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INT-450 Topic 1c Ethnography.pdf
- 2. Ethnography The discipline ofexegeting culture INT-450 • Cultural Anthropology • Topic 1c
- 3. When Daniel tookINT-450
- 4. In the thirdyear of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it. And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with some of the vessels of the house of God. And he brought them to the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, and placed the vessels in the treasury of his god. (Daniel 1:1–2 ESV)
- 5. Then the kingcommanded Ashpenaz, his chief eunuch, to bring some of the people of Israel, both of the royal family and of the nobility, youths without blemish, of good appearance and skillful in all wisdom, endowed with knowledge, understanding learning, and competent to stand in the king’s palace, and to teach them the literature and language of the Chaldeans. (Dan 1:3–4 ESV)
- 6. The king assignedthem a daily portion of the food that the king ate, and of the wine that he drank. They were to be educated for three years, and at the end of that time they were to stand before the king. Among these were Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah of the tribe of Judah. And the chief of the eunuchs gave them names: Daniel he called Belteshazzar, Hananiah he called Shadrach, Mishael he called Meshach, and Azariah he called Abednego (Dan 1:5–7 ESV)
- 8. How was Danieltrained in intercultural competence?
- 9.
- 10. Culture is Is thetotal way of life of a group of people that is (a) learned, (b) dynamic, (c) shared, (d) power laden, and (e) integrated (Howell & Paris, 2019, p. 64)
- 11. Culture • Learned —All cultural behaviors are acquired. 11
- 12. Biology is ourHardware Culture is our Software
- 13. Culture • Learned —All cultural behaviors are acquired. • Dynamic — culture constantly changes and adapts to peoples needs. 13
- 14. Cultural Essentialism: The erroneousbelief that racial categories are somehow always associated with distinct, fi xed, and stable cultural patterns
- 15. Culture • Learned —All cultural behaviors are acquired. • Dynamic — culture constantly changes and adapts to peoples needs. • Shared — Culture is socially constructed. It is not individual. 15
- 16. Culture • Learned —All cultural behaviors are acquired. • Dynamic — culture constantly changes and adapts to peoples needs. • Shared — Culture is socially constructed. It is not individual. • Power Laden — Culture is not neutral. People use cultural resources to attain goals. 16
- 17. Culture • Learned —All cultural behaviors are acquired. • Dynamic — culture constantly changes and adapts to peoples needs. • Shared — Culture is socially constructed. It is not individual. • Power Laden — Culture is not neutral. People use cultural resources to attain goals. • Integrated — All aspects of culture are related to other parts of culture. 17
- 18. What aspects ofWestern Culture are rooted in ancient pagan religions? 18
- 19.
- 20.
- 21.
- 22. Behaviors Traditions Cultural Artifacts Values Political Beliefs ReligiousBeliefs Worldview Visible Invisible
- 23. Behaviors Traditions Cultural Artifacts Values Political Beliefs ReligiousBeliefs Worldview Exegete
- 24. Behaviors Traditions Cultural Artifacts Values Political Beliefs ReligiousBeliefs Worldview Exegete Understand
- 25.
- 26. Ethnography is howwe exegete culture Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, October 27). ethnography. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/ethnography
- 27. Ethnography The descriptive studyof a human society or the process of making such a study. Contemporary ethnography is based almost entirely on fi eldwork and requires the complete immersion of the anthropologist in the culture and everyday life of the people who are the subject of his study. Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, October 27). ethnography. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/ethnography
- 28. An ethnographer…is aperson who writes a description of a cultural group or situation using participant observation and informant interviews. The product of the research is the ethnography. Shalinsky, Audrey. Ethnographer. In James Birx Ed. Encyclopedia of anthropology. Vol. 1 Sage Publication. p. 849
- 29. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer
- 30. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer Roles Rituals Artifacts Use of Space Language
- 31. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer Reader Roles Rituals Artifacts Use of Space Language
- 32. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer Reader Roles Rituals Artifacts Use of Space Language Research Question?
- 33. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer Reader Type of Study Roles Rituals Artifacts Use of Space Language Research Question?
- 34. Ethnography: Exegeting Culture CultureEthnographer Reader Biases Type of Study Roles Rituals Artifacts Use of Space Language Research Question?
- 35. Components of aStudy 1. Focus of the study — What culture or society do you want to study & why? 35
- 36. Components of aStudy 1. Focus of the study 2. Research Question — What question do you want to answer & why? 36
- 37. Components of aStudy 1. Focus of the study 2. Research Question 3. Methodology — Why kind of study do you want to do & why? 37
- 38. Components of aStudy 1. Focus of the study 2. Research Question 3. Methodology 4. Research Lens —What are your biases and approach? 38
- 39. Components 1. Focus —The Proposal 39
- 40. What culture didyou decide?
- 41. Components 1. Focus 2. ResearchQuestion • Short & concise • Speci fi c question with a speci fi c answer 41 Research Question?
- 42. Research Questions • Howdo Muslim college students at GCU engage with Christian curricula? • How do Haitian Christians relate to their non-Christian family members who still practice Voodoo? • How many Vietnamese Buddhists in Phoenix actively practice Buddhism? • What Hindu holidays do Indian Christians practice? 42
- 43. Research Questions • TPS— What are some questions you have about the culture you’re studying? 43
- 44. Components 1. Focus 2. ResearchQuestion 3. Methodology • Quantitative • Qualitative 44
- 45.
- 46. Quantitative — largenumbers a. Surveys and Demographics b. Large studies c. Huge budget d. Findings published in national news e. Graphs, Charts, Figures
- 47. Qualitative — Smallnumbers a. Interviews — one-on-one, in-person
- 48. Qualitative a. Interviews b. ParticipantObservation — Field notes, in person
- 49. Qualitative a. Interviews b. ParticipantObservation c. Focus Groups — groups of people interviews
- 50. Qualitative a. Interviews b. ParticipantObservation c. Focus Groups d. Archival — reviewing literature & existing studies
- 51. Components 1. Focus 2. ResearchQuestion 3. Methodology 4. Lenses (our biases) • Intentional lenses • Unintentional lenses (Biases) 51
- 52.
- 53. Intentional Lenses • CriticalLens — Exposing racism in a classroom • Transformative Lens — Seeking to eradicate gender discrimination in a church • Constructivist lens — discovering how immigrants create new life in the US • Positivist lens — determining if an evangelistic method is effective • Theological lens — Approaching the study with a Christian Worldview 53
- 54.
- 55. What are someof our cultural biases, and how do they distort the way we exegete culture?
- 56. How do wetry to suspend our biases?
- 57. Example of Ethnography MargaretMeade’s Field Notes on the Moccasin Game, Omaha Tribe (June, 1932)
- 58. Ethnographic Study ofSeinfeld’s “The Pie” 1994 1. What cultural artifacts were in the scene? 2. What were people’s role in the scene? 3. Describe the social organization participants. 4. What rituals were done in the scene? 5. What values were in conflict? 6. Describe the two cultures depicted and their differences.