irrigation types

1. Concept of Irrigation
• The artificial application of water
to plant for its proper growth and
development is called irrigation.
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2. Objectives of irrigation
• To ensure the proper growth and
development of plant .
• To control soil temperature .
• The decomposition of organic matter.
• To soften tillage pans and clods.
• To control some destructives pests
and diseases.
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3. Sources of irrigation water
• Surface water irrigation : rivers,
tributaries, streams, estuaries
cannels lakes tanks, ponds, dams.
• Ground water: through shallow
tubewells and deep tubewells.
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4. Methods of irrigation
• Surface Irrigation
• Sub-surface Irrigation
• Sprinkler Irrigation
• Drip Irrigation
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5. A.Surface Irrigation
• Types of surface irrigation…..
1. Flood irrigation: Water is allowed from the
irrigation cannels into the entire field and it
slowed spread all the land.
Fig: flood irrigation
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6. 2.Border strip irrigation
• Border strip method involves irrigation a field by
dividing it into long strips separated by low
parallel borders. The size of the strip ranges 30
to 300 m in length and 3 to 15 m in breadth.
Fig: Border strip irrigation
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7. 3.Furrow irrigation
• Water is applied in small stream between the
rows of crops grown on ridges or furrow sides.
This method of irrigation is generally used to
irrigation row crops and vegetables.
Fig : Furrow irrigation
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8. 4.Basin irrigation
• Basin method is almost similar to check basin
method where only the basins around the plants
are irrigation. This method is suitable for fruit
crops.
Fig: Basin irrigation
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9. B. Sub-surface irrigation
• Water is applied below the ground surface by
construction trench or installing underground
perforated pipe lines or tile lines.
fig : sub surface irrigation
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10. C. Sprinkler or overhead irrigation
• This irrigation refers to application of water to
crops in forms of spray from above the crop like
rain.
Fig: sprinkler irrigation
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11. D. Drip irrigation
• Drip irrigation is also called micro irrigation. It
refers to the application of water at a slow drop
by drop.
Fig: Drop irrigation
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12. Conclusion
• Irrigation is the important
theme for crop production. So
we have to select effective
method for it and also should
not select any costly method.
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