This document provides an introduction to information systems. It defines information systems as a "box" that processes "stuff" or data and provides results. It discusses the characteristics of data and information and how information must be accurate, timely, relevant, sufficient, cost-effective, verifiable, and organized to be valuable. The document also suggests reasons why businesses and consumers require information systems, such as for productivity, monitoring, automation, planning and decision making. It outlines different types of information systems based on their objectives. Finally, it speculates on the future of information systems and cloud, mobile, IoT, and what will be required to create this future.

1. ISINFORMATION SYSTEMS
BY: JAN WONG
HELLO AND
WELCOME TO
Chapter One:
AN INTRODUCTION

2. ISWhat is it, really?

3. IS
It’s a box.

4. IS
It’s a box.You throw it ‘stuff’ It gives you results

5. It’s a box.You throw it ‘stuff’ It gives you results
Speed
Accuracy
Intelligence
Storage
DATA INFORMATION
• It is ‘raw’
• Has no meaning by itself
• Cannot be used for
decision making
• E.g. Your Name
• Processed data that is
organised
• Can be used for decision
making
• E.g. Attendance Summary

6. It’s a box.You throw it ‘stuff’ It gives you results
Speed
Accuracy
Intelligence
Storage
DATA INFORMATION
SOFTWARE
APP
WEBSITE

7. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
7 characteristics to judge its value

8. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
ACCURATE
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
• Inaccurate information can lead to
incorrect decisions.
• Becomes a waste of time and
money as users develop work-
around to avoid inconvenience.
• GIGO - garbage in garbage out.
#1

9. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
TIMELY
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#2
• Has an age suited to its use - it’s
always up to date!
• It is available in time for its use
when needed.
• E.g. a weekly sales report should
not be delivered only a month later.

10. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
RELEVANT
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#3
• Needs to be within the context and
subject of the system.
• A point-of-sale (POS) system
should provide output that is
expected of it.
• Unnecessary information must be
eliminated!

11. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
JUST SUFFICIENT
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#4
• Output should be just enough for
its intended purpose.
• Systems should be smart enough
to only display information that is
relevant to specific users.
• E.g. top management would want a
summary rather than a detailed
report; or a lecturer would not
require your hobbies when taking
your attendance.

12. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
COST EFFECTIVE
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#5
• Important: data is not free. It always
comes with a cost.
• Cost can be for operations and
system maintenance, users’ time,
salary or convenience.
• A good system is able to produce
information lesser than the actual
cost of the data, i.e. to create value!

13. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
VERIFIABLE
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#6
• Users should be able to confirm
and verify the information
presented in the system.
• It should be auditable with a clear
trace of data.

14. INFORMATION
Let’s talk about
ORGANIZED
It must be
7 characteristics to judge its value
#7
• Information should be arranged to
suit the objectives and needs of the
business / users.
• It can be in the form of tables,
reports, diagrams - any output that
makes sense!

15. ISWhy do you think information systems
are required for businesses &
consumers?

16. Possible reasons &
objectives for IS.
Productivity
Monitoring
Automation
Planning
& Decision
Making
Connectivity Scalability
SOFTWARE APP WEBSITE
That is why
are created - to solve a business problem.

17. SOFTWARE APP WEBSITE
That is why
are created - to solve a business problem.
And are given many names
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM
Basically, it is named after what it should
be doing - its objective.

18. An information
system without an
objective is useless.
Always remember,

19. An information
system also
requires 5 things for
it to work.
However,

20. 5 elements of IS.
DATA & INFORMATION
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
PEOPLE
PROCEDURES
Any electronic &
mechanical parts
within a computer.
e.g. Processor, hard drive, etc
A series of
instructions that
tells a computer
what and how to
perform a task.
e.g. Application Software,
System Software, etc
A user who communicates
with a computer either
direct or indirectly.
e.g. Programmer, administrators,
customers, etc
A set of
instructions for a
user to complete
an activity
(user journey).
e.g. User manual, user
experience, forms, etc
Raw records that
has no meaning by
itself.
Processed data
that is organised
and has meaning.

21. ISWhat do you think the future is?

22. The future of IS.
Cloud driven Mobile-first IoT Smart Devices 3D Printing AI
Reduced cost
for hardware &
software
Automation
becomes a part
of daily life
Increase of
demand for
code literacy
Increased
usage of
personal data
Heightened
need for
reliable security
.. and how it impacts us.
MONEY PROCESS DATAPEOPLE LEGAL

23. ISWhat do you think we need to create
this future?

24. What do you think is required
to create this future?
Reduced cost
for hardware &
software
Automation
becomes a part
of daily life
Increase of
demand for
code literacy
Increased
usage of
personal data
Heightened
need for
reliable security
MONEY PROCESS ADSPEOPLE LEGAL
New Business
Model,
Modular Devices,
In-app Purchase.
Job Scope,
Operations,
Procedures.
Education,
Training,
Tests,
Mindset.
Privacy Laws,
Data
Regulations.
Policies,
Blockchain.