This document summarizes the structure and composition of the interior of the Earth in three main layers - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid layer and varies in thickness between oceanic and continental areas. Below the crust lies the mantle, which is also solid and denser than the crust. The mantle extends to a depth of 2,900 km and is the source of magma. The innermost layer is the core, with a solid inner core and liquid outer core composed primarily of iron and nickel. Between the layers lie boundaries defined by changes in materials and physical states.

1. INTERIOR OF THE EARTH
(6-8 CLASS)
SOCIAL SCIENCE-GEOGRAPHY
PRESENTATION BY-DEEPIKA THAKUR

2. INDEX
Structure of the Earth TYPES OF ROCKS

3. DETAILED VIEW OF
INTERIOR OF THE EARTH

4. STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH

5. CRUST
It is the outermost solid part of the earth. It is
brittle in nature. The thickness of the crust
varies under the oceanic and continental areas.
Oceanic crust is thinner as compared to the
continental crust. The mean thickness of
oceanic crust is 5 km whereas that of the
continental is around 30 km. The continental
crust is thicker in the areas of major mountain
systems. It is as much as 70 km thick in the
Himalayan region.
It is made up of heavier rocks having
density of 3 g/cm3. This type of rock found in
the oceanic crust is basalt. The mean density
of material in oceanic crust is 2.7 g/cm3.

6. MANTLE
 The portion of the interior beyond the crust is called the mantle.
 It is in a solid state.
 It has a density higher than the crust portion.
 The thickness ranges from 10-200 km.
 The mantle extends from Moho’s discontinuity to a depth of 2,900 km.
 The asthenosphere is the upper portion of Mantle.
 It is the chief source of magma that finds its way to the surface during
volcanic eruptions.
 The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle are called lithosphere.

7. CORE
 The core-mantle boundary is positioned at the depth of 2,900 km.
 The inner core is in the solid state whereas the outer core is in the
liquid state.
 The core is made up of very heavy material mostly constituted by
nickel and iron. Hence it is also called the “nife” layer.

9. TYPES OF ROCKS-
Igneous Rocks Solidified from magma and lava
Sedimentary Rocks The result of the deposition of
fragments of rocks by exogenous
processes
Metamorphic Rocks Formed out of existing rocks
undergoing recrystallization

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