This document provides an outline of topics for learning the R programming language, including R basics, vectors and factors, arrays, matrices, lists, data frames, if/else statements, for loops, user defined functions, objects and classes, reading data files, string operations, and regular expressions. Key concepts covered are defining vectors and factors, performing operations on vectors, summarizing data, accessing and manipulating arrays and matrices, the structure and operations of data frames, using if/else statements and for/while loops, defining user functions, detecting object classes and converting between types, reading different file types into R, and using string and regular expression functions.

1. R Language
PREPARED BY:
GAURANG DOBARIYA
(15IT025)

2. Outline
R Basic
Vector & Factor
Array
Matrices
List
Data frame
If … else
For loop
User defined function
Object & class
Reading data file
String operation
Regular expression

3. R Basic

4. Vector and Factor
Vector: an ordered collection of data of the same type.
•a = c(1,2,3)
• a*2
•[1] 2 4 6
Naming Vector

5. Types of vectors

6. Factor
•Factors are variables in R which take on a limited number of different values;
such variables are often referred to as categorical variables.

7. Operation on vector

8. Summarization

9. Array

10. Matrices

11. Accessing Array

12. Accessing Matrices

13. List
•A list is a great tool to store many kinds of object in the order expected.

14. Data frame
A data frame is a list of vectors which are of equal length. data frame
accepts different data types.

15. Structure of data frame

16. Operation on data frame
•Head(df)
•Tail(df)
•Insert
• df[“new_c”]=vector
• Delete
•df[“new_c”]=null

17. IF … Else

18. Loop
For loop
While loop

19. User Defined Function

20. Object & Class
Types of Object
◦ Numeric
◦ Character
◦ Integer
◦ Logical
Class(type_object)
◦ To Detect which class is type_object has??
Conversion
Numeric to integer - int_vector -> as.integer(numeric_vector)
Any type to character - char_vector ->as.character(any_vector)

21. Reading data file
Reading CSV
Reading Excel
Reading Text file

22. String Operation
•nchar(vector) – count character in vector
•toupper(vector) – uppercase
•tolower(vector) – lowercase
•sort(vector) – sort the vector
•Paste(sorted_list,collapse=“ ”)–collapse the list
•Substr(vector,start=1,stop=4)-substring

23. Regular Expression
•. any character
•+ 1 or more
•* 0 or more
•For email
•For “.” Accepting

24. Thank you