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Introduction to Complex Numbers
Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying
And Dividing Complex Numbers
SPI 3103.2.1 Describe any number in the complex number system.
Complex Numbers (a + bi)
Natural (Counting) Numbers
Imaginary #’s
Complex Numbers are written in
the form a + bi, where a is the real
part and b is the imaginary part.
a + bi
real part
imaginary part
When adding complex numbers,
add the real parts together and
add the imaginary parts together.
(3 + 7i) + (8 + 11i)
real part
imaginary part
11 + 18i
When subtracting complex numbers,
be sure to distribute the subtraction
sign; then add like parts.
(5 + 10i) – (15 – 2i)
–10 + 12i
5 + 10i – 15 + 2i
When multiplying complex numbers,
use the distributive property and
simplify.
(3 – 8i)(5 + 7i)
71 – 19i
15 + 21i – 40i – 56i2
15 – 19i + 56 Remember,
i
2
= –1
To divide complex numbers, multiply
the numerator and denominator by
the complex conjugate of the
complex number in the denominator
of the fraction.
7 + 2i
3 – 5i
The complex conjugate of
3 – 5i is 3 + 5i.
7 + 2i
3 – 5i
21 + 35i + 6i + 10i2
9 + 15i – 15i – 25i2
21 + 41i – 10
9 + 25
(3 + 5i)
(3 + 5i)
11 + 41i
34
Try These.
1. (3 + 5i) – (11 – 9i)
2. (5 – 6i)(2 + 7i)
3. 2 – 3i
5 + 8i
4. (19 – i) + (4 + 15i)
Try These.
1. (3 + 5i) – (11 – 9i) -8 + 14i
2. (5 – 6i)(2 + 7i) 52 + 23i
3. 2 – 3i –14 – 31i
5 + 8i 89
4. (19 – i) + (4 + 15i) 23 + 14i
Investigate the powers of i.
Power Exponential form simplified
1 i 0+i
2 i2 -1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
27
70
-10

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Intro to Complex Numbers.pptx

  • 1. Introduction to Complex Numbers Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying And Dividing Complex Numbers SPI 3103.2.1 Describe any number in the complex number system.
  • 2. Complex Numbers (a + bi) Natural (Counting) Numbers Imaginary #’s
  • 3. Complex Numbers are written in the form a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. a + bi real part imaginary part
  • 4. When adding complex numbers, add the real parts together and add the imaginary parts together. (3 + 7i) + (8 + 11i) real part imaginary part 11 + 18i
  • 5. When subtracting complex numbers, be sure to distribute the subtraction sign; then add like parts. (5 + 10i) – (15 – 2i) –10 + 12i 5 + 10i – 15 + 2i
  • 6. When multiplying complex numbers, use the distributive property and simplify. (3 – 8i)(5 + 7i) 71 – 19i 15 + 21i – 40i – 56i2 15 – 19i + 56 Remember, i 2 = –1
  • 7. To divide complex numbers, multiply the numerator and denominator by the complex conjugate of the complex number in the denominator of the fraction. 7 + 2i 3 – 5i The complex conjugate of 3 – 5i is 3 + 5i.
  • 8. 7 + 2i 3 – 5i 21 + 35i + 6i + 10i2 9 + 15i – 15i – 25i2 21 + 41i – 10 9 + 25 (3 + 5i) (3 + 5i) 11 + 41i 34
  • 9. Try These. 1. (3 + 5i) – (11 – 9i) 2. (5 – 6i)(2 + 7i) 3. 2 – 3i 5 + 8i 4. (19 – i) + (4 + 15i)
  • 10. Try These. 1. (3 + 5i) – (11 – 9i) -8 + 14i 2. (5 – 6i)(2 + 7i) 52 + 23i 3. 2 – 3i –14 – 31i 5 + 8i 89 4. (19 – i) + (4 + 15i) 23 + 14i
  • 11. Investigate the powers of i. Power Exponential form simplified 1 i 0+i 2 i2 -1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 27 70 -10