This document provides an overview of a course on military leadership given at the National Defence University of Malaysia. It introduces the lecturer, scope of the course, and key topics that will be covered such as the concepts of military leadership, qualities of an effective leader, and human motivation. The course will examine the differences between a leader and a manager in the military context and identify the traits and principles needed for effective military leadership.

1. Semester 2 2012/2013
“INTRODUCTION TO MILITARY
LEADRDESHIP”
LECTURER:
LT KOL UNGKU AZLY BIN UNGKU ZAHAR - FPPP
NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY of MALAYSIA
Sungai Besi Camp, 57000
Kuala Lumpur

2. “I SHALL
RETURN”

3. MILITARY LEADERSHIP
Gen Douglas Macarthur

4. SCOPE
 INTRODUCTION.
 MILITARY LEADRESHIP – A LEADER & A MANAGER.
 MILITARY LEADERSHIP CONCEPT.
 PROCESS OF EFFECTIVE MILITARY LEADER.
 MILITARY LEADERSHIP QUALITIES.
 HUMAN & MOTIVATION.
 CONCLUSION.

5. MILITARY
LEADER LEADERSHIP
MANAGER
(COMMANDER)

6. COMMAND
THE AUTHORITY A MEMBER OF THE
ARMED FORCES LAWFULLY EXERTS
OVER SUBORDINATES BY VIRTUE OF HIS
RANK OR ASSIGNMENT.

7. LEADER
A PERSON WHO INFLUENCES
AND DIRECTS OTHERS.

8. MANAGEMENT
THE PROCESS WHEREBY THE
RESOURCES OF MEN, MONEY,
MATERIAL AND FACILITIES ARE
UTILIZED TO ACCOMPLISH THE
MISSIONS AND TASKS OF THE
ORGANISATION. THE FUNCTION OF
MANAGEMENT ARE PLANNING,
ORGANIZING, DIRECTING, CO-
ORDINATING AND CONTROLLING.

9. MILITARY LEADERSHIP
THE ART OF INFLUENCING AND
DIRECTING MAN IN SUCH A WAY AS TO
OBTAIN THEIR WILLING OBEDIENCE,
CONFIDENCE, RESPECT AND LOYAL
COOPERATION IN ORDER TO
ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION.

10. IN WAR THE CHIEF
INCALCULABLE IS THE.
HUMAN WILL
LIDDELL HART

11. LEADERSHIP TRAITS
PERSONAL QUALITIES OF DIRECT
VALUE TO THE LEADER IN GAINING THE
WILLING OBEDIENCE, RESPECT AND
LOYAL COOPERATION OF HIS MEN IN
ACCOMPLISHING HIS MISSION.

12. LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES
FUNDAMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR THE
SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE ACTIONS
AND ORDER IN THE PROPER EXERCISE
OF COMMAND.

13. “The ability to keep a cool head in
an emergency, maintain poise in
the midst of excitement and refuse
to be stampeded are true marks of
leadership”
- R.SHAHNON -

14. FIVE DISTINCT ASPECT OF
AN EFFECTIVE LEADER
 Provide direction
 Team building
 Develop commitment
 Sets example
 Being accepted

15. LEADERSHIP CONCEPT
 QUALITIES CONCEPT - THOSE ASPECTS OF
CHARACTER
 SITUATIONAL CONCEPT – INDIVIDUAL BEST
EQUIPPED WITH THE SKILLS TO DEAL WITH
PARTICULAR SITUATION
 FUNCTIONAL CONCEPT – RECOGNISES THE
INTERACTION BETWEEN THE LEADER, THE GROUP
AND THE SITUATION

16. LEADER Vs MANAGER
 Innovates Administer
 Original Copy
 Develops Maintains
 Focuses on People Focuses on System
 Inspires Trust Relies on Control
 Long Range Perspective Short Range View
 Asks What/why Asks How/when
 Eyes on Horizon Eyes on Bottom Line
 Originates Imitates
 Challenges It Accepts Status Quo
 His Own Person Classic Good Soldier
 Does the Right Things Does good soldier
 Sits in his office Play GOLF

17. PROCESS OF EFFECTIVE LEADER
 CREATING A VISION OF SOME FUTURE
DESIRED STATE – BY ASSESSING WHERE YOU
ARE, AND ENVISIONING WHERE YOU WANT TO BE.
 CREATING A DECISION ON SOME STRATEGY
FOR ACCOMPLISHING THAT DESIRED STATE –
BY FORMULATING THE
DECISION PROBLEM, AND DECIDING BETWEEN
THE ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES.
 CREATING ACTION FOR PUTTING THAT
STRATEGY INTO EFFECT – BY COMMUNICATING THE
CHOSEN STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTING THE STRATEGY BY
EMPOWERING YOUR FOLLOWERS.

18. “Treat a man as he is, and he
will remain as he is, treat a man
as he can and should be, and he
will become as he can and
should be”
- Goethe -

19. LEADERSHIP TRAITS
 LOYALTY.
 COURAGE.
 WILL POWER.
 PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE.
 INITIATIVE.
 JUDGEMENT.
 INTEGRITY.
 SELF CONFIDENCE.
 ENTHUSIUM.
 ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE
 COMPETENCE.
 LOOKING FORWARD.
 ENDURANCE.
 EMPATHY.

20. 1. Integrity value we place in
2. Maturity courage and
consideration
3. Abundance deep sense of
Mentality personal worth
and security

21. Tries to please
everybody eventually
become nothing to
everyone.

22.  being competitive rather than cooperative.
 Methods of manipulations
 threats
 fear
 bribery
 pressure
 deceit
 charms us
 Achieving the ends state.

23. ACT
Analyze your situation Choose
the best strategy
Track your choice.

24. AWARENESS AND
MANAGING

25. SELF
MENTAL
SELF SELF
HUMAN
SPRITUAL PHYSICAL
STRUCTURE
SELF
EMOTIONS

26. SELF AWARENESS
 Knowing one’s internal states
 Preferences
 Resources
 Intuitions
 Emotional Self-awareness – Recognizing one’s
emotions and their effects.
 Accurate Self-awareness – Knowing one’s
strengths and limits.
 Self-confidence – Sureness about one’s self-worth
and capabilities.

27. TIPS TO INCREASE SELF AWARENESS
 Examine how you make appraisal
 Tune in to your senses
 Get in touch with your feeling
 Learn what your intentions are
 Pay attention to your actions

28. SELF MANAGEMENT
 Managing one’s internal states, impulses and
resources.
 Self-control: Managing disruptive emotions and
impulses.
 Conscientiousness and integrity: taking responsibility.
 Adaptability: Flexibility in handling change.
 Initiative and innovation: Readiness to act on
opportunities and openness to new ideas.
 Achievement Drive: Striving to improve or meet a
standard of excellence.

29. SOCIAL AWARENESS
 Awareness: Other’s feeling, needs and concerns.
 Empathy: Sensing other’s feeling and perspective.
 Service Orientation: Anticipate, recognize and meet
customers needs.
 Developing others: Sensing what others need to
develop.
 Political Awareness: Understand group emotional and
power relationship.

30. UNDERSTANDING OTHERS
 What is the person’s feeling?
 Will his feelings effect his thinking?
 Will his feelings effect his behavior
 Will his emotions hamper his ability to be rational?
 List the emotions he is feeling

31. DEVELOP ABILITY TO
USE EMOTIONS
Understand how feelings effects
thinking.
 Happy.
 Fear.
 Surprise.
 Sadness.
 Anger.

32. FEAR of UNCERTAINITY
 False
 Emotions
 Appearing
 Real

33. SOCIAL MANAGEMENT
Adaptability to Organisational environment.
 Leadership: Inspires and guiding Other, influence, effective
persuasion.
 Comms: Clear and convincing msg.
 Change Catalyst: Initiate and manage change.
 Conflict Environment: Negotiating disagreements.
 Collaboration and building bonds: coop with others and
strengthening relationship.
 Team capabilities: Create gp synergy in pursuing collective
goals.

34. NO ONE IS RICH ENOUGH TO
DO WITHOUT A NEIGHBOUR
- DANISH PROVERB -

35. “Those who possess the rare skill to
be angry with the right person, to the
right degree, at the right time, for the
right purpose and in the right way are
at an advantage in any domain in life”

36. ARISTOTLE

37. RESULT OF LOOSE TEMPER
>< JEALOUSY.
>< ENVIOUS.
>< LUSTFUL.
>< SLOTHFUL.

38. WAYS TO SPARK MORALE
 Encourage soldiers to grow.
 Hear their speeches.
 Be consistent.
 Communicate skillfully
 Reward & recognize
 Build relationship constantly.

39. SEVEN HABIT OF UNIQUE HUMAN
ENDOWMENTS
1. Be proactive.
Primary human
2. Begin with an end in Endowment.
mind. (Private Victory)
3. Put first thing first.

40. 4. Thinking win-win.
5. Seek first to Secondary
understand, then to endowment
be understood. (Public Victory)
6. Synergise.

41. 7. Sharpen the saw – Self renewal.

42.  Being competitive rather than cooperative.
 Methods of manipulations
 threats
 fear
 bribery
 pressure
 deceit
 charms us
 Achieving the ends state.

43. A MILITARY LEADER IS CALL A
COMMANDER

44. THE MILITARY LEADERSHIP
 A COMMANDER MUST BE A LEADER.
 A COMMANDER MUST BE ROBUST.
 A COMMANDER MUST HAVE THE MORAL COURAGE
AND RESOLUTION.
 BOLDNESS AND A HEALTHY SENSE OF AGGRESSION.
 A COMMANDER MUST BE A MASTER OF HIS PROFESSION.
 IMAGINATION IS THE QUALITY WHICH DISTINGUISHES
THE GOOD COMMANDER FROM THE MEDIOCRE.
 JUDGEMENT IS COMMON-SENSE BUT REQUIRED OF A COMMANDER
IN AN UNCOMMON DEGREE.
 A COMMANDER MUST MAKE HIS DECISION IN SUFFICIENT TIME.
 A COMMANDER SHOULD HAVE THE FLEXIBILITY OF MIND.
 LASTLY THE NEED FOR INTEGRITY, MORAL COURAGE, HONESTY AND
LOYALTY.

45. THE POLITICAL OBJECT IS THE GOAL,
WAR IS THE MEANS OF REACHING IT,
AND THE MEANS CAN NEVER BE
CONSIDERED IN ISOLATION FROM
THEIR PURPOSE
Clausewitz