The document discusses slums and slum rehabilitation schemes in India. It defines what constitutes a slum according to the government and classifies different types of slum settlements. It then outlines some of the key issues faced in slums like lack of basic amenities and sanitation. The document also provides an overview of the genesis of the Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) and its role and functions. It explains various slum redevelopment schemes implemented by the SRA and the stages involved in their implementation. Finally, it discusses some other features of these schemes like where they can be applied and facilities provided to developers.
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The presentation is an attempt to trace the history of Chandigarh Master Plan. It showcases also the making of Chandigarh Capital city and the making of Chandigarh Master Plan-2031
Growth pattern of towns Natural and Planned,
Types of zoning and importance,
various road networks(Grid iron pattern, shoe string development,
Surveys for data collection, physical survey, social survey, economic survey, civic survey,
Town aesthetics, landscape architecture,
Rehabilitation of slum and urban renewal,
Affordable Housing, Slum Redevelopment In Cities of IndiaRavikant Joshi
This PPT delivered to Scholars of Indian School of Public Policy discusses status and issues associated with affordable housing, slum upgradation, slum redevelopment in cities of India
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The presentation is an attempt to trace the history of Chandigarh Master Plan. It showcases also the making of Chandigarh Capital city and the making of Chandigarh Master Plan-2031
Growth pattern of towns Natural and Planned,
Types of zoning and importance,
various road networks(Grid iron pattern, shoe string development,
Surveys for data collection, physical survey, social survey, economic survey, civic survey,
Town aesthetics, landscape architecture,
Rehabilitation of slum and urban renewal,
Affordable Housing, Slum Redevelopment In Cities of IndiaRavikant Joshi
This PPT delivered to Scholars of Indian School of Public Policy discusses status and issues associated with affordable housing, slum upgradation, slum redevelopment in cities of India
Slum rehabilitation suffers from a problem that if we vacate the slums to make it livable, the inmates would create a slum elsewhere. Using the technology described in the presentation, a practical method for slum rehabilitation is suggested.
Self Sustainable Integrated Township : A resource-based planning to improve t...Sahil Singh Kapoor
The objective of this study is to analyze the potential shift towards Integrated Township development with mixed land use, creating employment opportunities close to residential place and requiring minimum land area.
While the supply side constraints for low cost and affordable housing include lack of availability of land and finance at reasonable rates, the demand drivers include the growing
middle class and urbanisation. Real estate developers, private players in particular, have primarily targeted luxury, high-end and upper-mid housing segment owing to the higher returns that can be gained from such projects.
presentation based on Land Acquisition act and Land pooling in India. PPT is helpful for Urban Planning Students. discussed various land pooling models in India.
National Slum Development Program (NSDP) Sumit Ranjan
National Slum Development Program (NSDP)
Housing, 8th sem, B. Arch.
amount, beneficiaries, constraints and recommendations, discription, drawbacks, facilities, financial, funding, government, housing, introduction, managerial, nature, objectives, slums, technical
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
Salient features of a well-designed inclusive Neighbourhood (Colony) for the urban poor is characterized by a well conceptualized effort at social cohesion:
I. Housing Unit and Layouts of Cluster Housing
II. Neighbourhood Colony Layouts
III. Basic Physical Infrastructure (Water Supply, Sanitation, Drainage, Roads, Street Lighting, Solid
Waste Management, etc.)
IV. Cohesive Social Infrastructure (Community Centre, Informal Sector Market, Livelihood Centre,
etc.)
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
TDR - CASE STUDIES OF MUMBAI CHENNAI BANGALORE
TRANSFERABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
Transferable Development Rights or TDR can be considered as an important raw material in the real estate industry as it allows the developer to build over and above the permissible Floor Space Index (FSI) under the prevalent rules of the respective locations.
Slum rehabilitation suffers from a problem that if we vacate the slums to make it livable, the inmates would create a slum elsewhere. Using the technology described in the presentation, a practical method for slum rehabilitation is suggested.
Self Sustainable Integrated Township : A resource-based planning to improve t...Sahil Singh Kapoor
The objective of this study is to analyze the potential shift towards Integrated Township development with mixed land use, creating employment opportunities close to residential place and requiring minimum land area.
While the supply side constraints for low cost and affordable housing include lack of availability of land and finance at reasonable rates, the demand drivers include the growing
middle class and urbanisation. Real estate developers, private players in particular, have primarily targeted luxury, high-end and upper-mid housing segment owing to the higher returns that can be gained from such projects.
presentation based on Land Acquisition act and Land pooling in India. PPT is helpful for Urban Planning Students. discussed various land pooling models in India.
National Slum Development Program (NSDP) Sumit Ranjan
National Slum Development Program (NSDP)
Housing, 8th sem, B. Arch.
amount, beneficiaries, constraints and recommendations, discription, drawbacks, facilities, financial, funding, government, housing, introduction, managerial, nature, objectives, slums, technical
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
Salient features of a well-designed inclusive Neighbourhood (Colony) for the urban poor is characterized by a well conceptualized effort at social cohesion:
I. Housing Unit and Layouts of Cluster Housing
II. Neighbourhood Colony Layouts
III. Basic Physical Infrastructure (Water Supply, Sanitation, Drainage, Roads, Street Lighting, Solid
Waste Management, etc.)
IV. Cohesive Social Infrastructure (Community Centre, Informal Sector Market, Livelihood Centre,
etc.)
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
TDR - CASE STUDIES OF MUMBAI CHENNAI BANGALORE
TRANSFERABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
Transferable Development Rights or TDR can be considered as an important raw material in the real estate industry as it allows the developer to build over and above the permissible Floor Space Index (FSI) under the prevalent rules of the respective locations.
Presented to the PILaR Book Project Workshop, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey, 22nd to 23rd October, 2013.
Challenges: A better understanding of the dynamics and formal and informal regulations that govern the urban land markets are key factors in the process of urbanization.
Development Workshop's Director Allan Cain presented a paper on DW’s work at the PILaR Book Project Workshop at Istanbul Technical University, Turkey, which ran from October 22 to 23, 2013.
Most urban growth in Angola has been unregulated expansion at the periphery of cities, leading to large and still growing informal settlements around an older urban core. This paper maps out a model of “land readjustment” or “land pooling” that may be appropriate in the context of Angola’s current urban crisis. The paper presents two cases illustrating the introduction of land readjustment, one successful and the other not, with the aim of learning from and adapting the approach in future public land and settlement policies in Angola.
This powerpoint, authored by Allan Cain, Beat Weber and Moises Festo, was presented by Development Workshop's director Allan Cain at the Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty which took place from April 8 to 11, 2013 in Washington DC.
Despite a rather challenging environment, land readjustment in Angola has the potential to become an important tool for urban planning. The presentation shows that, while there is still no legal framework for land readjustment and a very limited culture of participation in urban planning processes, growing land markets and strong private sector partners can make land readjustment a viable option for local governments.
Untapped potential of U-CLTS in tackling the emerging challenges of urban san...IRC
Following an introduction to the differences between the urban and rural, the Kalyani case study from Nadia District, Calcutta, India is explored. This is the first example of the succesful application of the Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach in an urban context. It shows how this behaviour change approach can help users move up the sanitation technology ladder. Presente by Kamal Kar, CLTS Foundation at the Round Table Discussion on Urban Sanitation in line with ULCTS, 1 July 2015 at The Hague, The Netherlands
Land as a Resource for urban finanace- 24-1-23.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
PPt tries to brief Land, as a gift of nature, is being grossly misused, abused , manipulated Land is globally used for providing platform for all human driven activities, based on living, working, culture of body/ mind and travel.
Limited availability, coupled with large number of human beings trying to source land, has invariably created large demand for land resource for human consumption. Land, in urban context, is required for meeting the specific needs of urban dwellers for residential, commercial, institutional, recreational, travel& traffic purposes besides providing space for infrastructures , amenities, services, trade and commerce etc. Land in urban context remains under large demand and command high price due to concentration of large population in small physical area, with stakeholders making competing claims.Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused. In order to make optimum use of land resource on 24x7x365; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all ULBs are made to focus on eliminating culture and practices promoting un-authorized/ illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the cities. Land needs to be effectively leveraged to generate resources for ULBs to make cities vibrant.
Introduction to slums,
Causes of Slum Development,
Characteristics of slums,
Effects of slums in Urban Area,
Slum Clearance,
Complete removal Method,
Open Plot Scheme,
Improvement method,
Works of improvement,
Slum Prevention,
Preventive measures for slums,
Difficulties in slum clearance program,
Pradhanmantri Aawas Yojana.
Participatory & Inclusive Community Land Readjustment in Huambo, Angola, presented by DW Director Allan Cain to the UN Habitat Expert Group Meeting on Slum Upgrading using Participatory Land Readjustment, December 3-4, 2013 in Nairobi, Kenya.
Resettlement and Rehabilitation is explained through a real life case study. Includes all the supportive actions taken to satisfy the project affected persons. Rehabilitation strategies employed and compensations promised are also described in the presentation.
Presentación de Sra. Judith Ephraim, agregada del desarrollo sostenible y de medio ambiente, Ministerio del Desarrollo sostenible, Energía, Ciencias y Tecnología, Gobernó de Santa Lucia.
foro ciudades sostenibles
2012
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. Slums – Big problem for small city
•
GOI definition of “Slum” Settlements:-
–
Apparent physical sub-standardness, irrespective of land ownership or
tenure status–legal settlements as Slums?
–
Unfit for human habitation due to dilapidation, overcrowding, lack of
ventilation, light or sanitation facilities which are water, roads,
healthcare, education?
–
If conditions met, settlements can be regularised as Slums
4. Classification of “Slum” Settlements
•
Freehold land ,
such as those in the inner city, blighted areas or
–
urban villages.
•
“Squatter” Settlements
which are encroachments on public or private land.
–
•
Illegal Land Sub-Divisions
where quasi/legal land ownership but the land subdivision
–
undertaken illegally.
•
Public or Private Leasehold Land ,
such as cooperative-model in resettlement colonies or urban
–
villages.
5. Slums – The grim reality
•
70% of slum dwellings’ were exposed or semi-permanent.
•
25% of slums lacked “safe” drinking water & on average one
community tap served 63 households – true access?
•
72% of slums lacked community or individual toilets & on average, 1
seat for 376 persons – forced open defecation.
•
68% of slums lacked municipal rubbish facilities & threw garbage in
open areas – city-wide health epidemics.
•
45% of slums lacked any drainage infrastructure – floods.
•
85% of slums lacked underground sewerage – exposure.
•
63% of slums had no fully-surfaced internal road – time.
6. Slums – Problem within the city
•
Mumbai Pune region has large slum settlement in the state.
•
58% of Mumbai& 40% of Pune’s population lives in slums, much with lack of
basic amenities (especially Dharavi and Pimpri Chinchwad & Pune area).
•
Threat of a new slum settlement, larger than Dharavi is on the rise at
Nalasopara, near Mumbai.
•
These slums are now posing serious threat in terms of terrorist activity to the
Maximum City.
•
Slums are increasing everyday, due to influx of people coming to Mumbai
from all over country in search of jobs / opportunity. This is putting huge
pressure on infrastructure of the city
8. Slum clearance – The Government way
•
From 1946 to 1974
Slum eviction and clearance with limited relocation was
–
predominant policy
•
From 1975 to 1977
During Emergency, slum clearance was notorious and unpleasant
–
•
From 1980s to 1990s
Various International donor agencies insisted on In-situ slum upgradation
–
•
Year 1997
National slum development program was announced
–
•
Year 2001
VAMBAY (Valmiki Ambedkar Malin Basti Avaash Yojana) launched for
–
urban population below poverty line.
•
Year 2001
Draft National slum Policy being prepared, with emphasis to In-situ
–
development of regularized and under serviced settlement.
9. SRA – The Genesis
•
Phase I
–
Prior to 1970, clearance of slums were the only solution thought of, by
the State government
–
The encroachment would grow again, post the demolition drive.
–
This was not the permanent solution to the situation
•
Phase II
–
It became necessary to tolerate slum as housing structure
–
Census of hutments were carried and I.Card were issued to such
dwelling, post Feb 1976
–
It was agreed that whenever the slums are to be removed for public
purpose, the dwellers would be located elsewhere
10. SRA – The Genesis
Phase III
•
-- In the mid 80s, on the guidelines of World Bank,
Slum upgradation work was carried out.
-- Slum lands were given on 30 years lease to slum dweller society
at nominal lease rent. Soft loans were provided for slum upgradation on as is
where is basis
-- Such schemes were limited to State Govt., Municipal and housing board
lands.
Phase IV
•
-- Post 1990, a comprehensive rehabilitation scheme was launched under the
recommendation of Afzalpurkar committee, headed by Shri Dinesh Afzalpurkar,
Ex.Chief Secretary
-- Mah. Slum Area (Improvement, Clearance and Redevelopment) Act of 1971
was amended and Slum Rehabilitation Authority was created vide notification
dated 16 Dec., 1995. It become functional from 25th December, 1995.
-- It was given corporate status from 3rd Jan., 1997. It is now an independent
autonomous body.
11. SRA – Constitution & function
•
The entity, thus created, consist of
–
Chairperson – CM of Maharashtra
–
CEO – Super time scale IAS Officer
–
14 members – includes ministers of state, principal secretary, elected
member of State legislature and non-official members from field of
construction.
•
The main function of the authority are
–
Planning & implementation.
–
Building permission and supervision.
–
Eligibility certification, eviction of non-participants and declaration of
slums and rehabilitation area.
–
Registration of Co-op housing society.
–
Land management, community development, General administration,
Accounts and finance.
13. Slum Rdevelopment Scheme
Slum redevelopment scheme was made operative from
•
25th March, 1991.
Under this scheme redevelopment of slums whose structure and inhabitant’s
•
name appeared in electoral list of 1985.
Rehab area upto 180 sq.ft. Each dwellers had to pay Rs.15000/- to Rs.18000/- as
•
contribution.
Profits for promoters were capped at 25% and FSI restricted upto 2.5 of total
•
area to accommodate both rehab and sale components.
This scheme was later scrapped and new Slum rehabilitation scheme was
•
introduced with the formation of SR Authority.
Every slum structure existing as on 1/1/1995 or prior there-to is eligible for
•
rehabilitation.
14. Slum Redevelopment Scheme
Slum dwellers get a self contained 225 sq. ft. carpet area
•
tenement free of cost. (currently this is being amended to 269 sq. ft.)
Cost of construction of the rehabilitation tenements is cross-subsidized from the
•
sale of free sale tenements in the open market.
FSI generates from Rehab to Sale ratio which is 1:0.75 for City, 1:1 for suburbs &
•
1:1.333 for Dharavi.
•
FSI is generated on the basis of no of rehab units on the plot and NOT as per size
of the plot “It may exceed 2.5”.
No financial involvement of the government.
•
The entity developing the slum rehabilitation scheme is entitled to free
•
sale component in proportion to the rehab component.
A sum of Rs. 20,000/- per tenement is recovered from the developer for subsidizing
•
the monthly maintenance of the building.
15. Types of rehabilitation scheme
•
The density of dweller should be 500 tenements per hectare.
•
TDR is available against Free sale component.
•
1 Balwadi and 1 Welfare center of standard size of 225 sq. ft. for
every 100 tenements.
•
Clubbing of 2 SRS scheme having same rehabilitation to sale ratio.
16. Slums – Big problem for small city
As per the provisions of different sections
of Development Control Regulations (DCR):
33.10 scheme : In the schemes approved under the provisions of this DC
•
regulation, the slums are rehabilitated on the same site.
3.11 scheme : In the schemes approved under the provisions of this DC regulation, an
•
owner of vacant unencumbered land can use it for construction of PAP tenements for
which he is compensated by TDR for land and for construction.
33.14 scheme : In this scheme, the landowner is allowed to consume the existing FSI
•
potential of the land, owned by him. The additional potential of 1.5 for suburbs, 1.66
for difficult area & 1.00 for island city (only for government or public sector plots) is
granted under this scheme.
The developer constructs transit tenements out of a prescribed part of this additional
potential. The balance of the additional potential is allowed as free sale component.
17. Example of tenement calculation.
•
Under the In-situ scheme DCR 33(10)
If a Plot are of 1000 sq mtr consist 50 eligible huts and on it
there is a set back of 200 sq mtrs for DP Road, then
1000 – 200 = 800 sq mtrs with 50 huts.
So the density per hectare is
50/800 X 10,000 = 625 huts per hectare
Since > 500 huts therefore no PAP tenements
If < 500 huts PAP would be generated and submitted to SRA,
who in turn would use this to relocate project affected people
due to public work or other displacement reason.
18. Example of FSI
Continuing on previous example,
•
under the In-situ scheme
FSI that would be available is calculated as below :
Rehab component =
50 x 25 sq. mtr. (269 sq ft) = 1250 sq. mtrs.
Additional component
passage + society office
Balwadi + Welfare cntr = 225 sq. mtrs.
Rehab component = 1475 sq. mtrs.
Tot FSI for salable portion = 1475 sq. mtrs.
19. Example of TDR
•
From previous example what we get
–
Rehab component = 1250 sq. mtr.
–
Salable component= 1475 sq. mtr.
–
BUA permissible = 2725 sq. mtr.
•
Maximum permissible FSI in-situ is 2.5 hence :
–
Plot size = 1000 sq mtr
–
Max FSI = 2500 sq mtr (1000 x 2.5)
–
Sale BUA= 1250 sq mtr (2500 – 1250)
–
TDR = 225 sq mtr
21. Stages of implementation – Stage 1
Doc (land papers etc)
Appoints a Chief
collected /
70%of dwellers form Co- promoter /
Plot measured
op society opening of
/ Structure
bank account
demarcated
Developer appointed /
Developers enter into Structure survey & no.
Developer
individual Table no of
appoints
agreement house
engineer /
with dwellers prepared
surveyors
Proposal with plan
annexure,
documents Stage II commences
submited to
SRA
22. Stages of implementation – Stage 2
Annexure II submitted for
Scrutiny by sub-engineer / certification /
Scrutiny fee paid by the
scrutiny fee Annexure III
developers
calculated submitted to
Finance
Annexure II & III certified by Annexure I scrutinized by
LOI, Layout , CC issued respective Engineering
authority Dept
Stages of implementation –
Stage III commence
Stage 2
23. Stages of implementation – Stage 3
Lots of allotments to Arrangement of transit
Draw a lot for transit
participant / accomodatio
accommodat
latter to non- n (Onsite or
ion
participants offsite)
If non participants don’t
All structure demolished
agree within Dwellers shifts to transit
and work
15 days, they camp / non-
upto plinth
are physically participant
level
evicted from issued notices
completed
site
After verifying plinth
dimension,
SRA grants
permission to Stage IV commences
construct
beyond plinth
level
24. Stages of implementation – Stage 4
Building permission for free
Plan for further rehab and sale building
Rehabilitation building
free sale building given in
completed
approved proportion to
rehab building
Building and compliance with
IoA conditions
Building completion Lists of allotees prepared /
verified/
certificate allotment of
Occupation
submitted by tenements made
permitted
architect in joint names
Possesion as per
allotment
SRA issues I.Card to slum
Stage V commences
dwellers
25. Stages of implementation – Stage 5
Commencement of Further building
remaining free permission / OC
sale building granted in due
construction course
Separate property card for
rehab plot, free sale
plot and reserved plot
prepared
27. Where SRA scheme can be implemented ?
Land area falling under following category
•
Category I
–
Slum falling under Residential, Commercial or Industrial zone.
•
Category II
–
Slums occupying more than 25% of non-buildable area such as
playgrounds etc.
•
Category III
–
Slums occupying the area buildable for public purpose such as
Primary or secondary schools.
•
Category IV
–
Area not covered under cat.II, cat.III and Cat V
28. Where SRA scheme can be implemented ?
Land area falling under following category
•
Category V
–
Slums occupying area reserved for public housing/high density
housing or housing for dishoused.
•
Category VI
–
Slum occupying area reserved for road widening projects.
•
Category VII
–
Any land not covered under any category above.
SRA schemes are not applicable to any CRZs. They are governed as
separate zones.
29. Costal regulation zones
There are three zones.
•
CRZ I – Area between the high tide and low
tide line, where no development is permitted.
•
CRZ II – where substantial development has
already occurred, but further development is
controlled.
•
CRZ III –where sporadic development has
occurred, and only repairs and reconstruction
is allowed.
30. Other facilities provided by SRA
•
Registration of Co-op societies for SRA projects.
•
Final demarcation and change in record of rights.
•
Leasing of land and transfer in records of right.
•
Reduction in stamp duty.
•
Reduction in property tax.
32. SRA – Requisites of a developer
Solvency certificate to be provided by the developer from
•
the nationalized banks.
Value of SRA Project Solvency certificate of
More than 10 crores Rs.30 lac
From 5 crores to 10 crores Rs. 15 lac
Below 5 crores Rs. 5 lac
Project record of last 5 years and the expenses incurred on such projects, duly
•
certified by the architect.
Details of technical staff and equipments.
•
Atleast had develop 25% of the current size of project in last 5 years.
•
These terms are relaxed for the project of size less than 500 sq. mtrs. This is in
view of encouraging new entrants in development.
33. Relaxation in building norms
•
No separate kitchen compulsory.
•
No size restriction on bath or water closet unit.
•
Lift not a compulsion for ground + 5 storey building.
Area of 2 mtr width provided as common passage in rehab building
•
shall not be counted towards FSI.
If the height of building is more than 24 mtrs due to stilt in rehab
•
building, it will not be considered as high rise building under Fire
safety norms.
34. Developers grievances
•
No availability of Pre-sale finance.
•
Lack of formal institutions to provide construction finance.
•
Rigid red tapism and huge under the table transaction.
•
Nuisance created from local slum dwellers due to vested
interest.
•
Slum lands considered as tricky collateral by most lenders
35. Some allegations of misdoings
•
Laskaria Developers
Allegedly acquired 52 hectares in Malwani, Malad
–
for Rs.53 crores.
Total Finance available, including loan and capital, is Rs.52 lac
–
2.5 hectare of total plot is under CRZ.
–
•
Shivalik Ventures
False claim of acquiring 70% approval from residents
–
Also claims of receiving NOC from private landowners, no relevant paper
–
submitted to authority.
•
Lokhandwala Developers
6.9 hectares of plot in Haji Ali and Worli acquired
–
Norm of 70% approval from locals was asked to be ignored by officials
–
The cut-off was advised to be extended till 2000 instead of 1995
–
36. Final word
•
One must beware of ministers who can do nothing without
money, and those who want to do everything with money.
•
Late Smt. Indira Gandhi (November 19, 1917 - October 31, 1984)
37. References
•
SRA website www.sra.gov.in
•
Research paper by Prof.Vinit Mukhija “Enabling
Slum development in Mumbai – Policy paradox in
practice”
•
Presentation on housing scams by Dr.Kirit Somaiya
– BJP national secretary.