The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Sustainable Infrastructural Development in Africa: The Build Operate and Tran...AJHSSR Journal
The build, operate and transfer (BOT) investment model can be advantageously adopted in Nigeria in
ensuring the rehabilitation of the decaying and obsolete electricity infrastructure in the country as low electricity
generation and consumption has serious negative implications on both the households and economic activities in
the economy. Thus, the objective of the paper is to interrogate the existing electricity infrastructure in Nigeria
and advocate for a form of private investment model. Using qualitative method and documentary evidence
predicted on the public-private partnership model, the study found that electricity infrastructure in Nigeria is
obsolete and inadequate. Power generation in Nigeria compared to other leading economies in Africa is
abysmally low due to lack of adequate investment in the sector. The BOT investment model has been used
successfully to build and maintain cost-intensive infrastructures like the power plants, highways, railways,
airports, etc in both developed and developing countries of the world; as seen in China, India, Pakistan,
Philippine, South Africa, Ghana, etc. Thus, the paper submits that the BOT alternative should be adopted to
address the power sector menace in the country.
Abstract
Frequent power outages arising from poor state of electricity infrastructure is hindering Nigeria’s socio-economic growth. Port Harcourt is one of the foremost cities in Nigeria where business and social activities are becoming rapidly more dependent on electricity. Any power outage, even of the shortest duration, in Port Harcourt City has severe socio-economic impacts and there is no likelihood that the phenomenon would abate even in the nearest future. This research investigated the causes of incessant power outages in Port Harcourt City and suggested remedial measures to reverse the trend. The researcher relied on data personally collected from primary sources through personal observations, interviews and discussions with residents of the city and from secondary sources such as the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) and current scholarly literature relating to this research, over a period of twelve months. The study used a descriptive and the non-parametric simple percentages technique in analysing the data so collected and in drawing conclusions. It was found that inadequate power generating capacity, shortage of gas, weak and dilapidated electrical transmission and distribution network, inadequate power infrastructure facilities, etc. are the chief causes of incessant power outages in the Port Harcourt metropolis. The paper recommends, among others, immediate upgrade of existing power infrastructure facilities, review of government policy on domestic gas supply and stiff statutory legislation on vandalism as measures to stabilise electricity supply in the Port Harcourt city.
Assessment of Energy Losses and Cost Implications in the Nigerian Distributio...Dr. Hachimenum Amadi
Energy shortages is the major challenge facing the industrial sector in Nigeria. This paper assessed the energy shortages due to technical losses in the Nigerian distribution network and the cost implications. The study was carried out based on network data collected over the period 2011-2015 from three electricity distribution companies (DisCos) drawn from the three major industrial cities of Nigeria. These data were simulated on the Electrical Transient Analysis program (ETAP) Version 12.6. The calculated energy losses for these cities for the said period are 108,959.87 MWH, 149,256 MWH and 72,743.08 MWH respectively. The corresponding revenue losses are N2,434,164,012, N3,538,754,758.8 and N1,699,751,530.1 respectively. The paper suggested remedial measures to reduce energy losses, mitigate losses arising from unannounced electricity cuts as well as achieve a more efficient and reliable electricity distribution network. The outcome of this research provides a data bank for policy makers and future researchers in the areas of electricity generation, transmission and distribution.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Sustainable Infrastructural Development in Africa: The Build Operate and Tran...AJHSSR Journal
The build, operate and transfer (BOT) investment model can be advantageously adopted in Nigeria in
ensuring the rehabilitation of the decaying and obsolete electricity infrastructure in the country as low electricity
generation and consumption has serious negative implications on both the households and economic activities in
the economy. Thus, the objective of the paper is to interrogate the existing electricity infrastructure in Nigeria
and advocate for a form of private investment model. Using qualitative method and documentary evidence
predicted on the public-private partnership model, the study found that electricity infrastructure in Nigeria is
obsolete and inadequate. Power generation in Nigeria compared to other leading economies in Africa is
abysmally low due to lack of adequate investment in the sector. The BOT investment model has been used
successfully to build and maintain cost-intensive infrastructures like the power plants, highways, railways,
airports, etc in both developed and developing countries of the world; as seen in China, India, Pakistan,
Philippine, South Africa, Ghana, etc. Thus, the paper submits that the BOT alternative should be adopted to
address the power sector menace in the country.
Abstract
Frequent power outages arising from poor state of electricity infrastructure is hindering Nigeria’s socio-economic growth. Port Harcourt is one of the foremost cities in Nigeria where business and social activities are becoming rapidly more dependent on electricity. Any power outage, even of the shortest duration, in Port Harcourt City has severe socio-economic impacts and there is no likelihood that the phenomenon would abate even in the nearest future. This research investigated the causes of incessant power outages in Port Harcourt City and suggested remedial measures to reverse the trend. The researcher relied on data personally collected from primary sources through personal observations, interviews and discussions with residents of the city and from secondary sources such as the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) and current scholarly literature relating to this research, over a period of twelve months. The study used a descriptive and the non-parametric simple percentages technique in analysing the data so collected and in drawing conclusions. It was found that inadequate power generating capacity, shortage of gas, weak and dilapidated electrical transmission and distribution network, inadequate power infrastructure facilities, etc. are the chief causes of incessant power outages in the Port Harcourt metropolis. The paper recommends, among others, immediate upgrade of existing power infrastructure facilities, review of government policy on domestic gas supply and stiff statutory legislation on vandalism as measures to stabilise electricity supply in the Port Harcourt city.
Assessment of Energy Losses and Cost Implications in the Nigerian Distributio...Dr. Hachimenum Amadi
Energy shortages is the major challenge facing the industrial sector in Nigeria. This paper assessed the energy shortages due to technical losses in the Nigerian distribution network and the cost implications. The study was carried out based on network data collected over the period 2011-2015 from three electricity distribution companies (DisCos) drawn from the three major industrial cities of Nigeria. These data were simulated on the Electrical Transient Analysis program (ETAP) Version 12.6. The calculated energy losses for these cities for the said period are 108,959.87 MWH, 149,256 MWH and 72,743.08 MWH respectively. The corresponding revenue losses are N2,434,164,012, N3,538,754,758.8 and N1,699,751,530.1 respectively. The paper suggested remedial measures to reduce energy losses, mitigate losses arising from unannounced electricity cuts as well as achieve a more efficient and reliable electricity distribution network. The outcome of this research provides a data bank for policy makers and future researchers in the areas of electricity generation, transmission and distribution.
An Examination of the Impact of Power Sector Reform on Manufacturing and Serv...IJAAS Team
The main objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of Power Sector Reform on Manufacturing and Services Sector in Nigeria between 1999-2016. The study employed secondary annual time series data sourced from World Bank database (2016). The methodology adopted for the study was Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF); a test for long-run relationship using ARDL Bounds Testing approach with analysis of long-run and shortrun dynamics in the model. A striking revelation from the study is the inverse relationship that exists between manufacturing output and electricity consumption in Nigeria within the period referenced. This negative relationship is not unconnected with widespread allegation of misappropriation of budgeted funds for the Power Sector by successive administrations in Nigeria since 1999. It must be stated in clear terms that constant and consistent electricity generation, transmission and distribution is sine-qua-none for the growth of the national economy. Virtually all sectors of the economy depend on the supply of electricity to do business and so the lack of this vital ingredient of growth contributes in no small measure in stagnating economic growth and development. Efforts at reforming the power sector can only be fruitful when ALL stakeholders in the power sector including the political class put away their personal agendas and take the bull by the horn towards rescuing the nation from the looming danger of stagnant economic growth. Furthermore, there is the need for the Nigerian government to come up with new, better and alternative ways of improving energy generation and supply, as well as proper maintenance of electricity infrastructure in the country.
The energy access dividend in honduras and haitiStanleylucas
This report presents results of the EAD model for Haiti and Honduras, two countries that represent different electricity access situations in Latin America. In both settings, energy poverty continues to pose important challenges, but the nature of the problem is quite diffe- rent. Haiti has the lowest rates of electricity access in the Western Hemisphere, while Hondu- ras has much higher connection rates but still faces problems related to last mile connections and electricity quality. The contrasting nature of the challenge in these two settings provide a useful comparison that also helps to better demonstrate the value of EAD in policyma- king. Furthermore, as data availability differs substantially between the two countries, this report illustrates how detailed household-level survey data can be a powerful addition to national-level statistics by demonstrating how bene ts accrue in different ways to different populations within a country. Designed as a tool for policy planning, the dividends presen- ted in this report for Haiti and Honduras are intended to highlight the role of electri cation in economic development and offer policymakers a framework for including electri cation trade-offs—in terms of technology, pace, and level—in policy planning and design.
The Impact of Working Capital Management in Enhancing Profitability in the El...Premier Publishers
The study was focused on the significance of working capital management in enhancing profitability in the electricity distribution sector in Zimbabwe because the sector has been underperforming and facing mounting debts. Thus, positivism philosophy and a case study design were used to collect data, in addition to questionnaires and focus groups. Whilst, descriptive analysis was used to measure central tendency and variability, and this included arithmetic means, variances and standard deviations. Consequently, the study established that working capital management is significant to the electricity distribution sector in Zimbabwe because it improves profitability, enhances value creation and growth. Thus, this is expected to enable the sector to make critical infrastructural and technological investments in order to contain the surging electricity demand. In addition, it was established that profit maximisation through working capital management will enable the Zimbabwean electricity distribution industry to maximize shareholders’ wealth, as a result attracting more investors in this highly capital intensive sector thus, reducing dependence on expensive debt financing. Accordingly, the study concludes by stressing that working capital management guarantees business survival and continuity and this have a domino effect on the alleviation of power shortages in Zimbabwe as well as energizing the entire economy.
Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in haryanaSubmissionResearchpa
In this paper, a discussion has been made about the current contemporary issues and challenges of the power sector in Haryana. The issues related to tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints & NPA, capacity constraints, and aggregate technical and commercial losses are discussed. The Haryana Power Utilities (HPUs) are required to be changed adequately from substantial losses to the sound profits by taking legitimate activities for improving the financial efficiencies, and technical performance by Kamaljit Singh and Jasvinder Kaur 2020. Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in haryana. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 132-135. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.547 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/547/523 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/547
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 0.5 KW SOLAR TREE FOR POWERING FARM SETTLEMENTSIAEME Publication
Nigeria is a country faced with great challenges in the power sector. This is as a
result of inadequate administrative and technical efforts in handling issues in this
sector. Aforetime, the country has solely depended on grid electricity generation
which has proven to be unstable for several decades. These and others, has made it
imperative to introduce the use of renewable energy in addressing some of the
electricity challenges facing the country. The sources of renewable energy which
could serve as an alternative source of power include wind, solar, and biogas. These
can also be combined together as an entity to form a hybrid renewable energy source.
In this paper, a solar tree was designed and constructed to provide an alternative
supply of electricity to farm settlements in Nigeria. This is achieved by generating
electricity from a single or multiple number of solar panels connected with a charge
controller, a battery bank for storage and an inverter circuit to supply electrical
power. Depending on the electrical load demand and the applications coverage area,
the solar tree rating and specification can be a single-phase or three-phase AC output
Indian Power Sector - Industry AnalysisArjun Yadav
The power sector in India has entered into the growth stage since 2003. With a production of 1,006 TWh, India is the fifth largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world after Russia. The sector is also witnessing robust growth in renewable sources of energy with wind and solar energy estimated to contribute 15GW and 10GW respectively, during the next five year plan. The government passed the National Tariff Policy in 2006 that ensured adequate ROI to companies engaged in power generation, transmission and distribution and assured the consumers affordable rates.
Promoting Massive Renewable Energy (RE) Projects
towards achieving Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Taiwo Benjamin
Carleton University, Canada
Presented at #naee2015
Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in HaryanaSubmissionResearchpa
In this paper, a discussion has been made about the current contemporary issues and challenges of the power sector in Haryana. The issues related to tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints & NPA, capacity constraints, and aggregate technical and commercial losses are discussed. The Haryana Power Utilities (HPUs) are required to be changed adequately from substantial losses to the sound profits by taking legitimate activities for improving the financial efficiencies, and technical performance by Kamaljit Singh and Jasvinder Kaur 2020. Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in Haryana. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 12-14. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.653 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/653/617 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/653
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA, A...IAEME Publication
This research focus on a recent review of the techno economic study of coal fired power plant in south east Nigeria, its application, effects and suggestion in processing the coal and safeguard the atmosphere. Electricity crisis in Nigeria and power reform in the sector is analyzed to determine another source of electricity generation in the country. To recognize the fact that coal is one of the mostly available sources of energy than oil and natural gas. Furthermore, Coal production in different countries and environmental impacts enables us to forge ahead in generating electricity through coal processing. Finally, economic evaluation of the plant will boost coal fired power plant in south east Nigeria.
Nepal Development conference 4
Trade and Investment
Embassy of Nepal
&
Britain Nepal Chamber of Commerce (BNCC) on 13th November 2018
At Nepal Embassy London, W8 4QU
With a production of 1,006 Terawatt Hours (TWh), India is the fifth largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world. Over FY07-13, the production has expanded at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5 per cent.
Multiple drivers (industrial expansion, growing per-capita incomes) are leading to growth in power demand; this is set to continue in the coming years. Power consumption is estimated to increase from 821.2 TWh in 2013 to 1,433.2 TWh by 2022.
Power is one of the key sectors attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into India. Total FDI inflows in the sector has touched US$ 7.8 billion during April 2000-March 2013, accounting for 4 per cent of total FDI inflow in India. Major investments earmarked by public as well as private sector companies across the value chain.
The National Tariff Policy (2006) has ensured adequate return on investment to companies engaged in power generation, transmission and distribution and assured electricity to end-users at affordable and competitive rates. The government has also launched of Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) scheme through tariff-based competitive bidding. The Government of India targets capacity addition of 89 GW under the 12th Five-Year Plan (2012–17) and around 100 GW under the 13th Five-Year Plan (2017–22). Investments of around US$ 223.9 billion are planned for the power sector during the 12th Plan Five-Year Plan (2012-17).
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
An Examination of the Impact of Power Sector Reform on Manufacturing and Serv...IJAAS Team
The main objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of Power Sector Reform on Manufacturing and Services Sector in Nigeria between 1999-2016. The study employed secondary annual time series data sourced from World Bank database (2016). The methodology adopted for the study was Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF); a test for long-run relationship using ARDL Bounds Testing approach with analysis of long-run and shortrun dynamics in the model. A striking revelation from the study is the inverse relationship that exists between manufacturing output and electricity consumption in Nigeria within the period referenced. This negative relationship is not unconnected with widespread allegation of misappropriation of budgeted funds for the Power Sector by successive administrations in Nigeria since 1999. It must be stated in clear terms that constant and consistent electricity generation, transmission and distribution is sine-qua-none for the growth of the national economy. Virtually all sectors of the economy depend on the supply of electricity to do business and so the lack of this vital ingredient of growth contributes in no small measure in stagnating economic growth and development. Efforts at reforming the power sector can only be fruitful when ALL stakeholders in the power sector including the political class put away their personal agendas and take the bull by the horn towards rescuing the nation from the looming danger of stagnant economic growth. Furthermore, there is the need for the Nigerian government to come up with new, better and alternative ways of improving energy generation and supply, as well as proper maintenance of electricity infrastructure in the country.
The energy access dividend in honduras and haitiStanleylucas
This report presents results of the EAD model for Haiti and Honduras, two countries that represent different electricity access situations in Latin America. In both settings, energy poverty continues to pose important challenges, but the nature of the problem is quite diffe- rent. Haiti has the lowest rates of electricity access in the Western Hemisphere, while Hondu- ras has much higher connection rates but still faces problems related to last mile connections and electricity quality. The contrasting nature of the challenge in these two settings provide a useful comparison that also helps to better demonstrate the value of EAD in policyma- king. Furthermore, as data availability differs substantially between the two countries, this report illustrates how detailed household-level survey data can be a powerful addition to national-level statistics by demonstrating how bene ts accrue in different ways to different populations within a country. Designed as a tool for policy planning, the dividends presen- ted in this report for Haiti and Honduras are intended to highlight the role of electri cation in economic development and offer policymakers a framework for including electri cation trade-offs—in terms of technology, pace, and level—in policy planning and design.
The Impact of Working Capital Management in Enhancing Profitability in the El...Premier Publishers
The study was focused on the significance of working capital management in enhancing profitability in the electricity distribution sector in Zimbabwe because the sector has been underperforming and facing mounting debts. Thus, positivism philosophy and a case study design were used to collect data, in addition to questionnaires and focus groups. Whilst, descriptive analysis was used to measure central tendency and variability, and this included arithmetic means, variances and standard deviations. Consequently, the study established that working capital management is significant to the electricity distribution sector in Zimbabwe because it improves profitability, enhances value creation and growth. Thus, this is expected to enable the sector to make critical infrastructural and technological investments in order to contain the surging electricity demand. In addition, it was established that profit maximisation through working capital management will enable the Zimbabwean electricity distribution industry to maximize shareholders’ wealth, as a result attracting more investors in this highly capital intensive sector thus, reducing dependence on expensive debt financing. Accordingly, the study concludes by stressing that working capital management guarantees business survival and continuity and this have a domino effect on the alleviation of power shortages in Zimbabwe as well as energizing the entire economy.
Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in haryanaSubmissionResearchpa
In this paper, a discussion has been made about the current contemporary issues and challenges of the power sector in Haryana. The issues related to tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints & NPA, capacity constraints, and aggregate technical and commercial losses are discussed. The Haryana Power Utilities (HPUs) are required to be changed adequately from substantial losses to the sound profits by taking legitimate activities for improving the financial efficiencies, and technical performance by Kamaljit Singh and Jasvinder Kaur 2020. Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in haryana. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 132-135. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.547 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/547/523 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/547
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 0.5 KW SOLAR TREE FOR POWERING FARM SETTLEMENTSIAEME Publication
Nigeria is a country faced with great challenges in the power sector. This is as a
result of inadequate administrative and technical efforts in handling issues in this
sector. Aforetime, the country has solely depended on grid electricity generation
which has proven to be unstable for several decades. These and others, has made it
imperative to introduce the use of renewable energy in addressing some of the
electricity challenges facing the country. The sources of renewable energy which
could serve as an alternative source of power include wind, solar, and biogas. These
can also be combined together as an entity to form a hybrid renewable energy source.
In this paper, a solar tree was designed and constructed to provide an alternative
supply of electricity to farm settlements in Nigeria. This is achieved by generating
electricity from a single or multiple number of solar panels connected with a charge
controller, a battery bank for storage and an inverter circuit to supply electrical
power. Depending on the electrical load demand and the applications coverage area,
the solar tree rating and specification can be a single-phase or three-phase AC output
Indian Power Sector - Industry AnalysisArjun Yadav
The power sector in India has entered into the growth stage since 2003. With a production of 1,006 TWh, India is the fifth largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world after Russia. The sector is also witnessing robust growth in renewable sources of energy with wind and solar energy estimated to contribute 15GW and 10GW respectively, during the next five year plan. The government passed the National Tariff Policy in 2006 that ensured adequate ROI to companies engaged in power generation, transmission and distribution and assured the consumers affordable rates.
Promoting Massive Renewable Energy (RE) Projects
towards achieving Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Taiwo Benjamin
Carleton University, Canada
Presented at #naee2015
Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in HaryanaSubmissionResearchpa
In this paper, a discussion has been made about the current contemporary issues and challenges of the power sector in Haryana. The issues related to tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints & NPA, capacity constraints, and aggregate technical and commercial losses are discussed. The Haryana Power Utilities (HPUs) are required to be changed adequately from substantial losses to the sound profits by taking legitimate activities for improving the financial efficiencies, and technical performance by Kamaljit Singh and Jasvinder Kaur 2020. Contemporary issues and challenges of power sector in Haryana. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 12-14. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.653 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/653/617 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/653
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA, A...IAEME Publication
This research focus on a recent review of the techno economic study of coal fired power plant in south east Nigeria, its application, effects and suggestion in processing the coal and safeguard the atmosphere. Electricity crisis in Nigeria and power reform in the sector is analyzed to determine another source of electricity generation in the country. To recognize the fact that coal is one of the mostly available sources of energy than oil and natural gas. Furthermore, Coal production in different countries and environmental impacts enables us to forge ahead in generating electricity through coal processing. Finally, economic evaluation of the plant will boost coal fired power plant in south east Nigeria.
Nepal Development conference 4
Trade and Investment
Embassy of Nepal
&
Britain Nepal Chamber of Commerce (BNCC) on 13th November 2018
At Nepal Embassy London, W8 4QU
With a production of 1,006 Terawatt Hours (TWh), India is the fifth largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world. Over FY07-13, the production has expanded at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5 per cent.
Multiple drivers (industrial expansion, growing per-capita incomes) are leading to growth in power demand; this is set to continue in the coming years. Power consumption is estimated to increase from 821.2 TWh in 2013 to 1,433.2 TWh by 2022.
Power is one of the key sectors attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into India. Total FDI inflows in the sector has touched US$ 7.8 billion during April 2000-March 2013, accounting for 4 per cent of total FDI inflow in India. Major investments earmarked by public as well as private sector companies across the value chain.
The National Tariff Policy (2006) has ensured adequate return on investment to companies engaged in power generation, transmission and distribution and assured electricity to end-users at affordable and competitive rates. The government has also launched of Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) scheme through tariff-based competitive bidding. The Government of India targets capacity addition of 89 GW under the 12th Five-Year Plan (2012–17) and around 100 GW under the 13th Five-Year Plan (2017–22). Investments of around US$ 223.9 billion are planned for the power sector during the 12th Plan Five-Year Plan (2012-17).
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The Effect of Electricity Supply on the Performance of Small and Medium-Scale...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
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The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Analysis of grid connected independent power plant capabilities on electricit...Najeem Olawale Adelakun
At the core of any meaningful economic activity is electric power. Absence or inadequacy of it in a nation
stalls development in that nation. In Nigeria, there is a wide gap between forecast power and actual
power generation needed for productive endeavours. For instance in July 2017, the generation peak load
forecast was 14190MW while the actual generation peak load was 4567MW. In July 2018 it was again
14190MW (forecast) but 5110MW (actual). This paper uses descriptive statistics to analyse Independent
Power Plant (IPP) capabilities spread across ten years (2009-2018). The results show that there is need
to encourage more private investors to build additional IPPs in order to increase adequate power
generation in Nigeria – especially in post-COVID-19 socio-economic crisis. Consequently, it is expected
that the wide gap between generation peak load peak load forecast and actual peak load would be
narrowed.
Performance investigation of electricial power supply to owerri for higher pr...eSAT Journals
Abstract
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Presently, there is rapid growth in Technology advancement. Developed countries are searching for new alternative energy sources to minimize the pressure on natural sources like gas, uranium, oil, coal, etc. However, natural sources of energy are inadequate and expensive, which also contributed heavily to greenhouse gas emissions. Developing countries like Nigeria are also trying to exploit different renewable energy sources like solar energy, hydropower, wind energy, bioenergy, etc. to accomplish their increasing demand and also to eradicate the energy crisis Nigeria has been experiencing due to insufficient electricity generation. This paper analyses the importance of renewable sources, the challenges and the benefits. This paper also analyses how renewable energy can be accepted as a perfect solution for economic development.
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NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
|| Volume || 3 || Issue || 6 || Pages || 57-60 || 2014 ||
ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 57
Erratic Power Supply and Socio- Economic Development in Ado-
Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Adeoye. O .S 1
and Titiloye. S. O 2
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti. Nigeria.1
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bida. Nigeria.2
--------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------
This paper appraises the structure of power supply in Nigeria. Data were sourced through the conduct of
interview with electricity consumers and the use of questionnaires for selected areas of Ado-Ekiti in order to
determine the level of power supply in one year (2012). The frequency of power outages for the areas under
consideration was determined and the effects of constant power failure on the socio-economic development of
the metropolis were adequately assessed. Recommendations were made to proffer solution to erratic power
supply in the metropolis with a view of improving the level of power supply.
KEYWORDS: Development, Erratic, Outage, Power, Supply
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Submission: 01 April 2014 Date of Publication: 25 June 2014
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
Power supply in Nigeria at the moment is faced with many challenges and this had ravaged the country
with slow pace of development. The components of power supply universally are the generating stations, the
transmission system and the distribution networks (Adeoye etal, 2012). The bulk electric power is produced by
special plants known as generating stations (Metha, 2005). A generating station employs a prime mover
coupled to an alternator for the production of electric power. The form of energy is converted into electrical
energy depending on the type of generating station. Today, the world has moved to a level by which the
environmental pollution through CO2 emission from the conventional generating stations is discouraged. The
use of renewable energy is the solution to power shortage in most developed nations of the world in recent
years. Transmission lines have three constants, resistance, inductance and capacitance which are distributed
uniformly along the whole length of the line (Metha, 2005). The overhead lines are classified into short,
medium and long transmission lines depending on their voltage level and span. The part of power which
distributes electric power for local use is called the distribution system. Distribution system is classified based
on the nature of current, types of construction and scheme of connection. The hydropower in Nigeria and
thermal generating stations are incapable to generate the required power to sufficiently feed the domestic,
commercial and industrial demand of the country. The population of Nigeria is 140,003,544 with the estimated
power demand of the country as 13,160.33W. It is obvious that the country needs to generate about 15,000MW
to meet up with the growing population and power demand required for socio economic development (Adeoye
etal, 2011). The present power generation is 4439.5MW with Lagos taking about 1,124MW which represents
25.32% of the total power generated in the country (The Nation, 2012). The distribution system has the major
challenges ranging from inadequate transformers capacity, maintenance, and low current densities for
conductors and cross sectional areas, improper planning, problems of power supply authorities, and
staffing. Nigeria has an installed capacity of 8,644MW of which 6,905MW is government owned. The
population of the country has increased to about 150 million with an average GDP growth rate of 6.66%.
25,561MW will be required in the next 9 years to meet demand by vision20: 2020 target (Presidential
Taskforce on Power, 2011).
A study on power supply on Ado -Ekiti showed that women whose age ranges from 18 -29 and their
men counterpart had 67% access to electricity (Adeoye etal, 2013).
Successive Governments have tried to improve power supply over the past few decades. Trillions of
Naira had been spent but little had been achieved. The problems are inadequacy of past policies and their poor
implementations. Others are: High capital, intensive nature of power sector projects; inadequate power
generation capacity of a peak value of about 4300MW; the use of older power plants; vandalisation of existing
power infrastructure; gas supply constraints; inadequate maintenance of equipments; dearth of skilled
manpower; dependence on imports of parts; and foreign experts to effect repairs and overhaul.
2. Erratic Power Supply and Socio- Economic Development in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 58
(http://www.power.gov.ng/index).
The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria indicated that capacity utilisation which was recently at a
disturbingly low level of 35 percent has plunged further to 27 percent as a result of inadequate and erratic power
supply. A grossly inefficient fuel distribution system compounds the power problem for all economic operators.
Service organisations are losing man hours and business opportunities while operational costs are escalating.
Energy experts noted that the energy crisis adds at least 40 percent to the cost of doing business in Nigeria. This
makes the cost of production very high and renders Nigerian made goods uncompetitive in both the local and
international market place. Data from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Agency indicates that Nigerians spend
around N797 billion yearly to buy fuel for powering their generators. A sum N540.9 billion goes into
purchasing diesel while N255 billion go into petrol(http://www.nigerianoilgas.com, 2010).
Over the year, the nation’s power sector has been be-devilled by managerial inefficiencies and leakages, lack of
transmission, efficient investment in generation, distribution, and continued increase in load demand. With
Nigeria on the quest to become one of the 20 leading economies by 2020, fast tracking the nation’s electricity
needs is critical for industrialisation.
The growth of any nation is critically dependent on the sufficiency of its electricity supply industry.
However, the development of the various sectors of the economy, such as industry, agriculture, health,
education, tourism, etc, depends heavily on reliable, adequateandeconomicallypricedpower
(http://www.businessdayonline.com March, 2012).
Electricity generation, transmission and distribution have been faced with many challenges. The erratic power
supply experienced has been a source of concern for individuals, businesses and investors and has hampered the
economic growth of the nation. In most urban areas, power supply is a privilege that should be enjoyed when
available but should not be expected to last for long. While in some rural areas and new communities, power
supply is very erratic and cannot be hoped for rapid improvement at the moment. Energy is central to improved
social and economic well-being and indispensable to most industrial and commercial wealth generation,
analysts, stakeholders and well meaning Nigerians believe that for the nation to become one of the twenty most
developed countries by 2020, the country would require adequate and reliable energy services at affordable
costs in a secure and reliable energy services at affordable-costs. (http://www.businessdayonline. 26 March ,
2012 ).
Sequel to the fact that only 40 % of Nigerians enjoyed electricity supply, most Companies had been
driven out of the country. The epileptic electricity supply in spite of huge investment by the Federal
Government cannot be dissociated from the Management of the defunct Power Holding Company of Nigeria.
(New Agency of Nigeria, retrieved from http://www.nanngronline.com, 28th
Nov, 2013). Erratic delivery of
power supply for domestic and industrial use is dependent on the low level of water in some power plants and
shortage of gas supply, inadequate human capacity and insufficient system synergy (Vanguard Newspaper,
retrieved from http://www.vanguardngr.com, 1st
May,2012).
Nigeria’s power sector is credited with high energy loss of 30-50% from generation to billing, a low revenue
collection rate of 75-80%. This inefficiencies result in low access to electricity by the largest part of the
population (http://blueprinting.com/2012).
Methodology: The method employed in this research is the use of questionnaires and direct interview with the
residents. Selected areas in Ado-Ekiti metropolis such as Adebayo, Ekute Quarters and Omisanjana were visited
in order to assess the level of their supply of power and frequency of outages in one year (January-December
,2012). Omisajana and Ekute were selected as residential areas with a population of over 10,000 and 12,000
residents respectively (estimate). Adebayo was selected as another area being both residential and commercial
part of the state with a population of about 50,000 people (estimate). Adebayo area is an area where the
residents are Students, families and artisans. Simple mathematical approach was used to assess the level of
incessant power supply in these areas. Recommendations were made with a view of minimising the present
erratic power supply in the country. The simple mathematical equations were used to assess the frequency (%)
of power supply per person and the selected people of such areas that were interviewed. The equations are stated
as in equations 1.1 and 1.2. The rate of power outages were determined as inverse of the frequency of power
supply (%) as stated in equation 1.3.
...............1.1
..................1.2
...........1.3
3. Erratic Power Supply and Socio- Economic Development in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 59
Discussion: The study shows that the state of power supply in the country is devastating. Most streets
in the selected areas of Ado-Ekiti are suffering from in-adequate power supply due to low power allocation,
planning deficiencies from the power authority, inadequate capacity of transformers, poor voltage regulation,
cable undersize, and lack of maintenance of transformer substations. The effects of the incessant power failure
are numerous ranging from waste of resources, productive deficiencies, insecurity and slow rate of development.
It was observed that the 132/33 kV has not been adequately utilised. 200 questionnaires were distributed and
only 180 were returned which represents 90%. 70, 75 and 55 people were interviewed from Omisanjana,
Adebayo and Ekute Quarters respectively. 60, 70 and 50 out of questionnaires were returned for analysis. The
respondents at Adebayo who were students and other residents believed that the level of power supply in the
area is grossly inadequate. They complained that power supply to the area could be guaranteed from 11p.m to
4a.m of each day of the week. This signifies 5 hours a day, 35 hours in a week, 140 hours in a month and 1820
hours in a year signifying 20.78 % supply of power throughout the year as shown in Table 1 and fig.1.
Commercial activities in the area are usually paralysed during the day. This had forced residents and traders to
purchase generators. Not only that, they need to buy petrol or diesel and carry out maintenance on the mechano-
electrical device on constant basis. This is a set back for the metropolis because the amount to carry out the
maintenance is uneconomical which could be invested on the socio –economic development of Ado-Ekiti.
Omisanjana residents stated that the state of power supply was fairly encouraging based on the fact that power
supply is made available for 5 days in a week for about 18hours per day due to constant load shedding in the
area. The implication is that in a year, the supply is for 4680 hours representing 53.42 % as shown in Table 1
and fig. 1 respectively. In Ekute area, most resident applauded the Power Holding Company of Nigeria sequel to
the fact that they usually enjoy power supply for about 20 hours in a day. This represents 7280 hours per year at
83.11% as shown in Table 1 and fig.1. The percentage power supply and outages are shown in Table 2 and fig.2
respectively. The average analysis of power supply to the three areas depict that power supply is 52.44% while
the frequency of power outage is 47.56%. The present power supply in Ado Ekiti can be used as an average of
approximately 52% power supply to residents and other commercial activities. This is a serious problem for the
country’s socio economic development. The hindrances to constant power supply are poor power allocation,
inadequate planning, and load shedding. It is sad that most Companies in the country today had migrated to
South Africa and Ghana due to erratic power supply. Examples of such are: Michelin, Dunlop, and PZ which
had skyrocketed the unemployment rate in the country. Some small and medium scale industries had closed
down. It is obvious that most residents in the metropolis make use of both petrol and diesel generators. The
premium motor spirit and auto mobile gas oil in Ado-Ekiti presently cost 110 and 160 naira respectively. Fuel
consumption for Ado Ekiti residents for a year domestically, commercially and industrially is several millions of
naira. This amount could have been invested into provision of infrastructural facilities such as roads, electricity
supply, drinkable water, agricultural development with a view of providing succour for the residents. The
wasted resources could also generate employment opportunities for the people.
Conclusion: The present power allocations, maintenance, conductor sizes, voltage regulations and adequate
planning should be properly scrutinized for adequate power supply to the country. The power supply in Ekiti in
spite of the present increase in the supply capacity is grossly inadequate due to the fact that the 132/33kV is yet
to be adequately utilised. It was established that the power supply level in Adebayo area was 1820 hours in a
year signifying 20.78 % supply throughout the year and about 79.22 % of the year is characterised with power
outage. In Omisanjana area, the power supply level was 4680 hours representing 53.42 % and 46.58 %
representing period of power outage in the area. It Should be noted that in Ekute area, the power supply was
7280 hours in a year representing 83.11 % while the power outage was only 16.89 %. The average power supply
to the areas under consideration was put at 52 %. The effective utilisation of the installed 132/33kV in the state
will at least provide between 70-75% power supply to the entire populace which will form an economic base for
the state. The farmlands in the rural areas of the state will have access to regular power supply so as to preserve
the agricultural produce and the industries would be able to transform raw materials to finished products.
Domestic consumers would be able to enjoy almost twenty-four hours supply in a day while artisans would also
access about 24 hrs supplies for productive service. Renewable energy would help the country to provide stable
power supply to meet up with domestic and commercial loads. The use of smart grids technologies and smart
grids metering will proffer solution to all technical and non technical losses in both transmission and distribution
lines.
1.7 Recommendations: The following recommendations were made in order to reduce the erratic power supply
in the country.
4. Erratic Power Supply and Socio- Economic Development in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 60
1. The power allocation to Ekiti should be increased.
2. Adequate planning should be put in place by the power authorities.
3. Good voltage regulating devices must be put in place.
4. Cable size for armoured and Aluminium conductors should be of the required standard.
5. Engineering maintenance of power facilities must be adequate.
6. Renewable energy should be used to boost the level of power supply in the state.
7. Smart grid technology should be incorporated.
8. Embedded Generation (EG) and Independent Electricity Distribution Network (IEDN) should be made
operational in the country.
9. The wasted resources being expended on purchase and maintenance of generating sets should be used to
generate employment opportunities for the people.
REFERENCES:
[1]. Adeoye, O.S, Bamisaye, A.J and Akinsaya, O.A (2011):Renewable Energy Sources for Economic Growth and Stability in
Nigeria (Power Demand and Supply as a Planning Scheme). 7TH
Engineering Forum, School of Engineering, Federal
Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, 2(1):199 -204.
[2]. Adeoye, O.S, Akinsanya, O.A and Alake, T.J (2012): Erratic Power Supply in Nigeria: Bane of Development (Ado-Ekiti as a
case study). 8TH
Engineering Forum, School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, 2(1):188-194.
[3]. Adeoye, O.S and Akinsanya, O.A (2013): Evaluation of Power Demand Capacity for Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria.
SEEM Research and Development Journal, 2(1):19-30.
[4]. Mehta, V.K and Mehta, R (2005) : Principles of Power System, S.Chand and Company Ltd, Ram Nagar, New Delhi -110 -
055.pp 228.
[5]. News Agency of Nigeria (2013). Retrieved 28th November, 2013, from nanngronline.com.
[6]. The Nation ((2012): Vol 7, No 2246, Wednesday, September 12, 2012. pp 1.
[7]. The-Business-day-online-(2012). Retrieved-8th-
March-,2012-from
http//www.power.gov.ng/index.
[8]. Presidential Task force on Power Supply in Nigeria(2011)
[9]. Vanguard Newspaper(2012): Retrieved 1st
May,2012.
[10]. http:www.blueprinting.com, Retrieved November, 2012.
[11]. http//:www.businessdayonline.com, Retrieved on 26th
March,2012.
[12]. http://ww.nigerianoilgas.com retrieved in 2010.
Fig.1: Power supply (hours) to the Areas in Ado - Ekiti
5. Erratic Power Supply and Socio- Economic Development in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 61
Fig. 2 Percentage power supply and outage for selected Areas in Ado - Ekiti
Table 1: Power Supply to selected areas in Ado- Ekiti
S/N Areas Daily
(hrs)
Weekly
(hrs)
Monthly
(hrs)
Annual
(hrs)
1. Adebayo 5 35 140 1820
2. Omisanjana 18 90 360 4680
3. Ekute 20 140 560 7280
Table 2: Percentage power supply and outage to Areas in Ado-Ekiti
S/
N
Areas Annual
Supply (%)
Annual
Outage (%)
1. Adebayo 20.78 79.22
2. Omisanjana 53.42 46.58
3. Ekute 83.11 16.89