ISPAGHULA/ ISHABGULA- Plantago ovata
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In this power point presentation you will come to know about ISHABGULA/ plantago ovata, that is one of the carbohydrates containing crud drugs. This is becomes important since it is MUCILAGINOUS containing seeds . Here the synonyms, biological sources (different species), geographical sources (what are the countries where it can be collected) and methods to collect has been discussed in brief. Video link : https://youtu.be/rgb6BPbBxUg Portion explained: 1. Synonyms of Ishabgula 2. Biological Sources of Ishabgula 3. Geographical Sources of Ishabgula 4. Cultivation and Collection of Ishabgula 5. Chemical Constituents of Ishabgula 6. Chemical Test of Ishabgula 7. Uses of Ishabgula
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1. For controlling mealy bugs spray Chlorpyriphos 2 ml in 1 litre of water.
2. Spray the crop with Bavistin 10 g with Carbendazim 2g per litre and repeat at 10 days interval for controlling anthracnose.
3. Leaf spot can be controlled by spraying the crop with 0.2% Mancozeb at weekly intervals
24. Processing- The mucilaginous pulp from the leaf parenchyma, which is mainly carbohydrate in nature, is used in skin disorders.
For the purpose of isolation of aloe gel, the portion of leaves remaining after the removal of their exudates is cut open and their mucilage is scraped out with a blunt edged knife.
This mucilage is stirred vigorously in a blender to make it into a uniform solution and is strained through a muslin cloth and filtered.
The gel is precipitated from the extract and isolated by centrifugation
The gel is re-dissolved in slightly warm water.
It is dried at high temperature and weighed
Soilless Cultivation- The cultivation of aloe in containers has also become a standard technique in central and southern Europe.
The rooted sucker is transplanted into a plastic pot, 2.5–3.5 L in volume and re-potted after 6–9 months into a 24 L container.
Hydroponic Cultivation
sweetgourd-210917070927.pptx
This document provides information on the sweet gourd plant. It is a perennial vine native to Asia and Africa. The sweet gourd has high nutritional value with protein, vitamin C, and edible flesh. It can be propagated through seeds, tubers, or stem cuttings. The sweet gourd grows best in warm, humid climates with adequate drainage. Pests and diseases that affect the sweet gourd include anthracnose, downy mildew, powdery mildew, epilachna beetle, and fruit fly. Genetic resources are being collected and evaluated to improve yield and other traits of this underutilized crop.
General information on Arjun tree
The document provides a general overview of Terminalia arjuna, a tree species native to India. It describes the scientific classification, morphology, distribution, silvicultural characteristics, propagation methods, economic importance, and other details about T. arjuna. The key points covered include that T. arjuna is an evergreen tree used in Ayurvedic medicine, it reproduces naturally along water courses, and the bark and fruits have commercial uses as tanning and dyeing materials.
Papaya 01
All about production technology of Papaya (Climate, soil, varieties, propagation, planting & spacing, nutrient management, irrigation and fertigation, training and pruning, intercultural operations, papain extraction, harvesting and yield, major diseases, major pests, major disorders)
Phalsa
This document provides information on the package of practices for growing phalsa (B. N: Grewia subineqaeualis D.C). It includes the scientific classification, origin, nutritional value, uses, floral biology, soil and climate requirements, varieties, propagation methods, planting, manuring, irrigation, intercropping, pruning, use of growth regulators, and flowering and fruiting details. The key points are that phalsa is a hardy, drought tolerant fruit crop suitable for intercropping; it has high nutritional value and medicinal properties; and propagation can be by seed or vegetative methods like cuttings and grafting.
Commercial vegetable production of brinjal and chilli
Commercial vegetable production of brinjal and chilli is discussed. Brinjal (Solanum melongena) and chilli (Capsicum frutescence, C. annum) are important vegetable crops grown in India. Brinjal is mostly grown in West Bengal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. Chilli is grown in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. Both crops require warm temperatures between 20-30°C for optimal growth. Various varieties are recommended for different regions. Standard agronomic practices like nursery raising, fertilizer application, irrigation, and pest and disease management are covered.
HDT Practical Exp. 5
This document outlines a procedure for measuring the swelling factor and mucilage content of isapgol seeds. 1 gram of isapgol seeds are added to a 25ml cylinder filled with water up to the 20ml mark. After agitating and allowing the seeds to swell for 24 hours, the volume occupied by the swollen seeds is measured. Genuine isapgol seeds should occupy a volume of at least 10ml, indicating their high mucilage content. The swelling index provides an evaluation of isapgol seeds and reflects the amount of mucilage in the seeds.
Origin and Distribution Commercial Varieties Eco-physiological Requirements R...
Origin and Distribution Commercial Varieties Eco-physiological Requirements Recent trends in propagation of aonla ber jackfruit bael karonda & phalsa and Rootstock influence.
Originating from diverse regions, commercial varieties of aonla, ber, jackfruit, bael, karonda, and phalsa have unique eco-physiological requirements. Aonla, native to India, thrives in subtropical climates with well-drained soil. Ber, originating from the Indian subcontinent, prefers arid environments. Jackfruit, native to South Asia, grows best in tropical regions with ample moisture. Bael, native to the Indian subcontinent, tolerates drought but requires well-drained soil. Karonda, indigenous to Southeast Asia, thrives in warm, humid climates. Phalsa, originating from the Indian subcontinent, prefers subtropical climates. Recent trends in propagation include micropropagation for mass multiplication and grafting onto compatible rootstocks to enhance vigor, yield, and disease resistance, ensuring sustainable cultivation.
Nutrient management in Pineapple
This document discusses nutrient management practices for pineapple cultivation. It provides details on the roles of various nutrients including boron, zinc, copper, sulfur, iron and their deficiencies in pineapple. It also discusses methods to induce flowering in pineapple through the application of plant growth regulators like NAA and ethrel. The document then describes a case study on the effects of integrated nutrient management involving farm yard manure, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers on yield and quality parameters of pineapple. It was found that the combination of 30t/ha FYM, 75% recommended doses of NPK and biofertilizers produced the highest TSS and TSS:acidity ratio in pineapple fruits.
Organic Fertilizer 3 | Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)
The Fermented Plant Juice Production Guide is published by the Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Training Institute).
Steps in producing Fermented Plant Juice as well as application rates and usage are discussed.
production technology of opium poppy
mainly tells how to cultivate about opium poppy. climatic requirements, soil requiremennts, botany, varities and harvesting of opium poppy.
Amrut jal
1) Amrut Jal is a fermented organic fertilizer made from cow dung, urine, jaggery or sugarcane juice, and water.
2) The ingredients are mixed together and fermented for 4 days, stirring 3 times daily to distribute microbes uniformly.
3) After 4 days of fermentation, the mixture is diluted 10:1 with water to produce Amrut Jal, which can be used to water plants weekly, as a foliar spray, in seed treatment, and for root treatment of saplings to promote stronger, healthier plants.
Organic seed production
Organic seed production in oilseeds and pulses follows certain principles and practices. Seeds are treated with biocontrol agents and inoculated with beneficial microbes before sowing. Crop nutrition is managed by applying FYM, green manures, neem cake, and vermicompost. Pests and diseases are controlled using techniques like light traps, neem and cow urine based formulations. Specific recommendations are provided for groundnut, sesame, sunflower, greengram, blackgram and redgram production.
characterisation and cultivation og pink taiwan guava indian variety
Taiwan pink guava is an important cash crop for farmers in India that provides high yields of sweet fruit. It was introduced to India 20 years ago and has become the most exported guava variety. The fruit has attractive pink flesh and glossy pale green-yellow skin. Taiwan pink guava plants grow well in various soil types and climates with minimal care. They are fast-growing and pest-resistant when organic fertilizers and controls are used. The plants can yield up to 9,000 kgs of fruit per acre, which have a long shelf life of 15 days without refrigeration. Taiwan pink guava is considered a very profitable crop that will remain important in the future.
Small cardamom
Small cardamom, or Elettaria cardamomum, is a medicinal plant native to the Western Ghats region of India. It is used to treat various digestive issues as well as cough, bronchitis, and infections. The plant thrives in humid, tropical forests between 1500-2500 meters in elevation. There are three main cultivars grown - Malabar, Mysore, and Vazhukka - which differ in panicle structure and capsule characteristics. Cardamom is propagated through vegetative suckers and requires irrigation, fertilization, mulching, weeding, and shade regulation to maximize yields.
Advanced production technology of bael
Bael (Aegle marmelos) is a native fruit tree of India commonly found in temple gardens. It has wide adaptability and can grow in subtropical climates with hot, dry summers and mild winters up to 1200m elevation. Popular varieties include Narendra bael-5, Pant Shivani, and Goma Yashi. Bael trees are planted at 8-10m spacing and produce 30-45 fruits at 6-7 years old, yielding 500-800 fruits at 30-40 years. Pests include termites and caterpillars while diseases include fruit rot. Fruits are used to make toffee, squash, powder, jam and more.
Seed treatments
Seed treatment involves subjecting seeds to compounds, processes, or energy forms to enhance germination. There are physical (e.g. hot water), chemical, and biological seed treatments. Hot water treatment kills diseases but can damage old seeds. Scarification mechanically or chemically damages seed coats to allow water penetration. Stratification exposes seeds to temperatures to overcome dormancy. Chemical treatments use salts or other compounds. Ultrasound increases seed permeability and germination in some crops like chickpeas but decreases it in others like peppers. It is a non-chemical method that increases alpha-amylase and germination speed.
B.sc. agri i po h unit 5.3 cultivation practices of phalsa
Phalsa (Grewia asiatica) is an indigenous fruit crop to India that is drought resistant and capable of growing in neglected and water scarce conditions. It can be cultivated on a wide range of soils but grows best in well-drained loam. Phalsa is propagated through seed sowing or vegetative methods like cuttings, layering, and grafting. Plants are planted during July-August or February-March at spacings of 2.5-3 meters and require irrigation every 15-20 days. Pests include mealybugs and caterpillars, while diseases include leaf spot caused by the fungus Cercospora grewiae. Phalsa flowers 40-45 days after flowering and
Bibhu santosh behera
This study examined the effect of Panchagavya, a liquid mixture made from cow products, on the microbial degradation of vegetable and fruit wastes during vermicomposting. The vermicomposts produced with Panchagavya had higher microbial activity, as well as improved pH, carbon/nitrogen ratio, organic carbon, nitrogen and other nutrient levels compared to those without Panchagavya. The results indicate that Panchagavya enhanced the microbial decomposition and nutrient mineralization of wastes during composting.
Panchakaviya
- Panchakaviya is a mixture used in Hindu rituals made by mixing five cow-derived products: cow dung, urine, milk, curd, and ghee. It is allowed to ferment for one month.
- According to ancient Ayurvedic texts, each component has medicinal properties and benefits health. It is also used in organic farming to promote plant growth and provide immunity.
- When properly prepared and applied, research has shown Panchakaviya increases crop yields, enhances drought tolerance, and improves plant growth, stem strength, root development, and shelf life of crops.
Similar to ISPAGHULA/ ISHABGULA- Plantago ovata (20)
Commercial vegetable production of brinjal and chilli
Commercial vegetable production of brinjal and chilli
Origin and Distribution Commercial Varieties Eco-physiological Requirements R...
Origin and Distribution Commercial Varieties Eco-physiological Requirements R...
Organic Fertilizer 3 | Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)
Organic Fertilizer 3 | Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)
characterisation and cultivation og pink taiwan guava indian variety
characterisation and cultivation og pink taiwan guava indian variety
B.sc. agri i po h unit 5.3 cultivation practices of phalsa
B.sc. agri i po h unit 5.3 cultivation practices of phalsa
More from Dr-Jitendra Patel
2. Scope of Pharmacognosy.pptx
This document outlines the scope of pharmacognosy, which is defined as the scientific study of crude drugs from plant, animal, and mineral sources. Pharmacognosy has broad applications including isolation and analysis of phytochemicals, structure-activity relationship studies, development of drugs from natural products, use of natural products as models for new drugs, cultivation and processing of medicinal plants, and investigation of biosynthetic pathways. Pharmacognosy provides important links between pharmaceutical science and basic sciences as well as between modern and traditional medicine systems.
isolation and preservation of pure culture
This document discusses various techniques for isolating and preserving pure cultures of microorganisms. It describes common isolation methods like streak plating, pour plating, and spread plating which aim to separate individual microbial cells on a growth medium. Preservation methods to maintain viability for long periods are also outlined, including refrigeration, cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen, storage in sterile soil, overlaying with mineral oil, and lyophilization or freeze drying. Maintaining pure cultures is important for accurate identification and experimentation in microbiology.
Design of experiments BY Minitab
The design of experiments (DOE, DOX, or experimental design) is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to reflect the variation.
The term is generally associated with experiments in which the design introduces conditions that directly affect the variation, but may also refer to the design of quasi-experiments, in which natural conditions that influence the variation are selected for observation.
In its simplest form, an experiment aims at predicting the outcome by introducing a change of the preconditions, which is represented by one or more independent variables, also referred to as "input variables" or "predictor variables."
The change in one or more independent variables is generally hypothesized to result in a change in one or more dependent variables, also referred to as "output variables" or "response variables."
Minitab- A statistical tool
Minitab is a statistics package developed at the Pennsylvania State University by researchers Barbara F. Ryan, Thomas A. Ryan, Jr., and Brian L. Joiner in 1972.
It began as a light version of OMNITAB 80, a statistical analysis program by NIST.
Statistical analysis software such as Minitab automates calculations and the creation of graphs, allowing the user to focus more on the analysis of data and the interpretation of results.
It is compatible with other Minitab, LLC software.
Graphs- A tool to present data
This document discusses graphs and histograms. It defines graphs as diagrams that show relationships between variable quantities. The document then defines different types of graphs like histograms, pie charts, and response surface plots. It focuses on histograms, explaining that they use bars of varying heights to show the distribution of data ranges. Different types of histograms are described, like uniform, symmetric, and bimodal histograms. Examples of a histogram are provided. In conclusion, histograms are said to be an easy way to represent and understand data visually.
PAPAIN - An digestive enzymes
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about PAPAIN. Papain is the dried and purified latex of the green fruits and leaves of Carica papaya L., belonging to family Caricaceae. The epicarp adheres to the orange-coloured, fleshy sarcocarp, which surrounds the central cavity. This cavity contains a mass of nearly black seeds. The plant is cultivated in Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Hawai, and Florida. The plant is 5–6 m in height bearing fruits of about 30 cm length and a weight up to 5 kg.
•
Portion explained:
1. Biological Source of Papain
2. Geographical Source of Papain
3. Preparation of Papain
4. Characteristics of Papain
5. Test of Papain
6. Chemical Constituents of Papain
7. Uses of Papain
Plagiarism- A Malpractice in Academia
Video link :
https://youtu.be/OdS0Yu_uPwE
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about Plagiarism. Plagiarism is the representation of another author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work. In educational contexts, there are differing definitions of plagiarism depending on the institution. Plagiarism is considered a violation of academic integrity and a breach of journalistic ethics. It is subject to sanctions such as penalties, suspension, expulsion from school or work, substantial fines and even incarceration. Recently, cases of "extreme plagiarism" have been identified in academia.
• .
Portion explained:
1. Plagiarism- A Malpractice
2. Introduction of Plagiarism
3. Etymology of Plagiarism
4. Is Plagiarism Criminal Act ?
5. Plagiarism academia and journalism
6. Definitions of Plagiarism
7. Forms of academic plagiarism
8. Sanctions for student plagiarism
9. Plagiarism education
10. Factors influencing students' decisions to plagiarize
11. Self-plagiarism
12. Factors that justify reuse
13. Organizational publications
Sources of Herbs- Biological & Geographical
Video Link is below :
https://youtu.be/23iaNNKmEeo
Description : In this ppt the viewer will able to know about Sources of Herbs. Herbs are obtained from different plant sources. Various herbs grow in different countries depend on their agro-climatic requirements. The unintentional adulterations may leads to loss of yields in raw plant materials. Proper authentic sources of herbs plays major role in herbal formulations. There are different names and sources of herbs world wide. The biological & Geographical sources of herbs should be clearly indicated in various herbs guide/manual. These herbs are parts of medicines & spices therefore it should be identified properly.
Portion explained:
1. Herbs
2. Herbs vs. Spices
3. Herbal Medicine
4. Herbs & its geographical Sources
5. Popular Herbs & Sources
6. Herbs & Sources
7. Top 10 Herbs
8. Examples of herbs
9. Nature's 9 Most Powerful Medicinal Plants
10. Different Important herbs
11. Flaxseeds
12. Ginkgo biloba
13. Spirulina
14. Ginseng
15. Garlic organosulphur compounds
16. Tea catechins
17. Citrus limonoids
18. Soya products
19. Tomato lycopenes
20. Momordica charantia
21. Turmeric curcuminoids
22. Black cohosh
23. Fenugreek
PEPSIN Enzyme - An enzyme for protein digestions
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about PEPSIN Enzyme. It is the enzyme prepared from the mucous membrane of the stomach of various animals like pig, sheep, or calf. The commonly used species of pig is Sus scrofa Linn, belonging to family Suidae. The stomach consists of an outer muscular layer and an inner mucous layer. The inner surface is covered with a single layer of epithelial cells which also lines the piths present on them. The piths are about 0.2 mm in diameter, and each pith has two to three narrow tubular ducts opening at the base. The epithelial layer is made of either the parietal cell or the central cell. The central cells are mainly covered with almost cubical shape and secrete pepsinogen and rennin zymogen, whereas the parietal cells are round or oval shaped cells, and they secrete the hydrochloric acid to activate the zymogen to produce rennin and pepsin.
•
Portion explained:
Biological Source of Diastase Enzyme
Preparation of Diastase Enzyme
Description of Diastase Enzyme
Uses of Diastase Enzyme
DIASTASE Enzyme- Amylase
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about DIASTASE Enzyme. It is an amylolytic enzymes present in the saliva (salivary diastase or ptyalin and pancreatic diastase or amylopsin) found in the digestive tract of animals and also in malt extract. Diastase hydrolyses starch, glycogen and dextrin to form in all three instances glucose, maltose, and the limit-dextrin. Salivary amylase is known as ptyalin; although humans have this enzyme in their saliva, some mammals, such as horses, dogs, and cats, do not. Ptyalin begins polysaccharide digestion in the mouth; the process is completed in the small intestine by the pancreatic amylase, sometimes called amylopsin. The amylase of malt digests barley starch to the disaccharides that are attacked by yeast in the fermentation process.
Portion explained:
1. Biological Source of Diastase Enzyme
2. Description of Diastase Enzyme
3. Uses of Diastase Enzyme
Epi Info- An Statistical Software
This document provides an overview of Epi Info, statistical software developed by the CDC for epidemiology. It discusses the software's history, beginning as an MS-DOS program in 1985. Modern versions are available for Windows, Android, iOS, and as web/cloud apps. The software allows users to create electronic surveys, enter data, and perform analyses including t-tests, regression, and analyses of complex survey data. It has been open source since 2008.
Types of experimental design
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about Types of Experimental Design. During the research design what kind of experimental design is applicable? Why experimental design needed in experimental research. Experimental research is research conducted with a scientific approach using two sets of variables. The first set acts as a constant, which you use to measure the differences of the second set. (Example: Temperature & Time in reactor)
Portion explained:
1. Definition of Experimental research
2. Situations to conduct Experimental Research
3. Types of experimental research design
4. Pre-experimental research design
5. True experimental research design
6. Quasi-experimental research design
7. Advantages of experimental research
Herbal Drug Preparation - Different Dosage Forms
This document discusses various dosage forms for herbal medicinal products, including decoctions, tinctures, glycerites, alcoholic beverages, oxymels, capsules, tablets, ointments, creams, oils, soaps, pastes, teas, powders, suppositories, liniments, baths and lozenges. Each dosage form is described in terms of how it is prepared, what plant materials it uses, how it is administered and considerations for stability. The document emphasizes that categorizing herbal products into dosage forms helps define quality control and stability testing protocols. It concludes that herbal drug preparation plays an important role in the herbal drug industry and that safety measures like clinical trials are important
MALT EXTRACT- Barley cereals
Malt extract is obtained from dried barley grains of the barley plant. Barley is widely cultivated around the world, with major producers being the United States, Russia, Canada, India, and Turkey. To produce malt extract, dried barley grains are germinated and then dried. The malt is extracted with water and concentrated to produce malt extract. Malt extract contains enzymes, sugars like maltose and dextrin, and is used as a starch digesting aid and laxative due to its amylolytic properties.
Experimental design techniques- why experimental design needed?
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about designing of experiments. How experimental design helps to improve the quality & purity of the products. In this example, our experimental design is a planned experiment that is used to determine how reactor temperature and residence time affect purity so we can find the optimum operating conditions. Experimental design is needed to rectify the error in materials, methods & machines.
Portion explained:
1. Introduction to the problem
2. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TERMINOLOGY
3. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN DATA
4. EFFECTS AND MAIN EFFECTS
5. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FACTORS
6. ARE THE EFFECTS, MAIN EFFECTS AND INTERACTIONS SIGNIFICANT?
Qualitative test for proteins
In this ppt the viewer will able to know about different methods for the protein analysis. Proteins are long chain of amino acids and there are specific test also required depends on the nature and structure of proteins. As the name suggest amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino and carboxyl groups. The R- in the formulas stands for different chemical groups (may be aliphatic, aromatic or heterocycylic) and this determines the characteristics of the amino acids. The colour tests have frequently been used for qualitative detection of amino acids. Not all amino acids contain the same reactive groups. For this reason the various colour tests yield reactions varying in intensity and type of colour according to the nature of groups contained in the particular amino acid under examination.
• Portion explained:
• Detection of Proteins
1. Millon’s reaction
2. Millon-Nasse reaction
3. Xanthoproteic reaction
4. Hopkins-Cole reaction
5. Biuret test
6. Ninhydrin reaction
7. Folin test
8. Sakaguchi test
9. Nitroprusside test
10. Spectrophometric method
SAS - Statistical Analysis System
In this ppt the viewer will able to understand about SAS software. It is a statistical software suite developed by SAS Institute for data management. SAS was developed at North Carolina State University from 1966 until 1976, when SAS Institute was incorporated. SAS was further developed in the 1980s and 1990s with the addition of new statistical procedures, additional components and the introduction of JMP. A point-and-click interface was added in version 9 in 2004. A social media analytics product was added in 2010.
• Portion explained:
• Components of SAS Software
• Origins of SAS Software
• Development of SAS Software
• Recent History of SAS Software
• Software products of SAS Software
• Adoption of SAS Software
• Application of SAS Software
Need of Research- Why Necessary
In this PPT the viewer will able to understand the necessity of research. Why it is required, how it is going to helpful to other scholar, scientist, businessman, film maker, industrialist and public. The main purposes of research are to inform action, gather evidence for theories, and contribute to developing knowledge in a field of study.
Portion explained:
Research Is Necessary and Valuable:
1. It's a tool for building knowledge and facilitating learning.
2. It's a means to understand issues and increase public awareness.
3. It helps us succeed in business.
4. It allows us to disprove lies and support truths.
5. It is a means to find, gauge, and seize opportunities.
6. It promotes a love of and confidence in reading, writing, analyzing, and sharing valuable information.
7. It provides nourishment and exercise for the mind.
Herbs as plant materials
Herbs as Plant Materials : In this video the viewers will come to know about herbs as plant materials. Herbs are flowering plants whose stems grow above ground and are not woody. They have weak and soft stems. They are plants which are known for medicinal value, flower scent, etc. Any plant with leaves, seeds, or flowers used for flavouring, food, medicine, or perfume. Any seed-bearing plant that does not have a woody stem and dies down to the ground after flowering.
•
Portion explained:
1. Herbs as Plant Materials
2. Definition of herbs
3. What is herbal medicine?
4. Herbal Medicine
5. History of Herbal Medicine
6. Modern herbal medicine
7. Herbal preparations
Classification of Protein by different mode.
• Description: In this video the viewers will come to know about different mode of classification of proteins. Proteins are classified based on their Solubility and composition, Function, Shape & size.
Portion explained:
Classification based on solubility and composition
Simple proteins
1. Albumins
2. Globulins
3. Prolamins
4. Glutelins
5. Histones
6. Protamines
7. Albuminoids
ii. Conjugated or compound proteins
1. Nucleoproteins
2. Mucoproteins
3. Chromoproteins
4. Lipoproteins
5. Metalloproteins
6. Phosphoproteins
B. Classification of proteins based on function
1. Catalytic proteins – Enzymes
2. Regulatory proteins – Hormones
3. Protective proteins – Antibodies
4. Storage proteins
5. Transport proteins
6. Toxic proteins
7. Structural proteins
8. Contractile proteins
9. Secretary proteins
10. Exotic proteins
C. Classification based on size and shape
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How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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ISPAGHULA/ ISHABGULA- Plantago ovata
- 1. ISPAGHULA/ ISHABGULA BY Dr. Jitendra Patel Associate Professor AIPS, Hyderabad, India.
- 3. Synonyms 1. Ispaghula, 2. Ispagol, 3. Ishabgula, 4. Spongel seeds.
- 4. Biological Source • Ispaghula consists of dried seeds of Plantago ovata Forskal, belonging to family Plantaginaece.
- 5. Geographical Source • Ispaghula is an annual herb cultivated in India in Gujarat, Maharastra, Punjab and in some parts of Rajasthan and Sindh Province of Pakistan. It is cultivated extensively around Sidhpur in north Gujarat.
- 6. Cultivation and Collection • Isabgol seeds are sown in the month of November by broadcasting method. • Well-drained loamy soil with a pH of 7.5– 8.5, cool and dry climate is suitable for its growth. • Ammonium sulphate is also added as a fertilizer. • Good water supply to the plants is to be provided at 8–10 days interval, seven to eight times. • Though ispaghula is not affected by pests or disease, the percentage yield is decreased to great extend due to heavy rainfall or storms. • The fruits are collected in the month of March/April after the fruits are completely mature and ripe. • The fruits are then dried and the seeds separated.
- 7. Morphology
- 8. Chemical constituents • Ispaghula seeds contain about 10% mucilage which is present in the epidermis of testa. • Mucilage consists of two complex polysaccharides, of which one is soluble in cold water and the other soluble in hot water. • Chemically it is pentosan and aldobionic acid. Pentosan on hydrolysis yields xylose and arabinose and aldobionic acid yields galactouronic acid and rhamnose. • Protein and fixed oil are present in endosperm and embryo.
- 10. Chemical Tests 1. Ispaghula seeds when treated with ruthenium red give red colour due to the presence of mucilage. 2. Add water to few seeds on a slide, mucilage comes out and forms zone surrounding the seeds. 3. Swelling factor: Swelling factor is the parameter to determine the purity of seeds. Swelling can be determined quantitatively by swelling factor. 1 g of the drug is put in a measuring cylinder of 25 ml capacity and 20 ml water is added. It is shaken periodically for first 23 h and kept for one more hour. The volume occupied by the drug is called swelling factor. Swelling factor of ispaghula seeds is 10–13.
- 11. Uses • Ispaghula seeds are used as an excellent demulcent and bulk laxative in chronic constipation. • The laxative activity of ispaghula mucilage is purely mechanical. • It is also useful in dysentery, chronic diarrhoea, in cases of duodenal ulcers and piles. • It works effectively as a soothing agent. • Ispaghula husk is also used for similar purpose.
- 12. Thank You