Interest rates
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The Reserve Bank of Australia sets interest rates each month that affect investments across the country. When interest rates rise, more conservative investments like bonds and bank deposits become more appealing due to lower risk. However, when interest rates fall, these investments earn very little return so trading in shares increases despite higher risk. The RBA adjusts rates to influence economic growth, lowering rates to encourage business investment and raising them to pull money from shares back into banks. Companies benefit from lower rates through more stock sales and higher share prices, while higher rates reduce revenue and investment opportunities. Individuals also benefit from lower rates through increased housing prices and riskier investments, but higher rates push people to safer bank investments and make home loans more expensive.
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(303) move over zirp, welcome nirp
The European Central Bank recently announced a Negative Interest Rate Policy where they will charge banks a 0.10% rate to keep deposits. This is aimed at preventing deflation by incentivizing banks to issue more loans. While an unusual approach, negative interest rates and the Fed's zero rates both aim to boost economic growth through increased lending. However, very low rates have downsides like hurting savers, and the commentary argues against investing in government bonds due to inflated prices from central bank actions. Europe is not expected to fall into deflation as the ECB has tools to support recovery, though rates will likely stay very low.
Interest Rates Explained 2024 What You Need to Know.docx
Have you ever wondered why the stock market jumps on news about inflation, or why a government's decision to change interest rates sends the financial world into a frenzy? It's a complex dance, but at the heart of it lies the relationship between interest rates and the stock market. Understanding this connection is like decoding a secret language that can help you make smarter investment decisions. Get ready to explore how interest rate shifts shape businesses, consumer behaviour, and ultimately, the prices of stocks you see on the ticker.
From global economic trends to your own portfolio, interest rates hold surprising sway. Let's start with a timeline of major turning points in interest rate history – those moments that sent shockwaves through the markets…
Imagine you've taken out a loan to buy a house. The interest rate on that loan is essentially the extra cost you pay for borrowing the money. Let's say your interest rate increases. Now, your monthly payments go up, leaving you with less disposable income to spend elsewhere. This is just one-way interest rates touch our lives.
The Bigger Picture
At its core, an interest rate is the "price" of borrowing money. Banks charge interest on loans they give out, and they may offer interest on money you deposit with them. Governments even charge interest on bonds they issue! It's a crucial lever in the financial system, influencing how much businesses and consumers spend, save, and invest.
A truly unique example comes from Sweden. In 2009, to encourage borrowing and boost the economy during a financial crisis, the central bank implemented a negative interest rate policy. This meant people actually paid the bank to hold onto their money! While this might sound strange, it incentivized people to spend or invest their cash, which could stimulate economic activity. This policy wasn't without drawbacks, and Sweden eventually moved away from negative rates. But it serves as a fascinating illustration of how central banks can use interest rates as unconventional tools.
Types of Interest Rates
You'll often hear terms like:
• Repo Rate: The central bank (like India's RBI) sets this rate, at which it lends to commercial banks. Changes to the repo rate ripple through the economy.
• Reverse Repo Rate: The rate the central bank pays on banks' deposits with it. This helps manage the flow of money.
• Bank Lending Rates: Rates banks set on loans to businesses and individuals (mortgage rates, car loans, etc.)
Key takeaway: Interest rates are not one-size-fits-all. They play different roles, impacting our pockets and the broader economy.
Now that we understand what interest rates are, let's explore how changes in these rates can send ripple effects through the stock market.
How Interest Rates Affect the Stock Market
Businesses and Interest Rates
Businesses, the backbone of the stock market, feel the impact of interest rates in several ways:
Read full article at newspatron or download PDF.
‘Over the Horizon’ share market commentary – September 2014
- The Australian share market declined in September due to concerns about China's economy and the possibility of rising US interest rates. The All Ordinaries Index fell 5.8%.
- The author expects the Australian market to remain in a broad trading band between 5,100 and 5,700. Key risks include weakness in the US market and global growth concerns.
- While banks have had strong performance, factors like increased regulation and a slowing housing market could limit future profit growth, potentially requiring lower share prices to maintain yields.
Thought for the_week_-_268
The document discusses three common myths about investing: 1) that bonds are always safe and investors cannot lose money, 2) that interest rates cannot stay low for long so investors should wait in cash, and 3) that volatility in equities is always bad. It argues that bonds face price risk, interest rates could remain low for many years, and short-term volatility in stocks presents opportunities for long-term investors to buy at lower prices. The commentary was used to explain investment decisions made in the DIAS Conservative Income portfolio in light of recent market declines.
PWM Financial Focus Winter 2016
In this issue:
LISA reappears after a summer redesign.
Is your family financially protected?
What is a £5,000 a year pension worth?
Tax evasion, avoidance and planning - righting wrongs
Bonds, Interest rates, and the Impact of Inflation
Bonds have had their 30+ year bull run, now it is time to pay close attention to the bonds you own. For decades, most people’s bond portfolios were just on autopilot, this will get you hurt going forward. Please read on..
Cheaper prices: WACC- post GFC a revision lower is needed
this document explains how the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is calculated and how it impacts pricing. Pressure must be placed on government utilities to reduce the WACC's used in ther determination of required revenues and consumer pricing
Asset Classes - Building a diversified portfolio
When putting together an investment portfolio, there are a number of asset classes, or types of investments, that can be combined in different ways.The starting point is cash – and the aim of employing the other asset classes is to achieve a better return than could be achieved by leaving all of the investment on deposit.
Pulse Of The Market
The document provides an overview and analysis of financial markets in 2009. It discusses the economic turmoil affecting markets, outlines different types of market declines, and analyzes stock and bond returns over time. The document emphasizes maintaining realistic expectations, the benefits of long-term investing, and risks of trying to time the market.
2009 Pulse Of The Market
The document provides an overview of market volatility and downturns. It discusses how declines are normal aspects of the market cycle and outlines historical data on the average length and frequency of different types of declines. It also notes that expansions have typically lasted longer than recessions throughout history.
Bonds, Interest rates, and the Impact of Inflation
Since May, interest rates on bonds have drifted upwards and values have declined. Investing in bonds can no longer be left on auto-pilot. Please read on...
FOREX - FUNDAMENTALS MAKE CURRENCY PAIRS MOVE (1.3)
The key to making money in the Forex is understanding what makes currency pairs move. Ultimately, it is investors who make currency pairs move as they buy and sell different currencies, but these investors buy and sell for a reason. Either they see something happening fundamentally in the global economy that makes them believe a currency is going to get stronger or they see something happening fundamentally that makes them believe a currency is going to get weaker. In other words, they watch the fundamentals and make their decisions according to what they see
Interest
This document discusses the power of compound interest for savings and investments. It explains that compound interest is earned on both the principal amount and accumulated interest over time. This leads to much higher returns compared to simple interest, where interest is only earned on the principal. The document uses online calculators and examples to demonstrate how factors like investment amounts, interest rates, and length of time impact compound growth. It emphasizes that starting investments earlier and allowing interest to compound more frequently can significantly increase the total accumulated value of savings and retirement accounts.
Interest
This document discusses the power of compound interest for savings and investments. It explains that compound interest is earned on both the principal amount and any accumulated interest over time. This leads to much higher returns compared to simple interest, where interest is only earned on the principal. The document uses online calculators and examples to demonstrate how factors like investment amounts, interest rates, and length of time impact the total return through compounding. It emphasizes that starting to save earlier and allowing interest to compound for longer periods can significantly increase the overall growth of savings and investments.
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‘Over the Horizon’ sharemarket commentary – October 2013
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Hr process y11
(1) Businesses are made up of people, and putting the right people in key roles can significantly impact a business's success or failure.
(2) Effective human resource management involves hiring skilled employees, developing cooperative relationships, motivating performance, providing training opportunities, and retaining top talent.
(3) The human resource cycle includes acquiring talent through recruitment and hiring, developing skills through training, maintaining employment through contracts and standards, and eventual separation whether voluntary or involuntary.
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(2) Effective human resource management involves hiring skilled employees, developing cooperative relationships, motivating performance, providing training opportunities, and retaining top talent.
(3) The human resource/employment cycle includes acquiring talent through recruitment and hiring, developing skills through training, maintaining employment through contracts and standards, and eventual separation whether voluntary or involuntary.
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The document provides information about cash flow statements, income statements, and balance sheets. A cash flow statement records all money coming into and going out of a business and shows the monthly balance. It can reveal why a retailer's cash flow varies and provide insight into a business's financial situation. An income statement summarizes income earned and expenses incurred over a period, showing revenue, gross profit, expenses, and net profit. A balance sheet states a business's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity at a point in time, dividing assets and liabilities into current and non-current categories. It is used to assess a business's financial position.
Globalisation
Globalization has increased investment opportunities globally by connecting markets and improving access to information across borders. This allows investors to consider a wider range of options beyond their local stock market. Companies benefit from being able to expand into new markets and access larger pools of customers, resources, and partners. As successful companies see increased profits and share prices, investors also profit from investing in these global companies. However, greater competition from international companies can negatively impact companies that struggle to keep up.
Global warming
Global warming poses risks to investors through its effects on businesses and regulations to mitigate climate change. Many investors do not realize how exposed their portfolios are to energy companies affected by global warming. Tilting a portfolio away from carbon-emitting companies and toward those reducing emissions can help protect against regulatory impacts on returns. Ethical investors and eco-friendly alternative energy companies will benefit as people invest in sustainability. Meanwhile, agricultural, tourism, energy, and food industries reliant on the environment face negative consequences from a warming climate.
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The budget outlines the government's funding policies and economic management plan to benefit Australians. It aims to make business more profitable through a 2% reduction in company tax rates, making share investments more attractive. It also affects housing investment through negative gearing. Superannuation contributions were restricted and higher balances will face higher tax, but super should remain an attractive investment. Those earning over $80,000 receive small tax cuts, while businesses both small and large get tax breaks. Students receive additional school funding but universities face funding cuts and banks must help fund the corporate regulator.
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House prices in Sydney have steadily increased over the past 15 years, with the median value of homes in affluent suburbs like Vaucluse and Bondi now over $3.5 million. While prices are predicted to decrease 10%, most experts agree there is no housing bubble as loan rates remain low. The high prices have both benefits and drawbacks: banks and existing homeowners benefit from increased home values, while potential buyers find it more difficult to enter the market.
Social media
Social media can positively or negatively impact companies and their stock prices. Negative posts that go viral about a company on platforms like Facebook can influence over 450 million users and potentially lead to a decline in share price (Paragraph 2). More than 50% of social media users are influenced by comments and posts about brands, so a viral negative post about a company like Adidas could hurt its earnings and stock price. Companies that experience positive social media attention may gain sales and see a boost in their stock due to improved reputation and awareness (Paragraph 3). Companies negatively publicized on social media are most likely to lose from declines in their market price as investors sell off shares to avoid potential losses (Paragraph 4).
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This document discusses various operations strategies related to inventory management and outsourcing. It begins by defining key performance objectives for operations such as quality, speed, dependability, flexibility, customization and cost. It then discusses outsourcing as a strategy, noting potential pros like cost savings but also cons like loss of control. Inventory management strategies like just-in-time are covered, along with factors to consider like holding costs and methods of valuing inventory using LIFO and FIFO. Key performance indicators are provided for each objective.
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Global commodity prices can impact various industries and investment options. Commodities include agricultural products, fuels, and metals that are traded on exchanges. Fluctuations in gold prices can affect jewelers and retailers that sell jewelry. Gold is also used in other industries like medical products and aerospace. When economic outlook is dim, demand for gold as a "safe haven" investment tends to increase. Lower commodity prices generally benefit consumers and users of commodities as production inputs in countries like the United States. However, commodity-exporting countries like Brazil that rely on exports of items like iron, soybeans, crude oil, and sugar are more negatively impacted by lower global commodity prices.
4 ps product
Product positioning involves determining how to communicate a product's attributes based on customer needs, competition, and key messages. Businesses choose whether they want their product to be high, medium, or low price/quality and look for gaps in the market.
Branding and logos are appealing factors as some brands instantly signal quality. Companies encourage brand symbol recognition over names. Brand loyalty is an important goal as customers return to enjoyed products.
Product packaging must stand out on shelves to attract customers. Appealing packaging builds loyalty, awareness, and improves the brand. Good examples are McDonald's food packaging.
Customer service is important as it often the only company contact and can resolve issues. It also differentiates companies and gives
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The Australian dollar is the 5th most traded currency globally and fluctuations in its value can significantly impact the Australian economy. When the Australian dollar rises in value compared to other currencies, exports become more expensive and imports become cheaper, benefiting importers. However, a higher currency hurts exporters and the tourism industry. When the Australian dollar decreases in value, exports become cheaper and more competitive internationally, boosting exporters, while imports become more expensive.
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The document discusses key performance objectives for operations including quality, speed, dependability, flexibility, customization, and cost. It provides descriptions of each objective and examples of key performance indicators (KPIs) that could be used to measure them such as the number of defects in production (quality), output per hour (speed), uniformity of products (dependability), variation in daily output (flexibility), number of unique orders processed (customization), and total production costs (cost).
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The document discusses the role of marketing and how businesses can adapt to changing times. It outlines the 4 main roles of marketing as watching trends, developing strategy, executing the strategy, and measuring results. It then discusses how the sharing economy has led to a shift from ownership to access and from conspicuous consumption to collaborative consumption. Finally, it notes how many famous brands like Borders, Kodak, and HMV have failed to adapt to these changes and lists two tasks about how businesses can remain successful in this environment.
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This document discusses the vision, goals, and long-term growth of a business. It defines a vision statement and lists some common business goals such as becoming the largest business, improving market share, providing returns for investors, and contributing to community wellbeing. It also discusses commercial goals like profit and market share, social goals like community service and social justice, and personal goals of business owners. Long-term growth depends on a business's ability to develop assets and increase sales, profits, and market share over time.
Biz planning process lesson 1
A business plan sets goals and strategies for a business's future growth and development. It outlines sections like executive summary, goals, business description, management, operations, marketing, financials, and human resources. Developing a business plan helps test viability, maintain operations proactively, and identify strengths and weaknesses. The planning process involves situational analysis through a SWOT examining internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats.
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Working capital management involves maintaining liquidity by properly managing current assets and current liabilities. It requires determining the optimal mix of these items based on a typical target ratio of 2:1 for current assets to current liabilities. Effective working capital management strategies include controlling cash, receivables, and inventory levels; taking advantage of payment terms for payables and loans; and using leasing or sale-and-leaseback arrangements to acquire assets in a cost-effective manner.
Cash flow management
This document discusses ways for small and medium businesses to improve cash flow, including controlling working capital through negotiating better payment terms, offering discounts for early payment, and debt factoring. It also notes that good cash flow management can reduce borrowing costs, improve supplier relations through prompt payments, and boost customer confidence. The document provides advice for exam situations, suggesting identifying appropriate cash flow improvement methods for different business scenarios.
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This document discusses environmental issues and business ethics. It provides examples of natural resources used by businesses and consumers and discusses common environmental issues like climate change. The document suggests that both businesses and consumers should bear responsibility for environmental sustainability. Businesses are looking to adopt greener practices due to pressure from consumers, government, and their own conscience. Specific issues that a dairy business may face include air pollution, manure disposal, and water pollution. The document also discusses how consumers have responded to calls for greater environmental responsibility through reducing, reusing, and recycling. It outlines how climate change is impacted by greenhouse gas emissions and some potential effects of global warming. Finally, it lists ways that businesses can operate in a more environmentally friendly manner.
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Interest rates
- 1. Interest Rates By Ben and Zach
- 2. What are interest rates In Australia, every month, the RBA sets a national ‘Interest Rate’ which affects the interest made nationwide from government bonds, to bank deposits and so on. The interest rate affects the value of specific investments. The interest rate the RBA sets every month normally correlates to what the Australian economy currently needs or what the global financial position is.
- 4. How do RBA Interest Rates affect investment options? As Interest rates go up, investment options which rely on interest to generate a money will become more popular as they have a lower risk than shares and can generate just as much revenue. Yet when interest rates drop (like they have currently), investment options such as Government bonds and Bank term deposits generate very little revenue. Trading in Shares increases as they are more profitable ways to invest, despite having a higher risk of failure.
- 5. Why the RBA sets specific interest rates The RBA sets interest depending on what they want to happen to the Australian economy. If the RBA wants a growing economy and business development they will generally lower interest rates so people invest into shares. In turn they raise the interest rates is they want more money in the bank or if the global economy has a boom or decline depending on the circumstance.
- 6. When do Companies benefit or fail from RBA interest rates Decrease in IR: - Receive more money from stock sales - Drive up their share price increasing revenue and value of stock Increase in IR: - Lose revenue and investment opportunities - Banks begin to take over the economy diminishing other companies
- 7. When do People benefit and lose from RBA Interest rates? Decrease: - Housing prices and property investment opportunities increase - Investment in more risky opportunities occurs Increase: - People invest in a much less risky but similarly profitable investment, the bank - Home Loans and mortgages become more expensive