International Journal of Automatic Control System vol 2 issue 1

Mechanical Engineering
Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering
Architecture
Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,
Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India
E-mail: info@journalspub.com
¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy and
Applications
¬ International Journal of Production Engineering
¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering
and Design
¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and
Materials Processing
¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and
Automation
« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design
« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology
« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging
Technologies
« International Journal of Digital Electronics
« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog
Signals
« International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement
Planning
« International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure
Planning
« International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning
Development
« International Journal of Town Planning and Management
Applied Mechanics
5 more...
1 more...
2 more...
2 more...
5 more...
Computer Science and Engineering
« International Journal of Wireless Network Security
« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis
« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices
« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing
« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms
Nanotechnology
« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology
« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures
« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology
« International Journal of Solid State Materials
« International Journal of Optical Sciences
Physics
« International Journal of Renewable Energy and its
Commercialization
« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
« International Journal of Agrochemistry
« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial
Pollution
Civil Engineering
« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering
« International Journal of Concrete Technology
« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis
« International Journal of Construction Engineering and
Planning
Electrical Engineering
« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits
« International Journal of Automatic Control System
« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives
« International Journal of Electrical Communication
Engineering
« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and
Circuits
Material Sciences and Engineering
« International Journal of Energetic Materials
« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials
« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology
« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical
Engineering
Chemistry
« International Journal of Photochemistry
« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry
« International Journal of Green Chemistry
« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular
Engineering
« International Journal of Electro Mechanics and
Mechanical Behaviour
« International Journal of Machine Design and
Manufacturing
« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics
and Analysis
« International Journal of Fracture and damage
Mechanics
« International Journal of Structural Mechanics
and Finite Elements
5 more...
4 more...
3 more...
Biotechnology
« International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and
Biomaterials
« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology
« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology
« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules
« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and
Applications
3 more...
Nursing
« International Journal of Immunological Nursing
« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
« International Journal of Neurological Nursing
« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing
« International Journal of Oncological Nursing
5 more... 4 more...
Subm
it
Your A
rticle2016
International Journal of
Automatic Control
System
IJACSJAN – JUNE 2016
www.journalspub.com

International Journals Publisher
JournalsPub is a multi-disciplinary international journal boosting innovative & eminence research work
by Division of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. Ltd. Launched in 2014 under the support and guidance by our
Honorable EditorialBoard Members from renownedinstitutes.
ObjectivesofJournalsPub
üJournalsPub is international scholarly journal that publishes peer reviewed journal in the frontier areas of
AppliedSciences,MedicalandEngineering.
üJournalsPub publishes Original Research Papers, Review Papers, Popular Articles, Short
Communications&CaseStudy.
üPublishingspecialissues on Proceedingsof Conferences,SeminarsandSymposia.
üJournalsPub Publishes issues twice a year (bi-annually) in English-language which is available online
(openaccess)andinprintedversionwithagoaltopromoteanextensiveacademicawareness.
üJournalsPub desires to set a good benchmark in the publishing industry by launching more than 100+
new International Journals to help the scientific community to enhance communication within the
research communities and maintain a balance between the existing and emerging interdisciplinary
technologies.
üJournalsPub aims to provide quality research articles for Academic Researchers, Industrial
Professionals, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, etc. working in the areas of Applied Sciences, Medical
andEngineeringtocontributeandcommunicateinnovativework.
SalientFeatures
üAn umbrellaof 100+ journalsthatcoversAppliedSciences,MedialandEngineeringArena.
üThe first and one of the rapidly emerging publication website in Country as well as overseas for its
excellenceandexposure.
üUniversaltransmissionandreflectivity.
üARigorous, Fast andConstructivePeerReviewProcess
üSpeedyPublicationof Manuscripts
üEminentEditorialBoardMembersfromrenownedorganizations.
üFreeRegistration,OnlineSubmission, Processing, Publication&OnlineAccessofManuscripts.
üThejournalpublishesnovelresearcharticleswithemphasison theoreticalandexperimentalwork.
Automatic Control System

JournalsPub (Division of Dhruv Infosystem Private Ltd.) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor,
CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journals. Statements and
opinionsexpressedintheJournalreflecttheviews oftheAuthor(s) andarenottheopinionofJournalsPub unless so stated.
Subscription Information and Order
Cost of Journal
National Subscription
?Rs. 3000/-perJournal(includes2 printissues), SingleIssue copypurchaseRs.1800/copy
International Subscription
?OnlineOnly- $99, PrintOnly-$149 (includes2printissues)
?Online+ Print-$199(includes2printissues +onlineaccessof publishedbackvolumes)
To purchaseprintcompilationof backissues pleasesendyourqueryatinfo@journalspub.com
Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India include speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without
notice.
Mode of Payment:At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. ltd.,
payableatDelhi/NewDelhi.
OnlineAccess Policy
A). ForAuthors:
In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, JournalsPub also have OpenAccess Policy;
Authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as
follows:
India,SARC andAfricanCountries:INR 1500 includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal.
OtherCountries:USD 200includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal.
B.) ForSubscribers:
Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of correct
informationonuser details/StaticIPaddress of thesubscriber.
The accesswillbeblocked:
If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking due to technical issue. Misuse of the access rights
as pertheaccesspolicy.
Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: JournalsPub with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media
for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc.These
journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue.
The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very
welcome.
LostIssue Claims:Pleasenotethefollowingwhen applyingfor lostor missingissues:
Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the next issue
as perthefrequency.
Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will be
entertainedonlywiththeproofs whichwillbeverifiedatboththeends.
Claimsfiledduetoinsufficient(or nonotice)ofchangeof address willnotbehonored.
Change ofAddress of Dispatch should be intimated to JournalsPub at least 2 months prior to the dispatch schedule as per
thefrequencyby mentioningsubscriberID andthesubscriptionID.
Refundrequestswillnotbeentertained.
LegalDisputes
AllthelegaldisputesaresubjectedtoDelhiJurisdictiononly.
If you haveanyquestions,pleasecontactthePublicationManagementTeam:
info@journalspub.com;Tel:+910120-4347644.

Automatic Control System
International Journal of Automatic Control System is a comprehensive journal that covers all aspects of
Automatic Control System and their integration into recent technologies that are the focus of ongoing
research. Journal has a wider scope including all major advancement in the technology and design that are
relatedtoAutomaticControlSystem.Allarticlespresentedherearepeer-reviewedandareofgood quality.
Focus and Scope oftheJournal
! Automatic Control and Systems Engineering
! Embedded Control Systems.
! Adaptive Control Techniques
! Real-Time Systems
! Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems
! Large Scale Control Systems
! Intelligent Control Systems
! Stochastic Control
! Power System Control
! Perceptual Control Systems
! Digital and Analogue Control
! Motion and Navigation Control
! Temporal and Spectral System Analysis
International Journal of Automatic Control System is published twice a year (bi-annual) in India by
JournalsPub is an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd. The outlooks stated in the articles do not
essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the
advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing
aprescriptionfor anyproductsmentionedinthispublication.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written
permissiontothepublisher.
To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English
reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub
(info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM
INTERNAL MEMBERS
Associate Manager
Chairman
Mr. Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director,
JournalsPub,
New Delhi
Hidam Renubala
Ankita Singh
Akanksha Marwah
Deepika Bhadauria
Commissioning Editors
Priyanka Garg
Chhavi Goel
Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr Kaliappan E
Jaya Engineering College,
Anna University, India
Dr. Steven Sheng-Uei Guan,
Department of Computer Science & Software
Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Dr. Xiangshun Li
Wuhan University of Technology, The
University of Auckland, China
Dr. Mallikarjuna Rao Pasumarthi
Andhra university, India
Dr. V. Balaji
Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia, South Africa
Dr. D. K. Bhalla
Bhagwant Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad,
India
Dr. Vijay Raj Singh
Physics, Boston University,
United States
A Rameshkumar
Surendra Institute Of Engineering &
Management, Dhukuria, West Bengal, India
D.K. Chaturvedi
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of
Engg, D.E.I., Dayalbagh, Agra, India
Mr. Saptarshi Roy
NIT Warangal, Telangana,
India
Senthil Venkatesalu,
Center For Automation Technology,
Cochin, India
Dr. Hemen Ch. Medhi,
Department of Electronics, St. Edmund's
College, Shillong,Meghalaya, India
Aseem Chandel,
B.S.A College of Engineering and Technology,
Mathura, India
Lekshmi R. R,
Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
Ettimadai, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Automatic Control System. This journal is part of the
Automatic Control System and is devoted to the scope of present Electrical Engineering
issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of
emergingtechnologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of International Journal of
Automatic Control System as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral
part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Electrical Engineering
community,addressing researchersandpractitionersinthisarea.
The core vision of International Journal of Automatic Control System in JournalsPub is to propagate novel
awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research
societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Electrical Engineering in general. Journals Pub
acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time &
successfully.
International Journal of Automatic Control System focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of
Automatic Control System Engineering Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Embedded Control
Systems, Adaptive Control Techniques, Real-Time Systems, Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems, Large
Scale Control Systems, Intelligent Control Systems, Stochastic Control, Power System Control, Perceptual
Control Systems, Digital and Analogue Control, Motion and Navigation Control, Temporal and Spectral
SystemAnalysis.
The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Automatic
ControlSystemand solutionsinthearea.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Electrical
Engineering community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of
creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting
newdevelopmentsinthefieldofAutomaticControlSystem.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the
editorialstaffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Electrical Engineering
readers andwillstimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofElectricalEngineering.
PuneetMehrotra
ManagingDirector

1. Achieving Excellence in Manufacturing – Concepts, Strategies and Designing
Eco-friendly Manufacturing Practices
Anil Kr Chojar, Aditya Chojar 1
2. Optimization of Variants of LMS Algorithm for Adaptive Noise Cancellation
18
3. Modelling and Simulation of DVR – Ultracapcitor for Power Quality Improvement
Dinesh Kumar Tiwari, Imran Khan 32
4. Performance Analysis of Boost Converter Using PI Controller
S. Vinoth Kumar, M.S. Sivagamasundari, D. Periyasamy 39
5. Multiadapter Using Buck Converter with PID Controller
D. Periyasamy, M.S. Sivagamasundari, S. Vinoth Kumar 46
Saurabh R Prasad, Santosh Shashikant Sutar, Yashwant V Joshi
6. SOP-Based Hybrid H-Bridge Nine Level Inverter Using PI Controller
E. Mahalakshmi, M. Germin Nisha 56
7. FLC-Based Analysis of LCC and MMC Hybrid HVDC Transmission System
J. Ezhil Hannah, S. Gomathi Kalyani 64
Contents

IJACS (2016) 1–17 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Automatic Control System
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Achieving Excellence in Manufacturing – Concepts, Strategies
and Designing Eco-friendly Manufacturing Practices
Anil Kr Chojar1*, Aditya Chojar2
1
Senior Consultant cum CEO and Vice-President Operations, drakc Consulting and Management Solutions,
New Delhi
2
Business Development Executive, and Manager-IT systems and multimedia, drakc Consulting and
Management Solutions, New Delhi
Abstract
An organization’s survival depends upon its ability to adapt to the changes in the business
environment. The changes are often reflected in the new products and technologies launched
and used by competitors, shift in consumer preferences, and changes in government policies.
These factors often point to the need for a company to have excellence in manufacturing,
whose concept and implementation started developing in seventies due to the increased
global competition and rapid technological changes. New approaches like customer focus,
total quality management, just-in-time production, continuous improvement, lean
manufacturing, employee involvement, and other supporting processes were developed to
achieve manufacturing excellence under the domain of world-class manufacturing practices.
This paper discusses the underlying principles of world class manufacturing (WCM) model
and concept that has seen the emergence of companies from Japan, Germany, and the U.S.
and other countries across the world to dominate on the global scale with their high quality
products that continue to satisfy customers in their respective product segments. Despite
achieving excellence in manufacturing, coupled with economic growth they bring to their
countries, and possibly end-users also, as reflected by the rise in per capita income and
consumption levels in developed and emerging economies in recent decades, sustainability
concerns in the last 10-15 years have brought in new thinking to implement environment
management systems in manufacturers’ production systems and value chains. This may
require companies to re-design their internal and external strategies and processes in a
manner that our eco-system is not harmed. The focus of this paper is on sustainable
manufacturing, handling ecological and social challenges, and pursuit of green strategies to
design environment friendly products, technologies and production systems that will reduce
environmental impacts.
Keywords: customer focus, just-in-time, logistics, quality control, total quality management
INTRODUCTION
An organization’s ability to survive
depends upon its ability to meet demands
of the environment, which are always
changing. Owing to intensification of
global competition, many big
manufacturing companies, who once ruled
the market have disappeared, or eclipsed
as they could not adapt to changes in
production, regulatory, and marketing
environment. Examples from India include
Fiat India which was known for its premier
Padmini car, and Hindustan Motors,
whose Ambassador car model was once
popular across India, and is now facing
closure.[1]

IJACS (2016) 18-31 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 18
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Optimization of Variants of LMS Algorithm for Adaptive Noise
Cancellation
Saurabh R. Prasad1
, Santosh Shashikant Sutar2
, Yashwant V. Joshi3
1
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, DKTE Society’s Textile and Engineering
Institute, Ichalkaranji, India
2
Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
3
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SGGS Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Nanded, India
Abstract
The most popular adaptive filtering algorithm is Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm. This
algorithm is a gradient search method based upon steepest descent concept. There are
various types of LMS algorithm, such as Standard LMS, Normalized LMS, Block LMS, VS-
LMS, Signed LMS. The performance parameters of LMS algorithm include Numerical
Stability, Convergence, Robustness, Misadjustment etc. These requirements become more
stringent when real time applications are concerned. In such applications, the standard LMS
may not always be suitable; so other variants have been developed. In this article the
optimization of performance parameters of various LMS algorithms is done in MATLAB
environment which can be tested on DSP hardware like TMS320 processors or VLSI or any
suitable DSP hardware.
Keywords: Adaptive Filtering, FIR Filter, LMS Algorithm, Noise Filtering, Simulink
INTRODUCTION
An adaptive filter is a system of linear
filter that has a transfer function controlled
by filter parameters as well as by an
optimization algorithm used to adjust those
parameters. Because of the complexity of
the optimization algorithms, almost all
adaptive filters are digital filters. Adaptive
filters adapt themselves according to the
variation in input signal. Adaptive filter
can be implemented either as IIR and FIR;
however later is characterized by its
advantages like linear phase response,
guaranteed stability, no feedback
requirement and similarly disadvantages
like higher order and thus more
computational time compared to its
counterpart. So when high quality filtering
is requirement, FIR is the choice and when
cost is major concern, IIR is choice. The
operation of a linear adaptive filtering
involves two basic processes namely;
filtering process and adaptation process for
filter weight updating model determined
by some adaptive algorithm. These two
processes work interactively with each
other.
The first question that can be raised by
novice in this field is what the problems
are where we can’t use fixed digital filters.
The answer is, fixed digital filters are
useless in examples like; when the signal
and noise occupy the same frequency
components, or when the characteristics of
signal or noise are not stationary or
unknown. The practical example is ECG
imaging in which along with cardiac
signal, myographic signals are also
captured and both lie in the same

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Modelling and Simulation of DVR – Ultracapcitor for Power
Quality Improvement
Dinesh Kumar Tiwari*, Imran Khan
AZAD IET, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The quality of the output power conveyed from the utilities has gotten to be significant worry
of the present day commercial ventures since last decay. These power quality related issues
are voltage sag, surge, flicker, voltage imbalance interference and harmonic issue. These
power quality issue may cause problems to the industries ranging from malfunctioning of
equipment’s to complete plant shut down. Those power quality problems affects the
microprocessor based load, process equipment’s, sensitive electric component which are
highly sensitive to voltage level fluctuations .With the invention of smart grid cost of various
energy storage technology decreasing continuously and it also become possible to integrate
all things with the real world. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) that can provide improved
sag and swell compensation with integrating energy storing capability. The ultra-capacitor
(UCAP) is a high and low energy density gadget with perfect attributes for voltages sag and
voltage swells pay. In this paper we are incorporating UCAP-based energy storage into DVR
topology. The UCAP-DVR blend will enhance dynamic power capacity and it will have the
capacity to repay voltages sag and voltages swell. UCAP will added into dc link of DVR
through a bidirectional dc-dc convertor. The simulation model of overall system is devolved
and result has been compared.
Keywords: DC–DC convertor, d–q control, DVR, IGBT, PLL, UCAP
INTRODUCTION
The idea of dynamic voltage restorers
(DVRs) first introduced by Woodley et
al[1]
for improving the momentary voltage
disturbance on utility side when first it has
been introduced it gain a lot of
appreciation for its extraordinary
performance[1-5]
. In[6-10]
authors suggested
that its application with rechargeable
energy storage at the dc terminal to meet
the active power requirement of the grid
during voltage disturbances. The author
also explained an alternative solution to
compensate voltage sag by introducing a
lagging voltage in quadrature with line
current.[11-14]
Due to high cost of
rechargeable energy storage different types
of control strategies have also been
introduced in literature.[15-20]
The high cost
of rechargeable energy storage device may
affect the use DVR in power quality
improvement but day by different types of
improvement has been taking place and
which also reducing high cost of DVR.
Therefore, there is a lot of renewed ideas
and invention[15,18]
taking place in
rechargeable energy storage at dc terminal
such as static compensator (STATCOM)
and DVR.[20]
Various types of rechargeable energy
storage technologies based on
superconducting magnets (FESS), batteries
(BESS), and ultra-capacitor (UCAPs) are
compared in ref.[18]
for integration in
advanced power system networks.

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Performance Analysis of Boost Converter Using PI Controller
S. Vinoth Kumar*, M.S. Sivagamasundari, D. Periyasamy
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, V.V. College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In this paper, the performance of boost converter is analyzed by using PI controller. The PI
controller controls the boost converters output voltage, rise time, peak time and settling time
of the response. It is typically used to compensate the input variations and provide tighter
control response of the output voltage. By varying the duty cycle of the boost converter, the
source impedance can be matched to adjust the load impedance to improve the efficiency of
the system. The analysis has been studied by MATLAB/Simulink.
Keywords: DC–DC boost converter, duty cycle, MATLAB simulation, PI controller
INTRODUCTION
DC–DC converters are operated in BUCK,
BOOST and BUCK-BOOST at different
voltage conversion ratios. Boost converters
are used to obtain higher output voltage in
comparison with the input DC voltage and
it is increasingly employed as front end
converters for battery sources,
photovoltaic solar systems and fuel
cells.[1–3]
These converters, when operated
under open loop condition, it exhibits poor
voltage regulation and unsatisfactory
dynamic response, and hence, this
converter is generally provided with closed
loop control for output voltage
regulation.[4]
The mode of operation of the
converter varies from ON to OFF state of
the power switch and traditionally small
signal linearization techniques have
largely been employed for controller
design.
Many control strategies have been
proposed switch ON and OFF (duty cycle)
is controlled to obtain the desired output
voltage. In past, closed loop control design
was carried out using small signal
linearization. Linear PID and PI
controllers are usually used DC–DC
converters are designed using standard
frequency response techniques based on
small signal model of the converter.
The design based on linear control theory
such as Ziegler–Nichol’s method,[5]
root
locus technique,[6]
circle-based criterion,[7]
hysteresis method,[8]
bode plot, etc. These
control strategies that are based on the
linearized small signal model of the
converter have good performance around
the operating point. However, a boost
converter’s small signal model changes
when the operating point varies. The poles
and a right-half-plane zero, as well as the
magnitude of the frequency response, are
all dependent on the duty cycle.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF BOOST
CONVERTER
A DC–DC boost converter is used which
consists of boost inductor, diode,
MOSFET used as a switch, output filter
capacitance and resistive load. When
supply voltage is given, inductor current
increases when the switch is closed. When
the switch is opened, both inductor voltage

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Multiadapter Using Buck Converter with PID Controller
D. Periyasamy*
, M.S. Sivagamasundari, S. Vinoth Kumar
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, V.V. College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
This paper presented a model of switch mode dc–dc converter incorporated with the
proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The dc–dc converter (buck) will step down
the input dc voltage of 12 to 3–20 V. The PID controller will control the outputs which are
voltage and current and those will be display in graph. The PID controller is tuned to get the
highest quality of output. The switching frequency of the dc–dc converter (buck) is set to 48
kHz for faster switching operation. This system is implemented in MATLAB Simulink
software and hardware.
INTRODUCTION
Main target in power electronics is to
convert electrical energy from one form to
another. To make electrical energy to
reach the load with highest efficiency is
the target to be achieved. Power
electronics also targets to reduce the size
of the device to convert these energy
which aims to reduce cost, smaller in size
and high availability. In this project the
power electronic device that use is dc to dc
converter.
There are four types of dc to dc
converter:[1]
(i) Buck
(ii) Boost
(iii)Buck-boost
(iv)Cuk
The dc–dc converter for this project is
buck converter. Buck is use to convert
unregulated dc input to a controlled dc
output with a desired voltage level. The
buck will step down the input voltage 24
to 3–20 V dc with the switching frequency
48 kHz. Together with buck is
proportional-integral-derivative (PID)
controller that uses to control the
behaviors of the system in linear. This
system is a close loop system with
feedback. The software used for
simulation is MATLAB SIMULINK. This
project consists of modeling, simulation
and stability analysis
BASIC OF DC TO DC CONVERTER
Instead of using transformer we also can
use switching converter to step down the
input voltage, the reason why should use
converter because typically the output
produced is at a different voltage level
than the input. In addition, DC-to-DC
converters are used to provide noise
isolation, power bus regulation, etc. In this
project, basically we must know how the
converter operates and the operation of the
system. A DC-to-DC converter is a device
that accepts a DC input voltage and
produces a DC output voltage.[2]
PWM AND TRANSISTORS
PWM is the main part in designing a buck
converter. By using pulse-width
modulation (PWM) control, regulation of
output voltage is achieved by varying the
duty cycle of the switch. Duty cycle refers
to ratio of the period where power

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
SOP-Based Hybrid H-Bridge Nine Level Inverter Using PI
Controller
E. Mahalakshmi*, M. Germin Nisha
ME-Power Electronics and Drives, V.V. College Of Engineering, Thisayanvillai, India
Abstract
This paper over observed the medium-voltage (MV) multilevel converters with an emphasis
on attaining less harmonic distortion and worthy effectiveness at low switching frequency
operation. Generating of gate signals for hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter at low
switching frequency using Synchronous Optimal Pulse width Modulation technique. The PI
controller controls the output voltage of nine levels MLI by manipulating the modulation
index of gate driver circuit. In proposed inverter the number of DC sources in cascaded
hybrid MLI is reduced by incorporating of diodes and capacitors. This hybrid cascaded
multilevel inverter allows operation at multiple of dc-link voltage and reduce the total
harmonic distortion (THD). Low switching frequency reduces the switching losses of the
power semiconductor devices.
INTRODUCTION
Inverters are o used to provide power to
electronics devices in the case of a power
outage or for activities such as camping,
where no power is available. The inverter
converts a direct current (DC) or battery
power into an alternating current (AC) or
household power. The lot of industrial
applications require high power
apparatus in recent years. Some of the
medium and high voltage motor drives,
utility applications require medium
voltage and megawatt power level. For a
medium voltage grid, it is problem to
connect only one power semiconductor
switch directly. As a result multilevel
inverter structure has brought in for high
power and medium voltage application.
A multilevel inverter not only achieves
high power ratings and also enables to
use in on renewable energy sources.
Renewable energy sources such as
photovoltaic, wind and fuel cells are
easily interfaced with the multilevel
converter system for a high power
application.
The concept of multilevel inverters
brought in since 1975.[1]
The term
multilevel commenced with the three
level inverters.[2]
Afterwards, several
multilevel inverter topologies have been
formulated. However, the elementary
concept of a multilevel inverter is used to
achieve higher power by use a series of
power semiconductor switches with
several dc voltage sources to perform the
power changeover by synthesizing a
staircase voltage waveform.
Renewable sources like solar, wind mills,
batteries, capacitors are used as an
multiple dc sources in order that achieved
expected voltage, nevertheless, the
valued voltage of the semiconductor
devices depends only upon the rating of
the dc voltage sources connected to it. A
multilevel inverter is a more powerful
inverter than ordinary standard inverter

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
FLC-Based Analysis of LCC and MMC Hybrid HVDC
Transmission System
J. Ezhil Hannah*
, S. Gomathi Kalyani
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, V.V. College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu,
India
Abstract
To meet the high demand of electrical energy, reliable and stable transmission facilities are
required. Due to several disadvantages in AC transmission lines such as thermal limits,
corona effect, skin effect, etc. HVDC came into existence. HVDC has proved to be more
durable and reliable in case of long distance and under water transmission. A new hybrid
HVDC system, which combines the best features of line-commutated converter and VSC
technology, is proposed. The proposed system constitute the robust performance and low
capital cost and power loss of a line commutated HVDC converter, with the fast dynamic
performance of a MMC system. It also describes the principles and control strategies of the
proposed system. The most challenging issue in the operation of MMC is sub-module voltage
balancing. The phase shifted multi carrier PWM technique is introduced in this proposed
system to rectify the voltage balancing problem. The FLC controller is employed to provide
the better stability of dc voltage. The voltage distortion of MMC was reduced and gives low
THD. Finally, the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation verifications have been carried out based
on a 250-MW/ 110-kV LCC–MMC hybrid HVDC system and its dc network.
Keywords: HVDC, hybrid transmission, MMC, LCC, phase shifted multi carrier PWM
technique, sub-module voltage balancing
INTRODUCTION
For the bulk power transmission, the
HVDC electric power transmission system
uses direct current, in contrast with the
more common alternating current systems.
In the long-distance transmission, HVDC
systems may be less expensive and have
lower electrical losses. HVDC is useful in
the underwater power cables, because it
avoids the heavy currents required to
charge and discharge the cable
capacitance.
For shorter distances HVDC transmission
is not economic hence the cost of DC
conversion equipment is high compared to
an AC system. Also, HVDC allows power
transmission between unsynchronized AC
transmission systems. The existing
commercial VSC-HVDC system trip the
ac circuit breakers to clear the fault in dc
line obviously, this is the most economical
and widely used method but the response
of mechanical switches is slow.
To solve this problem, a line commutated
converter (LCC)-modular multilevel
converter (MMC) hybrid HVDC
transmission system is proposed. This
hybrid topology uses the LCC-based
rectifier at its sending side and the MMC-
based inverter at its receiving side.[1]

International Journal of Automatic Control System vol 2 issue 1

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to International Journal of Automatic Control System vol 2 issue 1

Similar to International Journal of Automatic Control System vol 2 issue 1 (11)

More from JournalsPub www.journalspub.com

More from JournalsPub www.journalspub.com (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

International Journal of Automatic Control System vol 2 issue 1