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This document discusses key concepts in language testing and assessment. It defines language testing, outlines fundamental assessment concepts like measurement, evaluation, and the differences between tests, examinations and quizzes. It also covers the purposes of language assessment, types of tests like proficiency, achievement, diagnostic and aptitude tests. The document contrasts different testing methods such as direct vs indirect, discrete point vs integrative, and norm-referenced vs criterion-referenced testing. It also discusses high-stakes vs low-stakes testing and contrasts classroom assessment with large-scale standardized testing.



























