IGCSE Biology 0610/ Syllabus 2020-2022/
Coursebook: Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook (third edition), Mary Jones and Geoff Jones, Cambridge University Press.
note: free to share and use ...is designed for level B1-B2. cheers,...
Characteristics and classification of living organisms igcse o level 0610tilawat khan
The slides is about lesson characteristic and classification of living organism .
Course IGCSE O level Biology 0610
By Tilawat khan microbiology
Email:tk.microbiologist@gmail.com
Cambridge igcse biology ( 2016 2018) classification of living organismsMr Tarek Saad Ibrahim
This document discusses the key characteristics of living organisms and methods of biological classification. It describes the characteristics of movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition that define life. It also explains the concepts of classification, putting organisms into groups based on similarities, and the binomial naming system. Specific phyla and classes within the animal and plant kingdoms are outlined, along with the distinctive features of fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes, viruses and different types of plants and animals.
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about classification in the variety of living organisms section. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
This document provides information about nutrition and balanced diets. It discusses the main nutrients required - carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fiber and water. It describes how to test for these nutrients and the importance of a balanced diet. Not eating a balanced diet can lead to malnutrition and health problems like obesity, heart disease and constipation. The document also discusses how microorganisms are used in food production and the uses and risks of food additives.
- A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in organisms, and all organisms are unicellular or multicellular.
- Key structures of the animal cell include the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and centrioles. The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, the nucleus houses genetic material, and mitochondria generate energy.
- Plant cells also contain a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a central vacuole. The cell wall provides structure and support, chloroplasts facilitate photosynthesis, and the vacuole stores water and nutrients.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood throughout the body in two circulation loops - pulmonary circulation to the lungs and systemic circulation to the rest of the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products and circulates in a double circulation through arteries, veins, and capillaries where gas and nutrient exchange occurs. The circulatory system helps transport these materials, fight infections, regulate temperature and pH, and heal injuries through clotting.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in biology, including:
1) The eight main characteristics shared by living organisms: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition.
2) There are estimated to be millions of living species, but only a small fraction have been identified and classified.
3) Classification systems group organisms into a hierarchy of kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species to show evolutionary relationships. The scientific name uses binomial nomenclature to identify each species.
Characteristics and classification of living organisms igcse o level 0610tilawat khan
The slides is about lesson characteristic and classification of living organism .
Course IGCSE O level Biology 0610
By Tilawat khan microbiology
Email:tk.microbiologist@gmail.com
Cambridge igcse biology ( 2016 2018) classification of living organismsMr Tarek Saad Ibrahim
This document discusses the key characteristics of living organisms and methods of biological classification. It describes the characteristics of movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition that define life. It also explains the concepts of classification, putting organisms into groups based on similarities, and the binomial naming system. Specific phyla and classes within the animal and plant kingdoms are outlined, along with the distinctive features of fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes, viruses and different types of plants and animals.
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about classification in the variety of living organisms section. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
This document provides information about nutrition and balanced diets. It discusses the main nutrients required - carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fiber and water. It describes how to test for these nutrients and the importance of a balanced diet. Not eating a balanced diet can lead to malnutrition and health problems like obesity, heart disease and constipation. The document also discusses how microorganisms are used in food production and the uses and risks of food additives.
- A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in organisms, and all organisms are unicellular or multicellular.
- Key structures of the animal cell include the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and centrioles. The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, the nucleus houses genetic material, and mitochondria generate energy.
- Plant cells also contain a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a central vacuole. The cell wall provides structure and support, chloroplasts facilitate photosynthesis, and the vacuole stores water and nutrients.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood throughout the body in two circulation loops - pulmonary circulation to the lungs and systemic circulation to the rest of the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products and circulates in a double circulation through arteries, veins, and capillaries where gas and nutrient exchange occurs. The circulatory system helps transport these materials, fight infections, regulate temperature and pH, and heal injuries through clotting.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in biology, including:
1) The eight main characteristics shared by living organisms: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition.
2) There are estimated to be millions of living species, but only a small fraction have been identified and classified.
3) Classification systems group organisms into a hierarchy of kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species to show evolutionary relationships. The scientific name uses binomial nomenclature to identify each species.
This document provides an overview of key biology concepts covered in IGCSE Biology. It discusses the seven characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition. It also covers cell structure, including differences between plant and animal cells. Additionally, it summarizes the five kingdoms of classification (Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals) and mechanisms of transport across cell membranes, such as diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
Cell - cell structure - Tissues, Organ systems and organisms (IGCSE Biology)Vasiliki Makrygianni
Presentation on the Cell structure, organelles, tissues, organ systems and organisms. Designed for IGCSE Cambridge Biology
Added sample exam style questions to test your knowledge at the end of the slides.
The document discusses the components of a balanced diet, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water, and dietary fiber. It explains that carbohydrates should make up 45-65% of the diet and are a source of energy. Proteins should make up 10-35% and are needed for growth and cell repair. Lipids provide long-term energy storage and insulation. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients necessary for proper bodily functions. Energy requirements vary depending on activity levels, age, and pregnancy.
This document describes the circulatory systems of fish and mammals. It explains that fish have a single circulation where blood passes through the heart once to be oxygenated at the gills before circulating to the body. Mammals have a double circulation where blood passes through the heart twice - to the lungs to be oxygenated and then again to the body in separate circuits. The advantages of double circulation are that it increases blood pressure and flow to tissues, which is important for large mammals and those with high metabolic rates.
This document provides information about biological molecules and enzymes for an International GCSE Biology exam. It defines carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids as the three main types of biological molecules, and describes their structures and components. It also explains enzyme function using the lock and key theory and discusses how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature and pH. Practical investigations are described for testing food samples for glucose, starch, protein and fat, as well as experiments on how enzyme activity of amylase is influenced by temperature and pH changes.
Edexcel IGCSE - Human Biology - Chapter 14 - Human influences on the environmentChandima Walpita Gamage
This document discusses ecosystems and human influences on the environment. It defines ecosystems and their key components like producers, consumers, and decomposers. It explains photosynthesis and how plants convert glucose for storage, transport, and growth. Food chains and webs show feeding relationships between trophic levels in an ecosystem. Ecological pyramids represent these relationships. The document also covers human waste treatment like sewage systems and pit latrines. It discusses pollution issues like eutrophication from excess nutrients and air pollution from carbon emissions. Reforestation helps address problems caused by deforestation.
This document discusses classification and biodiversity. It explains that classification is the process of organizing things into groups based on similarities. Classifying helps find, organize, and understand things better and allows us to predict. In biology, organisms are classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes depending on whether they have a nucleus or vacuole. A dichotomous key uses a series of yes/no questions to identify organisms, similar to a flowchart. The document demonstrates this through sample dichotomous keys for plants. It suggests an activity where students create their own dichotomous key to classify plastic organisms.
There are two transport systems in plants - xylem and phloem. Xylem vessels transport water and minerals up from the roots through hollow tubes made of lignin. Phloem vessels transport sugars and amino acids throughout the plant through living cells connected by pores. Water moves up xylem vessels through capillary action and transpiration. Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from leaves through stomata and is affected by temperature, wind, humidity, and light intensity. Plants have adaptations like waxy cuticles, sunken stomata, and water storage to reduce water loss in dry climates.
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cellsmrexham
This document is a PowerPoint presentation on the processes of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport that allow substances to move in and out of cells. It defines each process and explains how surface area, temperature, and concentration gradients affect their rates. It also describes a simple experiment demonstrating diffusion using a semipermeable membrane and solutions with different sugar concentrations.
Cell division and inheritance allows organisms to grow and pass genetic information between generations. During cell division, DNA is replicated and divided between new cells so they have the same characteristics. There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces identical cells while meiosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes. Genes determine traits and alleles are different forms of genes. Dominant alleles show up in offspring while recessive alleles only show if an organism is homozygous recessive. Genetic crosses using Punnett squares can predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes from parent genotypes.
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproductionmrexham
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about sexual and asexual reproduction in humans. It defines sexual reproduction as involving the fusion of male and female gametes through fertilization to form a zygote. Asexual reproduction occurs through mitosis, where cells divide to form genetically identical offspring. The presentation describes the processes of meiosis in gamete formation and mitosis in embryo development. It compares the key differences between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Mr Exham IGCSE - Cell Differentiation and Organisationmrexham
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about cell differentiation and organisation. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
1. Urea is produced in the liver from excess amino acids and is removed from the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine. Carbon dioxide is produced during respiration and is removed from the body through exhalation in the lungs.
2. Egestion refers to the removal of undigested food from the body, while excretion is the removal of waste products from metabolic processes.
3. During deamination, amino acids are broken down in the liver into components, one of which is converted to urea while the other combines with carbon dioxide to form urea.
All living things are made of cells, can sense and respond to their environment to maintain homeostasis, and reproduce either sexually with sperm and egg cells or asexually with one parent cell. They possess genetic material like DNA or RNA that contains codes passed down between generations and use energy, either from the sun as producers or by consuming other organisms as consumers, to grow through cell division and specialization.
This document provides information about enzymes and how they function as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions. It discusses that enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells and do not get used in the reactions. The document describes how enzymes have an active site that binds to substrate molecules in a lock-and-key mechanism. It explains that temperature and pH can affect the shape of the active site and enzyme function, with most enzymes working best around body temperature and pH 7. It proposes a simple experiment using the enzyme amylase to show how reaction time is affected by temperature.
IGCSE Biology - Chemical Coordination in Plantsmrexham
This PowerPoint answers the following questions:
Do you understand that plants respond to stimuli?
Can you give an example of positive phototropism?
How do plant roots and stems respond to gravity?
It covers section 3.3 of the IGCSE Edexcel Biology Course.
Classification of Living & Non Living ThingsPuna Ripiye
The document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things, and between plants and animals. Living things can grow, move, respire, and respond to their environment, while non-living things cannot. Plants and animals also differ in that plants can produce their own food, have cell walls, and lack advanced sensory and nervous systems, whereas animals consume other organisms for food and have more complex cellular structures and sensory abilities.
This document provides an overview of key biology concepts covered in IGCSE Biology. It discusses the seven characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition. It also covers cell structure, including differences between plant and animal cells. Additionally, it summarizes the five kingdoms of classification (Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals) and mechanisms of transport across cell membranes, such as diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
Cell - cell structure - Tissues, Organ systems and organisms (IGCSE Biology)Vasiliki Makrygianni
Presentation on the Cell structure, organelles, tissues, organ systems and organisms. Designed for IGCSE Cambridge Biology
Added sample exam style questions to test your knowledge at the end of the slides.
The document discusses the components of a balanced diet, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water, and dietary fiber. It explains that carbohydrates should make up 45-65% of the diet and are a source of energy. Proteins should make up 10-35% and are needed for growth and cell repair. Lipids provide long-term energy storage and insulation. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients necessary for proper bodily functions. Energy requirements vary depending on activity levels, age, and pregnancy.
This document describes the circulatory systems of fish and mammals. It explains that fish have a single circulation where blood passes through the heart once to be oxygenated at the gills before circulating to the body. Mammals have a double circulation where blood passes through the heart twice - to the lungs to be oxygenated and then again to the body in separate circuits. The advantages of double circulation are that it increases blood pressure and flow to tissues, which is important for large mammals and those with high metabolic rates.
This document provides information about biological molecules and enzymes for an International GCSE Biology exam. It defines carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids as the three main types of biological molecules, and describes their structures and components. It also explains enzyme function using the lock and key theory and discusses how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature and pH. Practical investigations are described for testing food samples for glucose, starch, protein and fat, as well as experiments on how enzyme activity of amylase is influenced by temperature and pH changes.
Edexcel IGCSE - Human Biology - Chapter 14 - Human influences on the environmentChandima Walpita Gamage
This document discusses ecosystems and human influences on the environment. It defines ecosystems and their key components like producers, consumers, and decomposers. It explains photosynthesis and how plants convert glucose for storage, transport, and growth. Food chains and webs show feeding relationships between trophic levels in an ecosystem. Ecological pyramids represent these relationships. The document also covers human waste treatment like sewage systems and pit latrines. It discusses pollution issues like eutrophication from excess nutrients and air pollution from carbon emissions. Reforestation helps address problems caused by deforestation.
This document discusses classification and biodiversity. It explains that classification is the process of organizing things into groups based on similarities. Classifying helps find, organize, and understand things better and allows us to predict. In biology, organisms are classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes depending on whether they have a nucleus or vacuole. A dichotomous key uses a series of yes/no questions to identify organisms, similar to a flowchart. The document demonstrates this through sample dichotomous keys for plants. It suggests an activity where students create their own dichotomous key to classify plastic organisms.
There are two transport systems in plants - xylem and phloem. Xylem vessels transport water and minerals up from the roots through hollow tubes made of lignin. Phloem vessels transport sugars and amino acids throughout the plant through living cells connected by pores. Water moves up xylem vessels through capillary action and transpiration. Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from leaves through stomata and is affected by temperature, wind, humidity, and light intensity. Plants have adaptations like waxy cuticles, sunken stomata, and water storage to reduce water loss in dry climates.
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cellsmrexham
This document is a PowerPoint presentation on the processes of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport that allow substances to move in and out of cells. It defines each process and explains how surface area, temperature, and concentration gradients affect their rates. It also describes a simple experiment demonstrating diffusion using a semipermeable membrane and solutions with different sugar concentrations.
Cell division and inheritance allows organisms to grow and pass genetic information between generations. During cell division, DNA is replicated and divided between new cells so they have the same characteristics. There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces identical cells while meiosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes. Genes determine traits and alleles are different forms of genes. Dominant alleles show up in offspring while recessive alleles only show if an organism is homozygous recessive. Genetic crosses using Punnett squares can predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes from parent genotypes.
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproductionmrexham
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about sexual and asexual reproduction in humans. It defines sexual reproduction as involving the fusion of male and female gametes through fertilization to form a zygote. Asexual reproduction occurs through mitosis, where cells divide to form genetically identical offspring. The presentation describes the processes of meiosis in gamete formation and mitosis in embryo development. It compares the key differences between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Mr Exham IGCSE - Cell Differentiation and Organisationmrexham
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about cell differentiation and organisation. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
1. Urea is produced in the liver from excess amino acids and is removed from the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine. Carbon dioxide is produced during respiration and is removed from the body through exhalation in the lungs.
2. Egestion refers to the removal of undigested food from the body, while excretion is the removal of waste products from metabolic processes.
3. During deamination, amino acids are broken down in the liver into components, one of which is converted to urea while the other combines with carbon dioxide to form urea.
All living things are made of cells, can sense and respond to their environment to maintain homeostasis, and reproduce either sexually with sperm and egg cells or asexually with one parent cell. They possess genetic material like DNA or RNA that contains codes passed down between generations and use energy, either from the sun as producers or by consuming other organisms as consumers, to grow through cell division and specialization.
This document provides information about enzymes and how they function as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions. It discusses that enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells and do not get used in the reactions. The document describes how enzymes have an active site that binds to substrate molecules in a lock-and-key mechanism. It explains that temperature and pH can affect the shape of the active site and enzyme function, with most enzymes working best around body temperature and pH 7. It proposes a simple experiment using the enzyme amylase to show how reaction time is affected by temperature.
IGCSE Biology - Chemical Coordination in Plantsmrexham
This PowerPoint answers the following questions:
Do you understand that plants respond to stimuli?
Can you give an example of positive phototropism?
How do plant roots and stems respond to gravity?
It covers section 3.3 of the IGCSE Edexcel Biology Course.
Classification of Living & Non Living ThingsPuna Ripiye
The document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things, and between plants and animals. Living things can grow, move, respire, and respond to their environment, while non-living things cannot. Plants and animals also differ in that plants can produce their own food, have cell walls, and lack advanced sensory and nervous systems, whereas animals consume other organisms for food and have more complex cellular structures and sensory abilities.
This document discusses key characteristics of living organisms and provides examples. It begins by outlining characteristics such as growth, reproduction, metabolism, response to stimuli, homeostasis, and cellular organization. It then discusses several characteristics in more depth, including growth, reproduction, metabolism, cellular organization, and consciousness. The document emphasizes that while these are common traits of living things, no single characteristic can definitively define life. It also covers scientific classification and nomenclature of organisms.
LET Review in Natural Science (Mentoring Session)Raiza Joy Orcena
The epiglottis is a flap-like structure that prevents the food from going the wrong way during swallowing into the trachea (windpipe) and lungs. It covers the larynx during swallowing and opens during breathing.
Simply put, the living world can be described as the world around us. It comprises all living creatures, plants and microorganisms that we cannot see. It has changed over the course of billions of years but the general composition has remained the same. The main components are still organic and inorganic matter. Living things are divided into five kingdoms: animal, plant, fungi, protist and monera. Living things are divided into five kingdoms: animal, plant, fungi, protist and monera. Living things are divided into five kingdoms: animal, plant, fungi, protist and monera.
This document discusses biology and its branches. It defines biology as the study of life and outlines many sub-disciplines within biology including botany, zoology, anatomy, and ecology. It also describes the basic units of life like cells, atoms, and biomolecules. Specifically, it contrasts the key differences between plant and animal cells like plant cells having cell walls and chloroplasts while animal cells do not.
Discuss the characteristics that make something a protist as well as.pdfARORACOCKERY2111
Discuss the characteristics that make something a protist as well as protists acting as misfit
ie.disease causing.
Solution
Protits are eukaryotes, the first form of eukaryotic living
Talking about characteristics of protists:
1. Protists are mostly unicellular (single-celled), few of them atre multicellular.
2. Protists can be classified on the basis of how they move i,e. whether they move or not and how
they obtain their nutrition.
Animal like protists and fungus like protists they are dependent on other organisms for nutrition,
hence they cannot prepare their own food and these are known as hetreotrophs. Aslo animal like
protists are parasites which live on other large organisms.
Plant like protists like algae they can make their own food and are known as autotrophs.
Fungus like protists for an example slime mold, they live on dead and decaying matter and
obtain their food externally.
On the basis whether they can move or not they can be classified as flagella, pseudopodia or
cilia. The animal like protists includes protozoans.
3. As protists are eukaryotes, they have nucleus and have bound organelles
.Protists can be harmful and therefore it can be diseases causing as well. Animal protists they kill
the bacteris in order to get food.
Plasmodium like protists which causes malaria ,which is transferred from one person to another
through mosquito female Anopheles. The sickness is caused as the parasites while living its life
cycle inside the host organisms deforms the red blood cells. Therefore these protists causes
diseases..
The document summarizes key information about the protist kingdom. It defines protists as eukaryotic organisms that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi. Protists exhibit diverse characteristics including unicellular or multicellular forms, modes of nutrition, and mechanisms of locomotion. The document categorizes major protist groups such as protozoans, algae, and slime molds. It provides examples and descriptions of important protist taxa to illustrate the diversity within the kingdom.
The document discusses biology and its branches. It begins by defining biology as the study of life, including the structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy of living organisms. Modern biology is broad and composed of many branches and subdisciplines, but it is unified by concepts like recognizing the cell as the basic unit of life and evolution as driving the creation of new species. The hierarchy of biological organization extends from atoms to entire biospheres. Some key branches of biology mentioned include anatomy, ecology, genetics, microbiology, and zoology.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Sample ebook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
Biology is the branch of science which deals with the study of living organism and their life processes. It covers all aspect of the study of living creatures like growth, structure, occurrence, classification, ecology, economics importance, external form, organization, internal structure, nutrition among others
The document discusses classification systems used to organize living things into taxonomic groups based on similarities and evolutionary relationships. It describes the five-kingdom system and binomial naming convention. Key groups covered include animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, protoctists, and viruses. Characteristics used to classify vertebrates like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals are also outlined.
Classification is the systematic grouping of organisms based on similarities. The document discusses various systems of classification including artificial, natural, and phylogenetic systems. It then describes the five kingdom system of classification proposed by Whitaker which divides organisms into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia based on characteristics like cell structure, nutrition mode, and complexity. Each kingdom is defined along with examples of major groups within them. Finally, merits and demerits of the five kingdom system are outlined.
Biology is the study of living organisms and their vital processes. It has many branches that study different aspects of life, including botany, zoology, microbiology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and more. Some key figures in the development of various biological fields are Aristotle (father of biology), Theophrastus (father of botany), Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (father of microbiology), and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (coined the term "biology"). Biology also has applied branches like agriculture, horticulture, sericulture, and branches related to medical sciences like cardiology, oncology, dermatology and more.
Plant and animal cells differ in their structures. Plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis while animal cells do not. Microorganisms are microscopic organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye. They include bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses. The objectives are to differentiate plant and animal cells, identify eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, and discuss the effects of microorganisms.
20200909-XI-Biology-The Living World-1 of 1-Ppt.pdfallyourneeds8682
This document provides an overview of key concepts in biology related to what defines living organisms. It discusses characteristics such as growth, reproduction, metabolism, response to stimuli, and cellular organization. It also covers biodiversity, identification, nomenclature, classification, and the binomial nomenclature system introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. The document is from a Class XI biology lesson on the living world.
This document discusses various topics related to pharmacognosy including:
1. The definition and history of pharmacognosy as the study of drugs from natural sources like plants and animals.
2. Characteristics of living organisms such as growth, nutrition, movement, reproduction, and sensitivity.
3. Robert Whittaker's five kingdom classification of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
4. Modifications of plant stems that occur underground, on the ground, or aerially to aid functions like storage, protection, and propagation.
CBSE Class 11 PCB Sample ebook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
CBSE Class 11 and 12 PCM Sample ebook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
CBSE Class 11 and 12 PCB Sample ebook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
Similar to IGCSE Biology 0610 - Introduction to Biology - Characteristics of living organisms - Binomial Nomenclature - Kingdoms (20)
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Cells are the smallest unit that can be said to be alive and are often called the "building blocks of life". The study of cells is called cell biology and their structure and functions can vary between plant and animal cells as well as single-celled and multi-celled organisms.
The document discusses microscope safety levels and calculating magnification. It explains that level 3 safety involves using simple equipment correctly, while level 4 means using equipment safely. It also provides instructions for calculating magnification by multiplying the lens magnification by 10, and gives an example of a 40x lens yielding 400x magnification. The document appears to include images and descriptions of onion cells at different magnifications.
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
2. ● Biology is the science of life. Its name derives from
the Greek words "bios" (life) and "logos" (study).
● Biologists study the structure, function, growth,
origin, evolution and distribution of living organisms.
● The study of life and all living organisms along with
their characteristics, environment and evolution
3. Characteristics of living organisms
Living organisms have the following characteristics in common:
● Movement - they can move and change their position.
● Reproduction – they can make more of the same kind of
organism as themselves.
● Sensitivity – they can detect or sense stimuli and respond to
them.
● Growth - they can permanently increase their size or dry mass
by increasing the number or size of their cells.
● Respiration – they can create chemical reactions that break
down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy.
● Excretion – they can excrete toxic materials, waste products of
metabolism, and excess substances
● Nutrition - they can take in and absorb nutrients such as organic
substances and mineral ions. These nutrients contain the raw
materials or energy needed for growth and tissue repair.
4. The Binomial System
The Binomial System of scientifically naming
organisms was developed by Carolus Linnaeus of
Sweden. It consists of the organism’s Genus and
species name, and thus it is called as Binomial. It
consists of 7 levels:
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
5. Now, let’s take up a simple example:
Humans
Kingdom- Animal
Phylum- Vertebrates
Class- Mammalia
Order- Primate
Family- Hominidae
Genus- Homo
Species- Sapiens
6. Key definitions
A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce to
produce fertile offspring.
The binomial systemis an internationally agreed system in
which the scientific name of an organism is made up of
two parts showing the genus and the species
Rules for writing scientific names:
The first letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalised
e.g. Homo sapiens
The first letter of the species is NEVER capitalised
Scientific names of organisms are always italicized or underlined
8. ● Protoctista: are organisms with a nucleus, and
many flexible organelles amongst their species
(for example, some have chloroplasts and cell
walls like plants and some like animal cells
without these distinguishing characteristics).
Their main characteristics include:
●
● unicellular or multi-cellular bodies
● cells with or without cell wall and chloroplasts
● some species are autotrophic, rest are
heterotrophic
● all species have cells with nucleus
9. ● Fungi: are organisms which do not have
chlorophyll, thus are heterotrophic and feed on
dead organic matter parasitically. The most
common known is the edible mushroom; others
include fungi causing diseases like athlete’s
foot, ringworm etc. Their characteristics include:
● Multicellular bodies (very few are unicellular)
● Have nuclei
● Reproduce by spore production
● Are heterotrophic
● Don’t have chloroplasts
● Feed by parasitic or saprophytic means on
organic dead matter
10. ● The Plant Kingdom
●
● Phylum Angiosperm:
● Have root, stem and leaves
● Have xylem and phloem
● Reproduce by seed production
● Seeds are produced inside the ovary of the
flower
● Phloem: Transports sugar
● Xylem: Transports water and minerals
11. Viruses
is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells
of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from
animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and
archaea.
Entirely microscopic
Consisting of a single nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
Capable of replication only within living cells of bacteria, animals or
plants.
Example of Viruses: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Tuberculosis,
etc.
Prokaryotes
Bacteria are prokaryotic and unicellular. they have cell walls and
circular DNA called plasmids. They are Heterotrophs or Autotrophs.
Example: L.bulgaricus