The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 223.625 GW as of 2013, the fifth largest in the world. However, India faces regular shortages of electricity due to a growing demand that outstrips supply. Demand for electricity far exceeded availability during 2010-2011, with a base load deficit of 8.5% and peak deficit of 9.8%. Key reasons for the shortage include high transmission and distribution losses, insufficient production to meet rising demand from economic and population growth, and issues acquiring land and resources to expand power infrastructure.

1. ELECTRIC SHORTAGE IN INDIA
Submitted By:
 Anoop Mishra
(12201005)
 Chandra Prakash
(12201011)
 Liza Bariha
(12201020)
 Sudhir Kumar
(12201038)

2. The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 223.625 GW as
of April 2013,the world's fifth largest.
 Captive power plants generate an additional 34.444 GW.
 Non Renewable Power Plants constitute 87.55% of the installed capacity
and 12.45% of Renewable Capacity.
 Installed electricity capacity:-
 Coal-fired plants account for 57% .
 Hydro plant accounts for 19%,
 renewable energy for 12% .
 natural gas for about 9%.
 Others 3%
 Per capita average annual consumption in India - 96 kWh in rural areas
& 288 kWh in urban areas
 Worldwide per capita annual average consumption - 2600 kWh
 India -world's fourth largest energy consumer after United States, China
and Russia.
Current scenario

3.  Total generation
capacity in India:
181,558 MW
 State contribution:
83,314 MW
 Central contribution:
56,573 MW
 Private Sector : 41,672
MW
Current scenario

4.  India mainly depend upon
the Thermal power plants
(55 %) for Electricity
generation.
 Hydropower plant , second
largest generating capacity
for Electricity .
 Gas power plant
accounting 10 % for
Electricity generations .
All India Installed Generating Capacity

5. Per-capita consumption
in states of India
STATES/UT KWH
1. Daman & N
Haveli
11863.64
2. Goa 2263.63
3.Pondicherry 1711.54
4. Delhi 1654.28
5. Gujarat 1615.21
India average per capita
consumption :
771.23 kwh
GROWTH OFALL INDIA TOTAL ELECTRICITY
CONSUMPTION

6. SECTORS PROBLEMS MAJOR AREAS
Industrial & Commercial
Sectors
1. Install own power
back-up, increased
their cost of
production & also
increased operation
expenses .
2. diesel demand
increases imports ,
which in turn
increases current
account deficit
Medical , hospital ,
schools , stations ,
Transportation &
factories
Domestic Sectors Regular routine disrupt Household’s (Rural &
Urban)
Agriculture Sectors increased cost of
production, Indebtness
Irrigation , Harvesting
Effects of Electricity shortage

7. Trend Analysis
2005-06 to 2010-11

8. Trend Analysis
 During the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped
availability. Both in terms of base load energy and peak availability.
 Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355
MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against
availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall.
 In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus
state.

9. Trend Analysis
 80% of Indian villages have at least an electricity line.
 Just 52.5% of rural households have access to electricity.
 In urban areas, the access to electricity is 93.1%.
 The overall electrification rate in India is 64.5% while 35.5% of
the population still live without access to electricity.

10. Trend Analysis
 During the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped
availability. Both in terms of base load energy and peak availability.
 Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355
MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against
availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall.
 In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus
state.

11. Trend Analysis
 Electricity is the main source of lighting for 53% of rural households
compared to 36% in 1993.
 The electrical energy demand for 2016–17 is expected to be at least
1392 Tera Watt Hours, with a peak electric demand of 218 GW.
 The electrical energy demand for 2021–22 is expected to be at least
1915 Tera Watt Hours, with a peak electric demand of 298 GW.

12. Reason of Increasing Demand
 India's manufacturing sector is likely to grow faster than in the past.
 Domestic demand will increase more rapidly as the quality of life for
more Indians improve.
 About 125,000 villages are likely to get connected to India's
electricity grid.
 Currently blackouts and load shedding artificially suppresses
demand.
 Transportation.
 Increasing Population.
 Agriculture.

13. Causes of Power Shortage
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Transmission & distribution Factor
 India's T&D network losses exceeded 32% in 2010.
 Technical losses like faulty meters are about 15% to 20%
that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to
reduced payment collection.
 Non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines.
Supply Factor

14. Production factor
 India's electricity sector consumes about 80% of the coal
produced in the country
 A large part of Indian coal reserve is of low calorific value and
high ash content.
 India's coal supply consume about 0.7 kg of coal to generate a
kWh, whereas United States thermal power plants consume about
0.45 kg of coal per kWh
 Lack of initiative to develop large coal and natural gas resources
present in India
 Land acquisition, environmental clearances at state and central
government level.
 Unskilled manpower Facing problem in operating latest
technology plants
Causes of Power Shortage

15.  http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/site/home.aspx.
http://www.cea.nic.in/
http://powermin.nic.in/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Power_(India)
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