Types of tests: proficiency, achievement, diagnostic, placement
Types of testing: direct vs indirect tests, discrete point vs integrative tests, criterion-referenced vs norm-referenced tests, objective vs subjective tests
kinds of tests and testing
proficiency tests- achievement tests, diagnostics test, placement tests, direct and indirect test, discrete point and intergrative testing, norm-referenced and criterion testing, objective testing and subjective testing, computer adapting testing
Communicative Language Teaching is the cornerstone for approaches that have shifted from a grammar-based language view to a functional view of language where communication is the main objective. Such approaches are CBI (Content-based instruction) and TBI (Task-based instruction). Today, both CBI and TBI are the leading approaches most teachers are currently using to teach a second/foreign language around the world. Both approaches have been proven to be effective, and the most important thing is that students are truly learning to use language to communicate their ideas to different audiences.
Language Assessment - Standards-Based Assessment by EFL LearnersEFL Learning
ELD (English Language Development) Standard involves dozens of curiculum and assessment specialist, teachers, and researchers.Number of domains; Categories of language, Student’s need , Number and scope of standards, Set of standards for teachers, Means available.
This was a volunteer work in order to summerize those relevant points for me, my partner and classmates.
Based on Prof. Glenn Fulcher's videos extracted from his own website:
http://languagetesting.info/video/main.html
Basically, we concentrated our work on the following videos:
Pretesting, J. D. Brown.
Vocabulary, John Read.
Reading, Caroline Clapham.
Speaking, Glenn Fulcher.
Listening, Gary Buck.
Item writing, Charles Stansfield.
Writing, Liz Hamp-Lyons.
Types of tests: proficiency, achievement, diagnostic, placement
Types of testing: direct vs indirect tests, discrete point vs integrative tests, criterion-referenced vs norm-referenced tests, objective vs subjective tests
kinds of tests and testing
proficiency tests- achievement tests, diagnostics test, placement tests, direct and indirect test, discrete point and intergrative testing, norm-referenced and criterion testing, objective testing and subjective testing, computer adapting testing
Communicative Language Teaching is the cornerstone for approaches that have shifted from a grammar-based language view to a functional view of language where communication is the main objective. Such approaches are CBI (Content-based instruction) and TBI (Task-based instruction). Today, both CBI and TBI are the leading approaches most teachers are currently using to teach a second/foreign language around the world. Both approaches have been proven to be effective, and the most important thing is that students are truly learning to use language to communicate their ideas to different audiences.
Language Assessment - Standards-Based Assessment by EFL LearnersEFL Learning
ELD (English Language Development) Standard involves dozens of curiculum and assessment specialist, teachers, and researchers.Number of domains; Categories of language, Student’s need , Number and scope of standards, Set of standards for teachers, Means available.
This was a volunteer work in order to summerize those relevant points for me, my partner and classmates.
Based on Prof. Glenn Fulcher's videos extracted from his own website:
http://languagetesting.info/video/main.html
Basically, we concentrated our work on the following videos:
Pretesting, J. D. Brown.
Vocabulary, John Read.
Reading, Caroline Clapham.
Speaking, Glenn Fulcher.
Listening, Gary Buck.
Item writing, Charles Stansfield.
Writing, Liz Hamp-Lyons.
Legitimising Knowers’ Multiple Voices in L2 Postgraduate WritingLok Ming Eric Cheung
In academic writing, L2 postgraduate (PG) writers often find negotiating a space for their own authorial voice challenging. In addition to overcome proficiency issues, it is difficult to appropriate discourse strategies to assert their own voices, display and evaluate knowledge. Focusing on PG writing, I adopt a case study approach in this paper to follow two Master of Arts (MA) Applied Linguistics students in a Hong Kong university. The case study examines their “journeys” searching for authorial voice within two semesters in their one-year postgraduate study. In this paper, I examine the academic context through the data collected in six rounds of group and individual semi-structured student interviews in two semesters. The student interview data is supplemented by eight individual semi-structured interviews of four MA course instructors. I then move on to discuss the discourse and lexicogrammatical features of the eight papers submitted by the two students. These written texts were analysed using APPRAISAL framework (Martin and White, 2005). I focus on ENGAGEMENT resources, investigating the writers sourcing of their own and other voices for (dis)alignment with readership. I also analyse the PG students’ written texts in terms of semantic profile and legitimation codes of specialization (Maton, 2009). The notions help us understand the shift of "the context-dependence and condensation of meaning of knowledge practices... over time" (Maton, 2013, p.8). The findings demonstrate the two student writers’ ability to contextualise the learnt theories explicit sourcing of their own voice and evaluating their objects of study. Meanwhile, the findings also reflect the two writers’ weaknesses in abstracting their experiences as condensed knowledge through strategies such as nominalisation. The implications can shed light on academic writing pedagogy and provide a clearer understanding of explicit lexicogrammatical resources PG writers may use to source, balance and evaluative their own and other authorial voices.
References
Martin, James & White, Peter. 2005. The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
1. Discrete Point and Integrative
Testing
By:
Indriyatul Munawaroh (14020084056)
Lulu’atun Ni’mah (14020084062)
Qorin Rahmaniyah (14020084069)
Putri Rahayu (14020084073)
2. Discrete Point
A completely discrete-point item would test simple
one point or objective such as testing for the
meaning of a word isolation
Example:
Choose the correct meaning of the word paralysis.
(A)Inability to survive
(B)State of unconsciousness
(C)State of stuck
(D)Being in pain
3. Testing of one element at a time, item by item or
series of items each testing a particular grammar
structure.
4. Integrative Testing
• Unified set of interacting abilities that cannot be
tested separately (Oller, 1979).
• This emphasizes the simultaneous testing of the
testee's multiple linguistic competence from
various perspectives.