This document discusses the history and future of interoperability across cloud computing platforms, also known as "Intercloud". It summarizes that: 1) Intercloud connectivity and federation faces similar challenges to those that the early Internet faced with proprietary networks and solutions. 2) Standards organizations like IEEE and efforts like the Global Intercloud Testbed aim to foster open protocols and arrangements to allow clouds to interconnect and resources to be shared, just as TCP/IP and other protocols enabled the Internet. 3) An example use case of Intercloud is a mobile application accessing cloud resources across providers during travel by using a "roaming" arrangement between the home and local clouds.

1. David Bernstein
IEEE Cloud Standards P2300 Series Founder and Working Group Chair,
European Commission FP7 eInfrastructure Expert/Roadmap Group,
U.S. National Institute of Standards, Cloud Computing Project Scientist;
VP of Strategy, Cloudscaling
david@cloudscaling.com
January 2013

2. “History doesn't repeat itself - at
best it sometimes rhymes”
- Mark Twain
… with apologies to Dilbert
INTERCLOUD IS

3. 1857 - 1961
1857: Electric 1961: International
telegraphy available Direct Distance
to the general public Dialing

4. 1980 - 1997
1980
1989
1997?
1984

5. Walled Gardens
Proprietary
Proprietary Email
Email Client
Client
Proprietary No “Inter- Proprietary
Email net” Email
Client Client

6. The RFC That Killed the BBS
1997: Earthlink
hits 1M users,
has IPO

7. Service Provider Federation
Proprietary
Proprietary Email
Email Client
Client Interoperable
Server Side
Protocols and
Formats
TCP/IP
DNS
Proprietary SMTP Proprietary
Email MIME Email
Client Client
“Inter-net”

8. The Perfect Storm Begins, 2007
Cloud
LTE
Smart
Devices

9. A Familiar Picture?

10. It Really is a Déjà Vu!
Does it really take a visionary to see what will happen next?
"I'm seeing a possibility of inter-cloud problems mirroring
the Internet problems we had thirty or forty years ago,“, Vint
Cerf, Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist for Google

11. We Will See Profound, Federation Again
Proprietary
Proprietary
Computing,
Computing,
Storage Client
Storage Client Interoperable Server Side
Protocols and Formats
Intercloud
Proprietary
Proprietary NNI – Network Network Computing,
Storage Client
Computing, Interface based Federation
Storage Client

12. An Intercloud Use Case – Roaming
Intercloud
• Mobile App counts on cloud resources for Group Video Calling,
Comparative Shopping, or Augmented Reality
• Not Practical via OTT while travelling!
• Home cloud requests local cloud to perform these functions for the
subscriber using a roaming arrangement.

13. Intercloud
Status
• IEEE P2302
Standard for
Intercloud
Interoperability
and Federation in
Working Draft 2.0
• IEEE Global
Intercloud Testbed
soliciting
Founding
Members
http://standards.ieee.org/develop/project/2302.html
http://cloudcomputing.ieee.org/innovations/testbed

14. When Clouds Self Organize
with apologies to Terminator

15. THANK YOU
david@cloudscaling.com
Open Cloud Infrastructure
Simply Scaled Production Ready