This project is explored in a section (Nagdevi) of ward B of Municipal Corporation Greater Mumbai, India. There are number of ways Building densities affect cities health. Aim of this project is to understand road proportion with respect to total consumed Built up (BUP) of an area using GIS and Satellite Imagery. This will help planners understand existing scenarios better for taking correct decisions when it comes to revising FSI for Mumbai.
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
This presentation was given by MANIT Bhopal for "Samavesh" - XVl Annual NOSPlan Convention. The Theme of Presentation - "Accessibility in Peri-urban area".
Route Analysis and Cut Fill Analysis using QGIS (open source GIS)Pallavi Prakash Jha
Open source GIS has capacity to empower Architects and Urban designers towards sustainable development methodologies. This presentation is an example for one such initiative where CAD point data was converted to shape files and was then used for further analysis. Similar analysis can be conducted using ISRO satellite data that is available to public.
Basic Urban Study
Prepared by Dzul Fadli Asraf
Prepared for Architecture Design 2, Diploma of Architecture, RENG College of Technology and Design
Providing the basic urban design elements to guide the students to do urban study. Some of the information are meant for Malaysian context.
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
This presentation was given by MANIT Bhopal for "Samavesh" - XVl Annual NOSPlan Convention. The Theme of Presentation - "Accessibility in Peri-urban area".
Route Analysis and Cut Fill Analysis using QGIS (open source GIS)Pallavi Prakash Jha
Open source GIS has capacity to empower Architects and Urban designers towards sustainable development methodologies. This presentation is an example for one such initiative where CAD point data was converted to shape files and was then used for further analysis. Similar analysis can be conducted using ISRO satellite data that is available to public.
Basic Urban Study
Prepared by Dzul Fadli Asraf
Prepared for Architecture Design 2, Diploma of Architecture, RENG College of Technology and Design
Providing the basic urban design elements to guide the students to do urban study. Some of the information are meant for Malaysian context.
Case Study: Eir's (Former Eircom, Ireland's national operator)approach to fiber planning and design using FiberPlanIT. This case study was presented at the 2015 Fixed Access Summit in Berlin.
This presentation shows the basic application of gis in indian railways. Only brief description is given, Rest of the information can be found on the internet.
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
Salient features of a well-designed inclusive Neighbourhood (Colony) for the urban poor is characterized by a well conceptualized effort at social cohesion:
I. Housing Unit and Layouts of Cluster Housing
II. Neighbourhood Colony Layouts
III. Basic Physical Infrastructure (Water Supply, Sanitation, Drainage, Roads, Street Lighting, Solid
Waste Management, etc.)
IV. Cohesive Social Infrastructure (Community Centre, Informal Sector Market, Livelihood Centre,
etc.)
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
GIS aided Urban Planning for preparation of Micro-Level Plan of Channenahalli...vivatechijri
We all know the fact that the surface of earth is spherical and not a plane, and thus in the field of
Town Planning we observe errors in an actual plan or map of a region when it comes to its implementation. For
smaller areas such as a plot or a small township where the land can be considered to be flat the level of errors
observed is less or the accuracy rate is high compared with the larger areas such as a development plan or
structural plan or regional plan or even Town Planning Schemes. Remote Sensing & GIS were initially recognized
as supporting tools for planning, monitoring, and managing the appropriate utilization of the earth resources.
However, due to their multidisciplinary applications and integration with numerous other scientific and
technological fields, in the recent years they have become a distinct field of study.
In this paper we are going to learn about how GIS and remote sensing helps in the preparation of a map with
respect to actual ground co- ordinates and various uses of the same in the field of Urban Planning with an actual
work done on field under the guidance of experts in Directorate of Urban Land Transport, Urban Development
Department, Government of Karnataka.
Best Practices in community engagement in slum rehabilitation in India - Rajiv Ranjan Mishra - Third Expert Meeting of the Regional Slum Upgrading Working Group (RSUWG) - 29th. of November to the 1st. of December 2015 in Laleh International Hotel, Tehran, I.R. of Iran
I have 12+ years of diverse & extensive experience in urban planning & GIS specifically in GIS based master plans & zonal plans, integrated strategic urban development plans, review of master plan & developing decision making support system for automated layout plans approval & scrutiny system for Town & Country Planning Departments, land records and GIS enabled services for urban development, roads & railways, water resource management, disaster management, rural development, sewerage networking, irrigation etc.
ssessment of the Spaces between the Developed and Undeveloped Areas in Rongo ...inventionjournals
The establishment of any urban centres is always characterised by either commercial, industrial or administrative activities. Rongo Town is one of the towns that has attracted a large population and this has led to inadequate houses for the residents and general stress in the provision of social amenities. The general objective of the study was to analyse the socio-economic impacts of Rongo urban sprawl. The specific objective of the study was to assess the spaces between the developed and undeveloped area of Rongo Town. This was important because it projected the causes of inadequate housing units in Rongo Town. Concentric Urban Theory was used to guide the study. Cross sectional design method was used in the study. Quantitative and qualitative design methods were used to give the study a structure. The target population was 27,759. From this 6,095 households were used as respondents. Primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data was collected by use of questionnaires, observation checklist, photographs and sketches. Secondary data involved written articles by experts in urban growth and information in government offices and non-governmental organisations. This data was analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences which yielded descriptive and inferential statistics. This data was also analysed by content analysis through description. The spaces between the developed and undeveloped areas were found to be so large. The study recommended the construction of high density houses by filling in the spaces between the developed and undeveloped areas in Rongo Town with houses and other necessary infrastructures
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India vivatechijri
In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
Evaluate deficiencies and shortages for the Libyan Residential Urban Planning...journal ijrtem
ABSTRACT: The change in human society and the population increase in Surman citypopulation has led to an increase in environmental problems and the increasing depletion of resources and natural resources and non-optimal use of land. This has led to the disparity in the distribution of services, functions, lack of recreational areas, green areas, playgrounds, and other services. Surman City scheme suffers from many problems, particularly the spread of housing projects. This has to be reconsidered in the ways of development and the urban environment of the city planning. Sustainable urban planning is one of the most important ways and strategies that can be followed for a diaper on Surman city scheme and preserves the rights of future generations to live in urban and convenient style. The purpose of this research evaluation of residential areas Surman city scheme to know shortages and deficiencies of the scheme of the city and their suitability for the planning of an urban sustainability using Arc (GIS) technology. It isimportant means in the fields of life, especially the areas of sustainable urban planning where they can be utilized in the analysis and conclusions, as well as future studies accurately and fast. The study found out that appropriate measurable indicators can be relied upon to develop design criteria for residential that will help to achieve a sustainable urban plan during the preparation of urban schemes or develop existing schemes. Keywords: Evaluate residential urban planning,GIS, Sustainable urban planning, Residential urban planning.
Similar to Urban Density Analysis wrt Roads using GIS & Imagery (20)
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Need MCA leads? No sweat! MCAs are great for small biz funding. Learn how to snag top-notch leads: businesses needing cash, with repayment ability, decision-makers, and accurate contacts. Use content, social ads, lead platforms, partnerships, and capture processes for quality leads.
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Rixos Tersane Istanbul Residences Brochure_May2024_ENG.pdfListing Turkey
Tersane Suites Residences is a luxurious real estate project located in the heart of Istanbul, next to the beautiful Golden Horn. This unique development offers hotel concept residences with Rixos management, making it the perfect choice for both homeowners and investors.
The Tersane Suites Residences offers a wide range of options, from studio apartments to spacious four-bedroom units, all designed to the highest standard. The suites are finished with high-quality materials and feature modern, open-plan living spaces, fully-equipped kitchens, and large balconies with stunning views of the city and sea.
One of the standout features of Tersane Suites Residences is the Rixos management, which provides a truly exclusive and upscale living experience. Residents will have access to a range of luxury amenities, including a fitness center, spa, and indoor and outdoor swimming pools. Plus, the on-site restaurants and cafes provide a taste of the local and international cuisine.
The Tersane Suites Residences also offers a great opportunity for investors, as it provides a rental guarantee program. This means that investors can enjoy a steady income stream, with the peace of mind that their property is being managed by a reputable and experienced team.
The location of Tersane Suites Residences is also unbeatable, with easy access to the city’s main transportation links and within close proximity to the historic center, making it the perfect base for exploring all that Istanbul has to offer.
Green Homes, Islamabad Presentation .pdfticktoktips
Green Homes Islamabad offers beautifully designed 5, 8, and 10 Marla homes near the airport and motorway. Enjoy luxury, convenience, and high rental returns in a prime location.
Urbanrise Paradise on Earth - Unveiling Unprecedented Luxury in Exquisite Vil...JagadishKR1
Immerse yourself in the epitome of luxury living at Urbanrise Paradise on Earth. These opulent 4 BHK villas, nestled off the prestigious Kanakapura Road in Bangalore, redefine elegance and sophistication. With meticulous craftsmanship, breathtaking design, and unparalleled amenities, Urbanrise Paradise on Earth offers a sanctuary where every moment is infused with luxury and serenity. Experience a life of grandeur and indulgence at this exclusive residential enclave.
Simpolo Tiles & Bathware
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We endure gratification for every experience we offer, created to share something meaningful. It may not resonate with the majority, but that makes us a class apart. If only a handful were to understand the purpose of our existence, we would be proud to have found our believers. Rather, people with whom we can share our beliefs.
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Design your space in your style with our very own Visualizer. Now, you can choose the tiles of your liking from our wide selection and see how they would look in a space. Select the tile from the multiple options and the visualiser will replace the surfaces in the image with the selected tiles. This way, instead of just your imagination, you can choose the tiles for your place by getting an actual picture of how they would look in a space. So, design your space the way you desire digitally and implement it in real life to get the best results!
You can also share this visualiser with others to help them design their space.
Committed to delighting customers with world-class ceramic products and services. Make Simpolo synonymous with the best quality and set new benchmarks of excellence for all stakeholders. Pursue best business practices with utmost integrity to make Simpolo an exciting organisation to work with, for vendors, channel partners, investors and employees alike.
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Lixin Azarmehr, a Los Angeles-based real estate development trailblazer, co-founded JL Real Estate Development (JL RED) in 2015 and serves as its CEO. Her expertise has propelled the firm to specialize in luxury residential and mixed-use commercial projects, with a portfolio that features upscale retail spaces and sophisticated care facilities.
Referans Bahcesehir which is being constructed, in the center of the most regional destination as Bahçeşehir, shines out with its central location and unique landscape including social facilities such as a fitness center, sauna, sports facilities, children’s playground and recreational areas.
Not only drawing attention for immediate surroundings including commercial centers and private schools but also providing the easily accessible location with closeness to Tem Highway and connection roads, ongoing construction of 3rd Bridge Connection roads and Metro Projects
Bahcesehir is a rising value in the great city of Istanbul… Located at a new transportation junction in the northwest of the City… Located at such a spot that the access roads for the 3rd bridge and for the 3rd Airport will reach the region in 2016. The Marmaray and the Subway will extend all the way to Referans Bahcesehir respectively in 2018 and 2019.
465 flats and 34 stores are designed with an outstanding approach and arranged with a unique perspective offering the following options: 1 plus 1, 2 plus 1, 3 plus 1, 3.5 plus 1, 4 plus 1, and 4.5 plus 1. It is planned so as to safeguard you and your loved ones based upon a modern, technological safety approach. As you experience the joy and luxury here, you will be content and feet at ease.
It is worth seeing both inside and outside with heart-warming cafes, tasty restaurants and elegant stores… And it is ready to offer a vivacious social life with a warm and cozy space design.
A folding swimming pool and indoor swimming pools, playgrounds, Turkish bath, sauna… It has them all. Everything you need for your well-being and for having a pleasant time will be at your service. You simply need to align the rhythm of life with the rhythm of Referans Bahcesehir.
https://listingturkey.com/property/referans-bahcesehir/
The KA Housing - Catalogue - Listing TurkeyListing Turkey
Welcome to KA Housing, a distinguished real estate development nestled in the heart of Eyüpsultan, one of Istanbul’s most promising districts.
Just 10 minutes from the bustling city center, Eyüpsultan offers a serene escape with the convenience of urban living. The direct metro line ensures seamless connectivity to all parts of Istanbul, making it an ideal location for residents who seek both tranquility and vibrancy.
KA Housing boasts unparalleled accessibility, with proximity to Istanbul Airport only 30 minutes away, facilitating easy international travel. Effortless city access is guaranteed by direct metro and transportation links to Istanbul’s cultural and commercial hubs. Quick access to key metro lines connects you to every corner of the city within minutes, making commuting and exploring the city hassle-free.
The development offers luxurious living spaces with a range of unit layouts from 1+1 to 4+1, designed with meticulous attention to detail. Each unit features balconies or terraces, providing stunning vistas of Istanbul and enhancing the living experience. High-quality materials and superior craftsmanship ensure durability and elegance, while sound-proof insulation and high ceilings (2.95 m) offer comfort and sophistication.
Residents of KA Housing enjoy exclusive on-site amenities, including a state-of-the-art gym, outdoor swimming pool, yoga area, and walking paths. Entertainment options abound with a private cinema, children’s playground, and a variety of dining options including a café and restaurant. Security and convenience are paramount with 24/7 security, a dedicated carpark garage, and an IP intercom system.
KA Housing represents a prime investment opportunity with limited availability in a high-demand area, ensuring enduring value and potential for lucrative returns. Homes in this development provide exceptional value without compromising on quality, offering affordable luxury for discerning buyers. The construction is of the highest quality, built to the latest seismic and disaster resistance standards, ensuring safety and resilience.
The community and surroundings of KA Housing are enriched by close proximity to prestigious universities such as Haliç University, Bilgi University, and Istanbul Ticaret University, making it an ideal location for students and academics. The development is adjacent to the Alibeyköy stream leading into the Halic waters, offering serene natural escapes amidst lush greenery. Residents can enjoy the cultural richness of the area, surrounded by historical and cultural landmarks that blend leisure, nature, and culture seamlessly.
https://listingturkey.com/property/the-ka-housing/
Flat available for sale
Location- Tupudana, Ranchi
Savitri enclave
Area- 3BHK
Rate- 4000/sq.ft.
Super Build Up Area-1629 sq.ft.
Build-up area-1253 sq.ft.
Rate- 65lakh16k(approx)
Floor available- Flat available in all floor(G+12)
Balcony- 2
Washroom- 2
Parking - CAR PARKING
Amenities- Joggers track,temple, children's park,gym,banquet hall (5 Lakh)
Possession year (Handover year)- Dec 2025
Outside View from the apartment and flat balcony is very beautiful.
For more information contact AASHIYANA STAR PROPERTIES
7766900371
BricknBolt Understanding Load-Bearing Walls and Their Structural Support in H...BrickAndBolt
Load-bearing walls are the backbone of any home construction, providing crucial structural support that carries the weight of the house above. For companies like Brick and Bolt Mysore and Bricknbolt Faridabad, understanding and properly implementing these elements are key to constructing safe and durable buildings.
500 acres of brilliance await you here at Riverview City which offers modern living, effortless convenience, and a beautiful natural setting. It is a mega township by Magarpatta City in Loni Kalbhor, Pune. Enjoy easy access to work, schools, and fun while experiencing a perfect work-life balance.
Visit - magarpattacity.developerprojects.in
Sense Levent Kagithane Catalog - Listing TurkeyListing Turkey
Sense Levent offers a luxurious living experience in the heart of Istanbul’s vibrant Levent district.
This cutting-edge development seamlessly integrates modern design with natural elements, featuring live evergreen plants maintained by an advanced irrigation system, ensuring lush greenery year-round.
The building’s elegant ceramic balconies are both stylish and durable, enhancing the overall aesthetic and functionality. Residents can enjoy the 700m Sky Lounge, which provides breathtaking views of Istanbul and a perfect space to relax and unwind.
Sense Levent promotes a healthy and active lifestyle with a full gym, swimming pool, sauna, and steam room, all available in the building. The interiors are crafted with high-quality materials, ensuring a luxurious and inviting living space.
Designed with young professionals in mind, Sense Levent features 1+1 and 2+1 units with smart floor plans and balconies. The project promises high investment returns, with an expected annual return of 6.5-7%, significantly above Istanbul’s average ROI.
Located in the rapidly growing and highly desirable Levent area, the development benefits from ongoing urban regeneration projects. Its prime location offers proximity to shopping malls, municipal buildings, universities, and public transportation, adding immense value to your investment.
Early investors can take advantage of discounted units during the construction phase, with an expected capital appreciation of +45% USD upon completion. Property Turkey provides comprehensive rental management services, ensuring a seamless and profitable investment experience.
Additionally, robust legal support and significant tax advantages are available through Property Turkey’s licensed Real Estate Investment Fund. Levent is a dynamic urban hub, ideal for young professionals with its numerous corporate headquarters and shopping malls.
Sense Levent is more than just a residence; it’s a place where dreams and opportunities come to life. Contact us today to secure your place in this exclusive development and experience the best of Istanbul living. Sense Levent: Sense the Opportunity. Live the Dream.
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The SVN® organization shares a portion of their new weekly listings via their SVN Live® Weekly Property Broadcast. Visit https://svn.com/svn-live/ if you would like to attend our weekly call, which we open up to the brokerage community.
Elegant Evergreen Homes - Luxury Apartments Redefining Comfort in Yelahanka, ...JagadishKR1
Experience unmatched luxury at Elegant Evergreen Homes, offering exquisite 2, 3, and 4 BHK apartments in the serene locality of Yelahanka, Bangalore. These meticulously crafted homes blend modern design with timeless elegance, providing a harmonious living environment. Enjoy top-tier amenities and a prime location, making Elegant Evergreen Homes the ideal choice for discerning homeowners.
Brigade Insignia offers meticulously designed apartments with modern architecture and premium finishes. The project features spacious 3,3.5,4 and 5 BHK units, each thoughtfully planned to provide maximum comfort, natural light, and ventilation.
https://www.newprojectbangalore.com/brigade-insignia-yelahanka-bangalore.html
Urban Density Analysis wrt Roads using GIS & Imagery
1. 1
Independent Project with Coursera – The Ohio State University
TechniCity
by Dr. Jennifer Evans-Cowley, Thomas W. Sanchez
Author: Pallavi Prakash Jha –
(pallavi.prakash.jha@gmail.com)
Built density vs roads with GIS and
Satellite Imagery
Contents
Introduction ....................................................................................... 2
FSI and Densities.............................................................................. 2
Project Area Location, Facts............................................................. 3
Demographic of Study area........................................................... 4
Existing Land Use Percentage with respect to the City ................. 5
Existing Land Use Percentage with respect to the B ward ............ 5
Project Aim........................................................................................ 6
Alternate Methodology with Remote sensing data analysis .............. 6
Examples of DSM outputs ............................................................. 7
Methodology for Study Area using Vector based shape files ............ 8
Analysing Google Map live traffic for study area............................ 8
Road Capacities based on Densities............................................. 9
Traffic Density calculation formula – Alternate approach ......... 10
Project Working............................................................................... 10
Conclusion ...................................................................................... 13
Bibliography .................................................................................... 15
2. 2
Goal: Find rational ways for comparing Built up (BUP) of an
area with its existing roads for careful evaluation in revising FSI
in cities using GIS and Satellite imagery.
Introduction
FSI (floor space index) is a ratio of building’s total floor area to its
plot area. Currently FSI for suburbs in Mumbai is 1 and 1.33 for
island city. The permissible FSI will increase considering areas with
better infrastructure connectivity, accessibility, area’s future potential,
its proximity to transit stations and the existing levels of FSI
consumed. FSI for areas nearby railway station will be raised higher.
Reality players and Town planners are in favour of simultaneous up
gradation of infrastructure to effectively meet with requirement of
increased densities by raising FSI (Sanjay Jog, 2015). However, up
gradation of existing infrastructure is a long-term affair and also not
feasible in some areas of old cities where some buildings are new
and permanent and old buildings have many complexities for
redevelopment, though in dilapidated conditions. Street setback is
nonexistent and roads are very narrow. Hence such areas call for
more effective rational methods for reallocating FSI based on
multiple criteria evaluation.
FSI and Densities
Raising FSI will cater to housing shortages in Mumbai city where
land is a scarce resource. However in current situation most of our
existing roads are not equipped to handle higher density with
increase in FSI. Recommendation of raising FSI for areas nearby all
railway stations as per 20 year development plan proposed by the
Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) – from 2014 to 2034
may fail and lead to chaotic situations for near future due to limited
capacities of existing infrastructure & facilities including roads. (Binoo
Nair, 2015)
There are number of ways densities affect cities health. Floor Space
Index, FSI is a guiding factor in shaping and controlling densities in
areas. When FSI is not rationally allocated in areas, it leads to
disproportionate densities amounting to hazards on infrastructure.
This fails city infrastructure and brings congestions, traffic related
problems, jams, wastage of vehicle fuel, air and noise pollution,
unrealistic property rates escalation in certain areas, limited open
and green spaces and almost no scope for pedestrians or cyclists.
Mumbai city is in much need of better planning approach to meet
with a lot of problems related to high density.
Figure 1: Nagdevi Area, Mumbai
In some situations higher FSI may be applied to better optimise
infrastructure capacities. In current situations, FSI being same for
3. 3
most of metropolitan area is causing many problems. Some areas
that have many cessed buildings that need repairs are inviting higher
FSI. However these higher FSI cannot be dealt by existing road
capacities in these areas. Result is not only congestion but total
parking problem, environmental health concerns, deficient green &
open spaces in neighbourhoods and highly dense and unhygienic
condition. The same negatively affects small business and socio
economic conditions too.
With support of corrupt politicians, land mafias and builders perform
illegal and unethical construction which is very visible in these areas
having unreasonably tall buildings that is unjustified with current
Development Control Regulations. Such buildings must be identified
and its impact on infrastructure must be highlighted such that this
issue gets highlighted for immediate action. Such monopoly dictated
by area specific dominating builders snatch away opportunities for
small entrepreneurs and developers who want to work law abiding
and ethical.
Citizens are most affected. With higher densities, infrastructure and
amenities do not meet the basic requirement of healthy living. Cities
get congested causing adverse effect on every aspect of urban
living. Housing becomes unaffordable and slums show up more
obviously.
Figure 2: Nagdevi Street Mumbai
Project Area Location, Facts
This project is explored in a section of ward B of Municipal
Corporation Greater Mumbai, Metropolitan city Mumbai, India (Figure
4). Total Population in B ward is 1, 40,481 (as per 2001 census)
Daytime floating population is about 3, 00,000. The study area is a
high density mix use development along 6 meter wide Nagdevi
Street between Yusuf Mehrali road and Nagdevi corss lane. Area
has many dilapidated cessed buildings with no parking facility/
amenities. Local businesses in these areas are of varied types and
the blocks are mainly commercial as per DCR (Figure 7). Nagdevi
Street is few blocks away from Yusuf Meharali Road and is close to
Mohammed Ali Road (Figure 5: Location Map, Development Plan (
MCGM, 2012). Location is 2.5 km from Marine Lines Railway Station
and is 0.6 Km (8 minutes walking distance) from Crawford Market.
4. 4
The project site is well connected with different prominent high
activity zones in the vicinity and is strategically located for business
and many activities that bring lots of floating population too.
Demographic of Study area
B ward Population=140481
B ward Total area = 264 Ha
Population Density / Ha = 531
Population Density / SQM
=531/10000 SQM
= 0.0531/SQM
Floating Population = 300000
Total Population= 140481+300000= 440481
Total Population Density /Ha = 440481/264=1669
Total Population Density / SQM = 1669/10000=.1669
(Groupe SCE India, 2012)
Figure 3: India on World Map; Source: http://damayantikattha.com/export.html
Figure 4: Ward B map
5. 5
Figure 5: Location Map, Development Plan ( MCGM, 2012)
Figure 6: Google Earth map for location
Figure 7: Development Plan Zoning ( MCGM, 2012)
Existing Land Use Percentage with respect to the City
Area of Entire Mumbai City being 41395.2 ha, B ward comprise of
0.4% residential, 3.4% commercial, 0.3% Offices, 0.4% Educational
Amenities, 0.7% Medical Amenities, 2% Social Amenities, 0.2%
Public Utilities and Facilities, 3.2% Transportation and
Communication Facilities, 0.2% Vacant Land, and Negligible Open
Spaces (Groupe SCE India, 2012).
Existing Land Use Percentage with respect to the B ward
The B ward having an area of 264.56 ha, has 16.81% of residential
and 11.42% Commercial, 0.77% of Natural areas and open spaces.
Transportation and communication facilities like sea port, dockyard
and jetties, railway yards, stations etc. contribute to 63.26% of total
area in ward B. Within Natural areas and open spaces there are
6. 6
0.4% playgrounds, 0.06% recreation ground, 0.19% parks & garden,
0.11% clubs gymkhanas.
The 16.81% of area under residential use comprises of 0.01%
individual housing, 13.81% apartments / multifamily, 1.78%
government/ municipal staff/ quarters / housing, 0.08% Chawls,
1.12% slums clusters (Groupe SCE India, 2012).
Project Aim
Considering the existing scenario of buildings in Nagdevi area where
existing consumed FSI is about 4 for most plots and in some cases
it’s higher. In redevelopment buildings, FSI allocation is different and
it is 50% + existing BUP. This means that redevelopment buildings
will invite higher consumption of FSI, hence higher BUP. Aim of this
project is to understand road proportion with respect to total
consumed Built up (BUP) of an area due to applying high FSI using
GIS. This will help planners understand existing scenarios better for
taking correct decisions when it comes to revising FSI for Mumbai
city.
The relation is, higher FSI leads to more BUP that requires higher
percentage of roads to meet with the density requirement. Hence for
areas that are already saturated with FSI like in case of Nagdevi, it
needs reconsideration before allowing more buildings to emerge with
high volumes. Especially in case of redevelopment of cessed
buildings that is inviting more FSI in these areas need to be checked
and thought more carefully and some alternate incentive scheme
shall be designed for redevelopment projects of dilapidated
buildings.
Alternate Methodology with Remote sensing data analysis
Satellite images with height data will be helpful in Building density
estimation with respect to its road proportions for keeping a check,
while upgrading FSI index for the city. Building densities can be quite
decently estimated using imagery. It is possible to differentiate
various densities of residential development, and to separate these
from commercial/industrial and agricultural areas using high-
resolution remote sensing image and airborne laser altimetry data
(B. I. Alhaddad a, 2008). Methodology for estimating existing BUP
with respect to road proportion using satellite data will be same as it
is done for study area in this project using GIS shape files
subsequently.
Some satellite images relevant to site are possible to procure and
use but they involve intense raster rectification and calculation (eg.
cartosat-1). During the study, I explored a lot of open sources for
DEM. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM), ASTER,
GDEM Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection,
CARTOSAT – 1 (Figure 8: (Saha, 2014)
kakolisaha@spabhopal.ac.inare few examples of these open source
data. These open source DEM and multispectral satellite data are
very useful for planners and researchers for conducting study
exercises for developing good practical methodologies but they have
their limitations too with missing data or voids. DSM generation from
satellite images are more challenging and open source data is not
readily available for the same. This is the main reason for exploring
an alternate method using GIS shape files for this study which will be
discussed subsequently.
7. 7
Examples of DSM outputs
1. cartosat-1
DSM from cartosat-1 stereo data can be used and traditional ATE
and Orthoengine may be used over adaptive ATE for accurately
identifying urban features. (Saha, 2014)
Figure 8: (Saha, 2014) kakolisaha@spabhopal.ac.in
2. World View Stereo Pair (Commercial Product)
DTM was subtracted from DSM and incorporated with building vector
model in building height column. Final 3D City Model was generated.
Figure 9 shows the 3D City model over Ortho Photo. With this
method, 32 M spatial and building height accuracy can be achieved.
Results indicate that use of the World View Stereo models for
applications that range from building height estimation for RF
planning & optimisation in different urban morphology is a feasible
task (Nishadh S, 2013).
Figure 9
8. 8
Methodology for Study Area using Vector based shape files
In this exercise, Available Drawing in pdf format was downloaded
from mcgm.gov.in. The drawing was used to create AutoCAD format
drawing for editing and creating base files ( MCGM, 2012). These
were corrected on scale and projection with reference to Google
earthpoint. Finally the corrected shapes were reprojected on
EPSG:32643 - WGS 84 / UTM zone 43N in QGIS for further analysis
and calculations. This method has been used due to no availability of
Digital surface model for the area of study. There might be some
irregularities in drawings due to conversion factors and editing. Area
wise densities are estimated based on assumption of 4 FSI for the
study area. However, building densities are much higher in some
cases as observed on site (Figure 1: Nagdevi Area, Mumbai.
Redevelopment of cessed buildings allows higher FSI which is 50%
added to existing BUP consumed (Mumbai, DCR). This implies that
in existing situation, BUP for the study area is much more than
assumed 4 FSI for calculation and corresponding streets to these
estimated densities are also very less.
The methodology will help visualise existing Building density of an
area in relation to capacity of its roads. As per DCR, roads and
amenities percentage for development is 15% of total plot area.
These study highlights, how total built-up is essential be considered
for assigning roads and street percentage and if area is already built,
high FSI consumption shall be avoided. The comparison is made
between total built up verses area of road allocated for the area.
Analysing Google Map live traffic for study area
It is clear from the above demographic data that the area has very
high density population and due to its high floating population, the
traffic activity is much amplified. As per the Google maps live traffic
data as shown in Figure 10: it is observed that Mohammad Ali road
is the most critical link with heavy traffic volumes almost all through
the day. Traffic data for inner roads like Nagdevi street, Bibijan
street, Narayan Dhruva Street, Nagdevi Cross lane, etc is not
available. Most of these inner roads in the area is as narrow as 6-8
meters and have limited vehicular access. Nagdevi Street is non
vehicular as the street is most conjusted with its narrow width and
high commercial activities. Commute time during peak traffic hour is
very high. With Google data as in (Figure 12, Figure 13) we can see
that it takes about 10 minutes to cover a distance of 1.7 KM.
Figure 10:
9. 9
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Road Capacities based on Densities
There are four ways to estimate road capacities as mentioned below:
1. Road density /1000 kmsq (method not included in study
project)
2. Road density / 1000 population (method included in study
project)
3. Density of traffic flow ie. No. Vehicles / Unit Road Length
(method not included in study project due to lack of data)
4. Road Area % with respect to Total BUP of project area
(method included in study project and feasible with DSM/DEM
data analysis)
10. 10
State wise Road Densities for comparison
Densities for Maharashtra
year 2003.00 2004.00 2005.00 2006.00 2007.00 2008.00
Statewise Road Density Per 1000 km2
881.89 886.16 718.00 716.40 725.16 725.75
Statewise Urban Road Density Per 1000 km2
2709.83 2709.83 2748.58 2760.00 2761.36 2771.01
Statewise Road Density Per 1000 Population
2.71 2.68 2.14 2.10 2.10 2.07
Statewise Urban Road Density Per 1000 Population
0.46 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42
Figure 14
Data Source: (Infra_stat_2010, 2010)
Traffic Density calculation formula – Alternate approach
Alternative method to evaluate road capacities based on traffic
intensities and traffic densities will be reasonable to achieve more
criteria’s of grading. Formulas are as below but insufficient data to
use these in this project.
(q) Intensity of Traffic = No. of vehicles passing across road section /
unit time; Q=n/t
(k) Density of traffic flow = No. Vehicles / Unit Road Length; k= n/x
(q) Intensity of traffic = (k) Density of traffic * (u) mean speed of traffic
(Rijn, 2004)
Road Density - Road Length/ Geographical Area or Population of
India (Infra_stat_2010, 2010)
Project Working
As already mentioned above, we will assume FSI of 4 for the project
area. More accurate ways for calculating BUP in these old areas
would be actual physical survey followed by further calculation with
same method as below. Alternately satellite data will be helpful in
estimating near accurate building densities and its relation with its
roads and streets.
Population has been estimated for the project area based on
population density which is 0.0531/SQM as mentioned above.
Study Area Total Population(including Floating) 4775
Alll Road Length Meter 1201
Road Density Considering all Roads/4775 Population 0.251518325
Road Density All Roads/1000 Population 0.052673995
Figure 15
12. 12
Figure 18
Figure 19
Study Area BUP SQM 114444
Alll Road Area SQM 10398
Road Density Considering all Roads/BUP Area 0.090857
Total Road % wrt 114444sqm BUP 9.085666
Figure 20
13. 13
Figure 21
Figure 22
Conclusion
Comparing the road density / 1000 population of .053 of project area
(Figure 15, Figure 17: QGIS: EPSG:32643 - WGS 84 / UTM zone
43N, Figure 18) and Statewise Urban Road Density Per 1000
Population ranges from 0.42- 0.46 between year 2008-2003 (Figure
14). Facts indicate the difference that the roads are less than
required for this area on comparison. Hence any further increase in
FSI will worsen the existing situation in study area.
14. 14
As per DCR, amenity percentage for new development of plot size
ranging from 2501-10000sqm and above is 15% of total plot area
(same is applicable with FSI constrain). The same is not seen in old
areas with many cessed buildings like in case of Nagdevi. The
project output using vector based GIS analysis illustrates that the
total built-up of an area is also essential to be considered for
assigning roads and street percentage in a development and if the
area is already densely built, than any further high FSI consumption
shall be avoided. The comparison is made between total built up
verses area of road allocated for the study region. The area is
facilitated with 9.08% of road area with respect to BUP consumed
(Figure 21, Figure 22). It is important to note that out of all these
roads, three roads have limited or no vehicular access that puts
further more pressure on vehicular roads.
These methodologies using GIS and Satellite imagery can serve as
a great tool to planners and decision makers for careful evaluation
while revising FSI for cities in realistic existing density scenario.
Satellite images with elevation data will also help detect illegally built
buildings that have consumed disproportionate FSI. Planning
authorities can take advantage of these technologies. Open sources
like in case of DEM from SRTM, ASTER, Cartosat-1 are useful for
individual researchers and planners, however some open source for
DSM would be more encouraging.
Figure 23
15. 15
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