My Presentation in College. Hope its useful for you rather than sleeping in my desktop. Sorry if there is any mistakes. Thanks and god bless.

1. Presented by
Jega Subramaniam
Guided by Dr Mannah
Chandra and Dr Venugopal
SPACES FORMED BY MENINGES
AND MENINGEAL COVERINGS OF
SPINAL CORD

2. Extradural, Subdural,
Subarachnoid Spaces in
Brain
Subarachnoid Cisterns
Meningeal Coverings of
Spinal Cord
Clinical Anatomy
Outline

3.  = Extradural Space
 Potential Space
between the inner
aspect of skull bone and
the endosteal layer of
dura mater
 Normally absent or very
minute space
Epidural Space

4. Epidural Hematoma
• Blood escapes from the
ruptured blood vessel --
Meningeal Artery
• Lucid Interval

5. Subdural Space
 Potential Space between the dura
mater and arachnoid mater
 Traversed by cerebral veins before
draining into dural venous sinuses
Subdural Space

6.  Head injury that tears a blood vessel
 Blood escapes from the ruptured blood vessel
--- Cerebral Veins
Subdural Hematoma

7.  Space between the arachnoid and pia mater
 Surrounds brain and spinal cord – Ends at Lower
Border of S2 vertebra
 Contains - Cerebrospinal Fluid , large vessels of
brain
 Collagen and elastic fibrous tissue arranged in
network manner
 Cranial nerves passes through the space
 At base of the brain and around the brain the
stem , It opens/enlarges into Cisterns
Subarachnoid Space

8. Blood clot in the
subarachnoid
space
 Can be due to Bleeding
from a cerebral
aneurysm
 Head injury
SUBARACHNOID HEMATOMA

9.  Latin = “ Box ”
 Intercommunicating pools at the base and around
the brain stem
 Enlarged Subarachnoid Space
 Function – Having more amount of CSF it can give
extra protection to underlying tissue . Forms
cushions around the medulla oblongata.
Subarachnoid Cisterns
Cerebellomedullar
y Cistern /
Cisterna Magna *
Cisterna Pontis
*
Interpeduncular
Cistern
Lumbar Cistern
*
Cistern of Great
Cerebral Vein Cistern of Lateral
Sulcus

11. Cerebellomedullary Cistern / Cisterna Magna
 Largest
 Connects the inferior surface of
cerebellum and medulla oblongata
 Receives the CSF from the fourth
ventricle through Median Foramen of
Magendie

12. Cisterna Pontis
 On the ventral aspect pons
 Contains Basilar artery and its
branches
Interpeduncular Cistern
• Between two temporal lobes
• Contains important Circle
of Willis

13. Cistern of Great Cerebral Vein
• Between the splenium of
corpus collosum and
superior surface of
cerebellum
• Contains pineal gland
and great cerebral vein
Lumbar Cistern
 At Lumbar Region. Distal to termination of
spinal cord(LB of L1)
 Lumbar Puncture – Space between L3 and
L4

14.  Communicates through apertures in the 4th
ventricles
- Median Foramen of Megendie -
Drains the CSF to Subarachnoid Space mainly to
Cisterna Magna
- 2 Lateral Foramina of Luschka Opening in
each lateral extremity of the lateral
recess of the fourth ventricle
How CSF flows from Ventricular System to Subarachnoid
Space
Fourth
Ventricle
Lateral Foramen
Median Foramen
Third Ventricle
Lateral
Ventricle
Foramen of
Monro
Cerebral
Aqueduct

15.  Spinal Cord is surrounded by 3 meninges . Dura , Arachnoid and Pia mater
 Dura Mater
 Arachnoid Mater
 Pia Mater
Subdural Space
Subarachnoid Space --- contains
CSF
Vertebral Canal
Epidural Space --- Epidural
anaesthesia is given
Dura Mater , Arachnoid Mater ,
Subarachnoid Space extends
up to S2 vertebra.
Meningeal Covering Of Spinal Cord

16.  Spinal Cord ends at lower border of
L1 as conus medularis . So Below L2
– Lumbar Puncture is done without
any damage to the spinal cord
 Below Conus Medularis - Only pia
mater is continued as thin fibrous
cord = filum terminale ---attach to
periosteum of dorsal surface of Co
1 segment
Conus
Medularis
Filum
Terminale
l.B of L 1
Co 1

17.  Lateral projection of pia mater
to the dura mater = denticulate
ligament – 21 pairs –teeth like
projection – keeps the spinal
cord in position
 Linea splendens – thickening at
anteromedian sulcus
denticulat
e
ligament

18. Cauda Equina ---- Resembles horse tail
 Dorsal and Ventral nerve
roots of right and left
sides of L2 to S5 nerves lies
almost vertically around the
filum terminale
 Cauda Equina = This nerves
roots + conus medularis +
filum terminale
( bundle )

19. Clinical Anatomy
Conus
Medularis
Syndrome
Cadua
Equina
Syndrome
Epidural
Hematoma
Subdural
Hematoma
Subarachnoid
Hematoma
Injury to S2,S3,S4 spinal
segment --- Anaesthesia in
Perineum . Sexual Fx
effected --- lower bowel and
bladder dysfunction
Injury to Cauda inguina .
Maybe due to compression.
Leads to Lower Motor
Neurone type of paralysis---
Anaesthesia to lower
extremity

20. Dear
Lecturers
and
Friends
Reference
Sincere thanks to lecturers from Anatomy Department of IMS
– MSU , Shah Alam. Each of you have helped me a lot by
explaining the concepts and guided my presentation too.
Thank you 
Dr Mannah – Dr Venu – Dr Gargi – Dr Thim – Dr Ravi
Gratitude