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Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)
This document introduces Open Educational Resources (OER), explaining their definition, benefits, and licensing, particularly Creative Commons. It discusses how OER can be utilized by educators to enhance learning and the various sources available for finding these resources. The document emphasizes the importance of copyright understanding and the collaborative spirit of the open movement in education.
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Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)
- 1. Introduction to OpenEducational Resources (OER) Michael Paskevicius Learning Technologies Application Developer Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning Vancouver Island University Search & Create LicenseRemix Share
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- 3. What does theterm open educational resources (OER) mean to you? by dkscully
- 4. Learning outcomes fortoday’s session • Understand the term open educational resources and how they came to be • Know where to search for open educational resources • Recognize and understand the Creative Commons License • Consider how open educational resources might impact your work
- 5. Open Educational Resources Shared Sharedfreely and openly to be… Used Improved Redistributed … used by anyone to …… adapt / repurpose/ improve under some type of license in order to … … redistribute and share again. Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed that can be:
- 6. Available to other faculties,students and institutions. Other educators can now discover and reuse. Learning activity or resource Creates Designated as OER on web Adapted from Conole, G., McAndrew, P. & Dimitriadis, Y., 2010 Shares with students and other faculty Traditional sharing of teaching materials Sharing educational resources as OER Additional considerations: • Clearing of copyright issues • Formatting for web and accessibility for reuse • Addition of descriptive metadata • Publishing in repository, referatory or on the web Educator Sharing beyond the classroom
- 7. • Alternative copyright Licensing • Arange of financial models • Affordances of the Internet • Change in philosophy Social Technical LegalFinancial What has enabled OER?
- 8. The Open Movement Changein philosophy towards an “Open Movement” Open Source Software Open Access Open Licences Open Science Open Society Open Educational Resources Open Data
- 9. Affordances of theInternet Title : File:Internet map 1024.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpg license : Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
- 10. A range offinancial models • Donor funding – e.g. Hewlett Foundation • Marketing budget – e.g. Open University • Commission – e.g. MIT and Amazon • Endowment – e.g. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy • Membership – e.g. Sakai Consortium, OCWC • Government – e.g. UK £7.8 million grant, US commitment to OER
- 11. What happens whenyou create and share something on the internet? Your work is automatically protected under copyright!
- 12. Online DOES NOTEQUAL openly licensed! Pixel | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/37408217@N08/5025870260/ Author: filin ilia - aliyo.hu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en
- 13. © Cancels thePossibilities Of digital media and the internet Internet Enables What to do? Copyright Forbids Wiley, D. (2012) Openness and the Future. ETS Future of Assessment Conference. Presentation available: http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/openness-and-the-future-of-assessment
- 14. Copyright and thePublic Domain
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- 16. 0 50,000,000 100,000,000 150,000,000 200,000,000 250,000,000 300,000,000 350,000,000 400,000,000 450,000,000 Minimum Total CreativeCommons Licensed Works http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Metrics
- 17. http://creativecommons.org/choose/ Choosing a CreativeCommons License Which Creative Commons licence is right for me? poster | Creative Commons Australia : taken from - http://creativecommons.org.au/learn-more/fact-sheets/which- creative-commons-licence-is-right-for-me-poster http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/
- 18. A note onFair Dealing in Canada • The copyright modernization act (Bill C-11) broadens the scope of fair dealing and allowances in education • UBC has an excellent summary of key changes on their website as well as a great frequently asked questions guide Photo Credit: Thomas Tolkien licensed under Creative Commons
- 19. Recap: What makesan OER? • Educational curriculum, materials or mixed media • Discoverable online as they are shared freely and openly • Openly licensed (usually Creative Commons) • Can be legally used by anyone to repurpose/ improve and redistribute
- 20. OPEN VERSUS CLOSEDWEB RESOURCES
- 21. The origins ofOER: MIT OpenCourseWare
- 22. Open Course Ware:Open University
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- 24. Open Video: TheKhan Academy
- 25. Mostly closed video:YouTube
- 26. YouTube recently launcheda Creative Commons licensing option
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- 29. Internet Enables -Copyright Forbids http://torrentfreak.com/police-raid-school-teacher-for- uploading-history-book-for-students-130520 • Use openly licensed content whenever possible when creating your own digital teaching resources (if planning to share openly online) • Link back and cite open sources within your content http://www.roniloren.com/blog/2012/7/20/bloggers-beware-you- can-get-sued-for-using-pics-on-your-blog.html
- 30. WHERE TO FINDOPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
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- 32. A good startingpoint: OER Commons
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- 34. Open learning objectrepository: Merlot
- 35.
- 36. Open textbooks forK12: Siyavula
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- 39. University of Minnesota:Open academics textbook catalog
- 40. Free and opensource software More here: http://www.tripwiremagazine.com/2010/03/20-most-popular-open-source-software-ever-2.html https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Fh7z6Oz4tBK5yvhjdf3UIRjmhJZrO5SJFFIUngLRaF4/edit Alternative to: Dreamweaver or hand coded web design Alternative to: Adobe Audition or Wavelab Alternative to: MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Ac cess, Visio Alternative to: MS Notepad or Dreamweaver Alternative to: MS Windows, Apple OS Alternative to: MS MediaPlayer Alternative to: Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator
- 41. Open access research:DOAJ List of Journals Licensed under a Creative Commons License
- 42. B.C. Open TextbookProject Brigham Young University faculty survey seeks to advance open education through academic libraries | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/ Author: opensourceway http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- sa/2.0/deed.en “B.C. is leveraging 21st century- technologies and licensing to ensure its citizens have affordable access to high-quality post-secondary textbooks. Open licensing on publicly funded content ensures the greatest impact for the public dollar.“ Dr. Cable Green (Creative Commons) http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2012AEIT0010-001581.htm Cal for reviews: http://open.bccampus.ca/call-for-reviewers/
- 43. SOME TOOLS OFTHE TRADE A Creative Commons image by (ta)
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- 45. Compfight image searchand attribution tool • Searches Creative Commons Flickr images • Provides license and attribution for image
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- 47. Attribution made “easier” •Browser plugin lets you know when you are on a webpage which uses Creative Commons • Click icon to access attribution text • Add on available for Firefox, Chrome, Oper a, Wordpress and Drupal http://openattribute.com/ Demo
- 48. Xpert Image AttributionTool • Searches Creative Commons Flickr images • Embeds license and attribution on image for download and use http://www.nottingham.ac. uk/xpert/attribution/
- 49. Attributing Creative Commons https://twitter.com/Mattclare/status/331429150143430659/photo/1 Author,Title, Source, URL to source, URL to license MIT OpenCourseWare Nuclear Systems Design Project | Nuclear Science and Engineering | MIT OpenCourseWare : taken from - http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/nuclear-engineering/22-033- nuclear-systems-design-project-fall-2011/ Author: Dr. Michael Short http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/us/deed.en_US Wikipedia Vancouver Island University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia : taken from - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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- 51. Massive Open OnlineCourses (MOOCs): PLENK2010
- 52. MITx: MIT’s latestopen education projectUdacity Coursera 2012 - Year of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) • Are they really open? • Content free, pay for accreditation? • You pay with your data?
- 53. WHY GO OPEN? WHATARE THE POSSIBILITIES? by ryancr
- 54. CHED Computer LiteracyGuides • IEEE UCT chapter use the openly licensed CHED computer literacy materials to support training in a computer lab donated to a high school http://www.ebe.uct.ac.za/usr/ebe/staff/april2010.pdf
- 55. Creative Commons LicensingScreencast • Creative Commons licensing video is translated into Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish on YouTube
- 56. Studying at University:A guide for first year students • Used by multiple universities across South Africa • The guide has been accessed over 3800 times on the web and over 600 physical printed guides have been sold • Now used at VIU!
- 57. OpenContent becomes aJournal Article • Materials published as OER selected for publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/12/06/sharing-knowledge-leads-to-opportunities
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- 59. Closing note: "When youlearn transparently (and openly) you become a teacher“ Siemens, 2010 Siemens, G. & Matheos, K. (2010). Open Social Learning in Higher Education: An African Context. VI International Seminar of the UNESCO chair in e-learning; open social learning. Available online: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oexie4cwpf8
- 60. This work islicensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/ Prepared by: Michael Paskevicius Learning Technologies Application Developer Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning michael.paskevicus@viu.ca Follow me: http://twitter.com/mpaskevi Blog: http://wordpress.viu.ca/edtechdev/ Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi
Editor's Notes
- #3 Masters in Education Technology at the University of Cape Town in 2009-2011Worked in the Centre for Educational Technology supporting open educational practices (OpenUCT)
- #6 The key aspect of an OER is that it is both discoverable online – so that people can find it AND openly licensed - so that people can legally make use of it. OER includes texts, different forms of media, ideas, as well as documented teaching strategies/techniques or practices. Advocates of openness would suggest that the value in OER is in its potential to support learning in many ways and in many contexts.
- #7 So what is meant to happen is a cycle of teaching material evermore being improved and shared. Plus it is all legal under the terms of the open license. We are all familiar with preparing materials for the classroom, but for those who want to delve into creating OER there are some additional considerations that you will have to take into mind:Clearing of copyright issuesFormatting for web and accessibility for reuseAddition of descriptivemetadataPublishing in repository, referatory or on the webThis is a fair bit of extra work and a number of additional considerations to take into account when creawting instructional media. Fortunatly there are a number of enablers which can help you.
- #9 So open educational resources are part of a larger open movement, which harnesses the affordances provided by the internet, and aims to increase access to information. Open access to research, open availability of data, open science for global collaboration, open source software are all part of this movement.
- #10 Internet has brought us closer together then we have ever been as a planet. The time and cost of sharing has been reduced dramatically. Opportunities for collaboration and to explore how other cultures approach teaching and learning are very exciting!
- #13 Online DOES NOT EQUAL openly licensed!
- #14 © Cancels the Possibilities of digital media and the internet – while the InternetEnables; Copyright forbids How many have heard of Creative Commons? CC lets you specify licensing terms which allow for content reuse
- #37 Siyavula (also a Shuttleworth project) supports and encourages communities of teachers to work together, openly share their teaching resources and benefit from the use of technology. Siyavula is based upon the collaborative textbook editor created at Rice University called Connexions and allows South African teachers to collaboratively author textbooks appropriate for their context. The books are also now being printed and recently were added to the approved book list for South African schools~
- #38 http://academicearth.org/This site contains videos from a range of subjects and is available under various open licenses to make sure to check the video you wish to use. Terms of use: http://academicearth.org/pages/terms-of-use
- #43 http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/sizes/o/in/set-72157625612605617/
- #52 Beyond OER: Open education systems – massive open online courses
- #55 The first example is of the IEEE chapter using our CHED computer literacy guides for lab training. Students from the chapter actually wrote to us asking for permission to use the guides. We were able to say “yes absolutely!” they are freely available on our website and the Creative Commons license provides the terms for reuse.
- #56 Next we have a screencast which was created to help people apply the creative commons to offline works. The video was well received and has since been translated into Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish.
- #57 Of course the A guide for first year students, which was a resounding success and has been used by the University of Venda and the University of the Western Cape to help new students acclimate to the university environment.
- #58 One of our greatest stories of reuse was that or Matumo Ramafekeng, whose materials which were published as OER on OpenContent, were selected for publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world
- #60 So often we are apprehensive about sharing our works in progress, our thoughts, our notes, our ideas. Technology today provides us many opportunities to share the process of our learning, rather than just the final product. We can share our reflections and ideas on blogs, our thoughts on Twitter or Facebook, and people can instantly comment and contribute to our own ideas. This goes for teaching materials as well, which are sometimes imperfect or not highly refined. In sharing digital media, we may become teachers to someone who is interested in our work. As they follow our thought process, connect to our ideas and references, they may benefit tremendously from us openly sharing the process of our own learning.
- #61 Thank you!