be re-uploaded as soon as the chapter is completed.
Introduction to redox reactions
References
Tindale, Ritchie et al, 2014, Chemistry for CSEC 2nd Edition, Nelson Thornes. p156-159
Electron Transfer in Redox Reactions Todayhttps://www.sewanhakaschools.org
Class-10-Chapter-01-Science-Chemistry-Chemical Reactions and Equations.pptxSoftcare Solution
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Check out our new PowerPoint presentation on "Chemical Reactions and Equations" | Introduction to Chemical Reactions and Equations by softcare solution. We know these things in our daily life. Let’s them understand some concept about Chemical Reactions and Equations. At the end of this video, you will be able to understand the following points on Chemical Reactions and Equations: *******************************************************************
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contains explanation of redox reaction, differences between oxidation and reduction, related pictures and solved examples along with test your understanding section.
‘Antibiotic Ireland’ Antimicrobial Resistance A Major Cause for ConcernImproper Prescribing or Patient’s Misconceptions, Expectation and Pressure on Dr’s to prescribe ?
'A day in the Life of a College Nurse'.
Nursing in General Practice Journal. issue 3 Volume 11 2018.
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'A day in the Life of a College Nurse'.
Nursing in General Practice Journal. issue 3 Volume 11 2018.
Theresa Lowry-Lehnen explains her role as the College Nurse Practitioner at Institute of Technology, Carlow, Ireland.
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Theresa Lowry-Lehnen
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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Junior cycle science chemistry in action. By Theresa Lowry-Lehnen. Science Teacher.
1. 29/05/13
Junior CycleScienceJunior CycleScience
Chemistry in ActionChemistry in Action
Edited and Reproduced by
Theresa Lowry-Lehnen
RGN, BSc (Hon’s) Specialist Clinical Practitioner (Nursing), Dip Counselling, Dip Adv Psychotherapy, BSc
(Hon’s) Clinical Science, PGCE (QTS) , H. Dip. Ed, MEd, Emotional Intelligence (Level 9) MHS Accredited
2. 29/05/13
Balancing equationsBalancing equations
Consider the following reaction:
Na O
H H
H H
Na
O
H
+ +
This equation doesn’t balance – there are 2 hydrogen
atoms on the left hand side (the “reactants” and 3 on
the right hand side (the “products”)
Sodium + water sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
Na + H2O NaOH + H2
3. 29/05/13
Balancing equationsBalancing equations
We need to balance the equation:
Na
O
H H
H H
Na
O
H
Sodium + water sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
+ +
Na
O
H H
Na
O
H
Now the equation is balanced, and we can write it as:
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
6. 29/05/13
Adding acid to carbonatesAdding acid to carbonates
Carbonates are compounds containing carbon and oxygen. When an acid is
added to a carbonate the carbonate starts to fizz. A gas called
_________ _______ is produced.
Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)2
8. 29/05/13
Flame testsFlame tests
Compounds containing lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and
barium can be recognised by burning the compound and
observing the colours produced:
Lithium
Red
Sodium
Yellow
Potassium
Lilac
Calcium
Brick red
Barium
Green
9. 29/05/13
Metal ionsMetal ions
Metal compounds in a solution contain metal ions. For example,
consider calcium chloride:
Chlorine is in
group 7 so a
chloride ion
will be Cl-
Calcium is in
group 2 and has
two electrons in
its outer shell, so
it will form a Ca2+
ion.
Calcium chloride has the formula CaCl2
10. 29/05/13
Metal ions and precipitatesMetal ions and precipitates
Some metal ions form precipitates, i.e. an insoluble solid that
is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to them. Consider
calcium chloride:
Ca2+
(aq) + OH-
Ca(OH)2 (s)2
11. 29/05/13
Metal ions and precipitatesMetal ions and precipitates
Some metal ions form precipitates, i.e. an insoluble solid that
is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to them. Consider
calcium chloride:
Ca2+
(aq) + OH-
Ca(OH)2 (s)2
Metal ionMetal ion Precipitate formedPrecipitate formed ColourColour
Calcium Ca2+ Calcium hydroxide: Ca2+
(aq) + OH-
(aq) Ca(OH)2 (s) White
Aluminium Al3+
Magnesium Mg2+
Copper(II) Cu2+
Iron(II) Fe2+
Iron(III) Fe3+
12. 29/05/13
Testing for chloride and sulphate ionsTesting for chloride and sulphate ions
Test 1: Chloride ions
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid to the chloride ion
solution followed by a few drops of silver nitrate.
Test 2: Sulphate ions
Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid to the sulphate
ion solution followed by a few drops of barium chloride.
Precipitate formed = silver chloride (white)
Precipitate formed = barium sulphate (white again)
For each test state: 1) The colour of the precipitate
2) What compound it is
13. 29/05/13
Ammonium, nitrate, bromide and iodide ionsAmmonium, nitrate, bromide and iodide ions
Ammonium ions:
Add sodium hydroxide and test the gas using damp litmus
paper – ammonia gas turns damp litmus paper blue.
Nitrate ions:
Add sodium hydroxide followed by aluminium powder and test
using damp litmus paper.
Bromide and iodide ions:
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid followed by a few drops
of silver nitrate solution. A pale yellow precipitate should be
formed for bromide ions and a darker yellow precipitate for
iodide ions.
14. 29/05/13
Thermal decompositionThermal decomposition
A “thermal decomposition” reaction occurs when a compound
breaks down (“decomposition”) through the action of heat.
Practical work:
Perform a thermal decomposition reaction
on each of these compounds and state:
1) The colour changes you observed
2) The reaction that happened
Copper carbonate:
Zinc carbonate:
CuCO3 (s) CuO(s) + CO2 (g) (Green – Black)
ZnCO3 (s) ZnO(s) + CO2 (g) (White – Yellow)
15. 29/05/13
Sulphuric acidSulphuric acid
Sulphuric acid has many important uses – car batteries, detergents,
fertilisers etc.
How sulphuric acid is made:
Step 1: Burn sulphur in air:
Step 2: Pass the sulphur dioxide over a vanadium oxide catalyst at 450OC:
Step 3: Dissolve the sulphur trioxide in sulphuric acid:
Step 4: Add water to the oleum:
Sulphur + oxygen sulphur dioxide
Sulphur trioxide + conc. sulphuric acid oleum
Sulphur dioxide + oxygen sulphur trioxide
Oleum + water sulphuric acid
16. 29/05/13
Reversible ReactionsReversible Reactions
When a reversible reaction occurs in a CLOSED SYSTEM (i.e. no reactants
are added or taken away) an EQUILIBRIUM is achieved – in other words,
the reaction goes at the same rate in both directions:
A + B C + D
Endothermic reactions
Increased temperature:
Decreased temperature:
A + B C + D
A + B C + D
More products
Less products
Exothermic reactions
Increased temperature:
Decreased temperature:
A + B C + D
Less products
More products
A + B C + D
17. 29/05/13
Sulphuric acidSulphuric acid
Step 2 in the manufacture of sulphuric acid is an example of a
reversible reaction:
2SO2 + O2 2SO3
ExothermicEndothermic
What would happen if the temperature was decreased?
Solution – use 450O
C as a compromise
The reaction would favour the production of sulphur trioxide
BUT the reaction would happen at a slower rate.
18. 29/05/13
Iron and SteelIron and Steel
In previous work we considered the role of the
blast furnace in extracting iron from its ore.
The iron contains roughly 5% carbon and
different metals and is very ________. In
order to reduce these impurities and convert
the iron into _________ the molten iron is
transferred into another furnace where it is
mixed with recycled scrap iron and pure
___________. The oxygen reacts with the
metal impurities to form ________ oxides.
Calcium carbonate is also added to remove
some of the acidic oxides as _______ when
the furnace is tilted.
Words – slag, brittle, steel, oxygen, acidic
19. 29/05/13
Making steel – the reactionsMaking steel – the reactions
1) Mixing oxygen with silicon impurities:
2) Decomposition of limestone:
3) Adding these products together:
Silicon + oxygen Silicon oxide
Calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
Silicon oxide + calcium oxide calcium silicate
Steel with a high
carbon content is
strong but brittle
Steel with a low
carbon content is
easily shaped
Steel with chromium
and nickel is called
stainless steel
20. 29/05/13
TitaniumTitanium
Titanium is a strong metal used in planes, replacement hip
joints, bikes etc. Two steps are used in its manufacture:
Step 1: Convert titanium dioxide (ore) to titanium chloride
Step 2: Displace the titanium using sodium or magnesium:
Titanium chloride + sodium titanium + sodium chloride
In this reaction the
titanium is displaced my a
more reactive metal. This
reaction is done in an argon
atmosphere to avoid any
further reactions.
Titanium ions have a
charge of 4+ and gain four
electrons to become
titanium atoms. This is a
reduction reaction.
21. 29/05/13
AluminiumAluminium
Aluminium is a fairly reactive metal that doesn’t
corrode due to forming a thin layer of
aluminium oxide. This explains why greenhouses
don’t rust and don’t need to be painted.
A thicker layer of aluminium oxide can be made artificially.
There are two stages:
1) Remove the natural layer
by placing the aluminium in
sodium hydroxide.
2) Use electrolysis on
sulphuric acid with the
aluminium as the positive
electrode. This is called
anodising.
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
H2SO4
Al