Introductions and conclusions are important parts of academic papers. The introduction should hook the reader into the topic and provide context for what will be discussed. Similarly, the conclusion should wrap up the main points and arguments and bring the reader back from the topic. Effective introductions can start broadly and then focus in, while conclusions should not just restate but synthesize the key ideas and insights. It is important for both introductions and conclusions to be engaging for the reader.
The SQ3R method is an active reading strategy which helps you to: remember what you read; identify and summarise key themes; check your understanding of the content; and take effective notes.
The SQ3R method is an active reading strategy which helps you to: remember what you read; identify and summarise key themes; check your understanding of the content; and take effective notes.
Intro. to Persuasive Writing - A guiding Google Slides presentation on the writing genre. Best taught with persuasive texts during reading conferences. Please like and share!
This workshop reviews what prewriting is and how it can help in the writing process. It also goes over different prewriting techniques and how to do them.
Who Cut The Cheese? You Did: Creating Non-Cheesy Introductions and ConclusionsRachael Wendler
How can you move beyond cheesy, high-school approaches to introductions and conclusions? This presentation first describes the moves necessary to an introduction, then helps students revise the thesis (by checking the conclusion and narrating to a friend at a coffee shop what the paper is about), then outlines the 4 most common overused hooks in introductions, and finally offers several alternatives for a more scholarly approach.
Intro. to Persuasive Writing - A guiding Google Slides presentation on the writing genre. Best taught with persuasive texts during reading conferences. Please like and share!
This workshop reviews what prewriting is and how it can help in the writing process. It also goes over different prewriting techniques and how to do them.
Who Cut The Cheese? You Did: Creating Non-Cheesy Introductions and ConclusionsRachael Wendler
How can you move beyond cheesy, high-school approaches to introductions and conclusions? This presentation first describes the moves necessary to an introduction, then helps students revise the thesis (by checking the conclusion and narrating to a friend at a coffee shop what the paper is about), then outlines the 4 most common overused hooks in introductions, and finally offers several alternatives for a more scholarly approach.
Writing the Rough DraftThe purpose of this assignment is three-f.docxambersalomon88660
Writing the Rough Draft
The purpose of this assignment is three-fold.
1. First, almost every piece of writing that you complete at the college level will involve arguing for a specific viewpoint. Even essays that simply are informative are trying to convince the reader of the validity of the information. This essay will allow you to demonstrate that you understand how to compose an effective piece of persuasive writing.
2. Second, you will be required to write many research papers as you complete your academic career. This essay allows you to demonstrate that you understand how to effectively cite the information you gather from completing the research assignments that led up to writing this essay.
3. Finally, this essay gives you the chance to discuss something you feel is important, either for your own information or for the general population, and you get a guaranteed audience.
General Guidelines for Writing the Essay & Tips for Putting it Together
· Write a 6-8 page essay that discusses your research topic. Begin with a catchy first sentence and interesting first paragraph that explains why you chose this topic and why someone should read about this topic. If you wrote a good story for your Research Proposal, that story can become the introduction for your research essay.
· The first paragraph or two should discuss the issue, problem, or topic that you researched. It should provide any background information that is necessary for the reader to understand the essay, and it should define any unfamiliar terms. Once you introduce the topic and provide background information, then you should state your thesis and the main reasons for your thesis. You will continually refer back to the thesis statement throughout the paper, AND everything in the paper will be connected to the thesis statement. This will help you keep your focus and go deep rather than broad into the information you gathered.
· After you have introduced your topic and stated the thesis, explain your first sub-claim (a sub-claim is a claim that supports the main idea or thesis). Remember this is an essay so you should have one main point that you are trying to communicate. You may have found out many, many things that you cannot include. What is the most important information? What's the best way to get that across to your readers?
· Each paragraph is also like a mini-essay. Each paragraph will have one main point or idea that you are developing. Then you will explain the main idea and give examples.
· Use transitions between paragraphs and ideas so that the essay flows.
· Be sure to introduce your quotes and paraphrased ideas. You might want to review the lesson from the Summary folder that discusses paraphrasing, summarizing, and quoting. Do NOT just drop a quote into your paper without an introduction and discussion.
· Be sure to use ethos, pathos, and logos to strengthen your argument and appeal to your audience. Follow this link for a discussion of the rhetorical appeals an.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Some basic definitions…
O Introductions and conclusions can be the most difficult
parts of papers to write. Your introduction and conclusion
act as bridges that transport your readers from their own
lives into the "place" of your analysis/argument. As your
readers examine your paper, they need a transition to help
them leave behind the world of Defiance College, television,
e-mail, and text messages and to help them temporarily
enter the world of your paper. By providing an introduction
that helps your readers make a transition between their
own world and the issues you will be writing about, you give
your readers the tools they need to get into your topic and
care about what you are saying. Similarly, once you've
hooked your reader with the introduction and offered
evidence to prove your thesis, your conclusion can provide a
bridge to help your readers make the transition back to
their daily lives.
3. Why are they so important?
O The introduction is the first impression you make on
your reader and you never get another first
impression. The introduction should “hook” your
readers and make them want to continue reading the
assertion you are making about the topic.
O The conclusion allows you to have the final say on the
issues you have raised in your paper, to review your
thoughts, to demonstrate the importance of your
ideas, and to propel your reader to a new view of the
subject. It is also your opportunity to make a good
final impression and to end on a positive note.
4. Strategies for Effective Introductions:
1. Start by thinking about the question (or
questions) you are trying to answer. Your
entire essay will be a response to this
question, and your introduction is the first
step toward that end.
2. Decide how general or broad your opening
should be. Keep in mind that even a "big
picture" opening needs to be clearly related
to your topic. The question you are asking
determines how "broad" your view should be.
5. Strategies for Intros. (cont’d):
3. Try writing your introduction last. You may think that
you have to write your introduction first, but that isn't
necessarily true, and it isn't always the most effective
way to craft a good introduction. You may find that you
don't know what you are going to argue at the
beginning of the writing process, and only through the
experience of writing your paper do you discover your
main argument.
4. Don't be afraid to write a tentative introduction first
and then change it later. Some people find that they
need to write some kind of introduction in order to get
the writing process started. That's fine, but if you are
one of those people, be sure to return to your initial
introduction later and rewrite if necessary.
6. Strategies for Intros. (cont’d):
5. Open with an attention grabber. Sometimes,
especially if the topic of your paper is somewhat
dry or technical, opening with something catchy
can help. Consider these options:
O an intriguing example
O a provocative quotation
O a puzzling scenario
O a vivid and perhaps unexpected anecdote
O a thought-provoking question
6. Pay special attention to your first sentence. Start
off on the right foot with your readers by making
sure that the first sentence actually says something
useful and that it does so in an interesting and
error-free way.
7. Ineffective Introductions
(AVOID these strategies):
O The place holder introduction. When you don't have
much to say on a given topic, it is easy to create this kind
of introduction. Essentially, this kind of weaker
introduction contains several sentences that are vague
and don't really say much. They exist just to take up the
"introduction space" in your paper.
O The restated question introduction. Restating the
question can sometimes be an effective strategy, but it
can be easy to stop at JUST restating the question instead
of offering a more specific, interesting introduction to your
paper. The professor or teaching assistant wrote your
questions and will be reading ten to seventy essays in
response to them—he or she does not need to read a
whole paragraph that simply restates the question. Try to
do something more interesting.
8. Ineffective Introductions c0ntinued
(AVOID these strategies):
O The Webster's Dictionary introduction. This introduction
begins by giving the dictionary definition of one or more of the
words in the assigned question. Dictionary introductions are
ineffective simply because they are so overused.
O The "dawn of man" introduction. This kind of introduction
generally makes broad, sweeping statements about the
relevance of this topic since the beginning of time. It is usually
very general (similar to the place holder introduction) and fails
to connect to the thesis.
O The book report introduction. This introduction is what you
had to do for your elementary school book reports. It gives the
name and author of the book you are writing about, tells what
the book is about, and offers other basic facts about the
book. You might resort to this sort of introduction when you
are trying to fill space because it's a familiar, comfortable
format. It is ineffective because it offers details that your
reader already knows and that are irrelevant to the thesis.
9. Strategies for Effective Conclusions:
1. Play the "So What" Game. If you're stuck and feel like
your conclusion isn't saying anything new or
interesting, ask a friend to read it with you. Whenever
you make a statement from your conclusion, ask the
friend to say, "So what?" or "Why should anybody
care?" Then ponder that question and answer it
2. Return to the theme or themes in the introduction.
This strategy brings the reader full circle. For example,
if you begin by describing a scenario, you can end
with the same scenario as proof that your essay is
helpful in creating a new understanding. You may also
refer to the introductory paragraph by using key words
or parallel concepts and images that you also used in
the introduction.
10. Strategies for conclusions (cont’d):
3. Synthesize, don't summarize: Include a brief
summary of the paper's main points, but don't
simply repeat things that were in your paper.
Instead, show your reader how the points you
made and the support and examples you used fit
together.
4. Include a provocative insight or quotation from the
research or reading you did for your paper.
5. Propose a course of action, a solution to an issue,
or questions for further study. This can redirect
your reader's thought process and help her to
apply your info and ideas to her own life or to see
the broader implications.
11. Ineffective Conclusions
(AVOID these strategies):
O The "That's My Story and I'm Sticking to It" Conclusion. This
conclusion just restates the thesis and is usually painfully
short. It does not push the ideas forward. People write this
kind of conclusion when they can't think of anything else to
say.
O The "Sherlock Holmes" Conclusion. Sometimes writers will
state the thesis for the very first time in the conclusion. You
might be tempted to use this strategy if you don't want to give
everything away too early in your paper. You may think it
would be more dramatic to keep the reader in the dark until
the end and then "wow" him with your main idea, as in a
Sherlock Holmes mystery. The reader, however, does not
expect a mystery, but an analytical discussion of your topic in
an academic style, with the main argument (thesis) stated up
front.
12. Ineffective Conclusions continued.
(AVOID these strategies):
O The "America the Beautiful"/"I Am Woman"/"We
Shall Overcome" Conclusion. This kind of
conclusion usually draws on emotion to make its
appeal, but while this emotion and even
sentimentality may be very heartfelt, it is usually
out of character with the rest of an analytical
paper. A more sophisticated commentary, rather
than emotional praise, would be a more fitting
tribute to the topic.
13. Ineffective Conclusions continued.
(AVOID these strategies):
O The "Grab Bag" Conclusion. This kind of
conclusion includes extra information that the
writer found or thought of but couldn't integrate
into the main paper. You may find it hard to leave
out details that you discovered after hours of
research and thought, but adding random facts
and bits of evidence at the end of an otherwise-
well-organized essay can just create confusion.
14. Source:
O The Writing Center at the University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/resources/han
douts-demos