The document discusses various computer components including input devices, processors, memory, storage devices and output devices. It describes the features, functions and uses of keyboards, mice, microphones, touchpads, digital cameras, scanners, webcams and other input devices. It also compares these input devices based on characteristics such as resolution, speed and cost. Output devices such as monitors, printers and speakers are also described along with comparisons of their characteristics. Storage devices including hard drives, floppy drives, CDs, DVDs and magnetic tape are outlined.

1. Computer Systems Intermediate 2 Revision

16. Represent the structure of a computer in the form of a simple five box diagram representing: input devices, processor, main memory, output devices and backing storage Processor Main Memory Input Backing Storage Input Output five box diagram

30. £10 - £40 speed of conversion from analogue to digital depends on the processor and the amount of RAM Unlikely to have much of its own cache. Generally depend upon fast access via a sound card to hard disk space to store the sample. N/A Microphone £3 - £15 the actual data transfer rate does not change the OS can be set by the user N/A N/A Mouse £12 - £30 restricted by users typing skills, max input speed 10 characters per sec N/A N/A Keyboard cost Speed of data transfer Capacity Resolution

31. cost Speed of data transfer Capacity Resolution £12 - 50 USB 2.0: 480 Mbit per sec N/A max number of pixels: approx. 640x480 Webcam £40 – £300+ USB 2.0: 480 Mbit per sec The scanner itself doesn’t have any RAM so the data is sent directly to computer. for display purposes on a monitor : 72 dpi Flat bed scanners up to: 2400x4800 Scanner depends on make and quality. £100 -£3000+ USB 1.0: 12 Mbit s USB 2.0: 480 Mbit per sec Vary from 16 MB – 2 Gb Often 3 settings: 480x640, 1024x768, 1600x1200 Digital Camera approx £175 based on USB 1.0: 12 Mbits per sec N/A N/A Touchpad

33. Ideal for use in laptops, tablets and palmtops. Full sized LCD monitors are becoming increasingly popular with desktop computers Allows different amounts of white backlight through an active filter. The red, green and blue of each pixel are achieved by filtering the white light that is allowed through. Lightweight, compact and require little power compared to CRT monitors LCD Panel Since they are heavy and not easily moved they are usually used with desktop computers. An electronic gun at one end fires a stream of tiny electrons at the screen located as the other end. The image is made by illuminating particles on the screen. Heavy, tend to be fairly large. Sealed glass tube that has no air inside it. CRT Monitor Uses Functions Features

34. Uses Functions Features Ideal for printing a lot of printouts. Commonly found in schools and offices. By using a laser beam to trace the image of the page layout onto a photosensitive drum. This image then attracts toner by means of an electrostatic charge. The toner is fused to the paper by heat and pressure. Come in both black and white and colour. Tend to be fairly large in comparison to an inkjet printer. 16pp print speed, 1 st page in 12 secs, USB 2 Laser Printer Ideal for the occasional presentation and livening up mostly text documents. Also for Invitations Greeting cards, etc. These work by spraying a fine jet of ink, which is both heated and under pressure onto paper. Come in both black and white and colour Inkjet Printer

36. Compare output devices using appropriate characteristics including resolution, capacity, speed of data transfer, cost 17” monitor : £80 25” monitor : £1800 N/A 17” monitor : max 1280x1024 800x600 or 1024x768 15” monitor : 640x480 or 800x600 Monitor 17” monitor : £300 Max 1280x1024 LCD Panel Capacity Cost Speed of Transfer Resolution

37. Cost Speed of Transfer Capacity Resolution Black & white: £150 to £800 Cheaper consumables, typically costs less than 1p per page of text. Colour: £550 to £ 2000 12 seconds Black & white: 8 Mb RAM expandable to 136 Mb From 600 to 2400 dpi Laser Printer Some are as cheap as £25 because the profit comes form the consumables, e.g. ink cartridges. 5p to print a page of text more for graphics. Top of the range models approx. £220 Black and white: 10 ppm Colour: 6 ppm Typically 2880x1440 Inkjet Printer

38. Varies but approx. £100 to £300 Depends on sound card N/A N/A Loudspeaker Cost Speed of Transfer Capacity Resolution

41. Describe the features, functions and uses of current magnetic storage devices and media including floppy drive, hard drive, zip drive, magnetic tape drive Stores large files, e.g. photo images, desktop publishing files and video. Often used to back up data. Good for storing large files on a portable medium. A removable storage device that securely stored computer data magnetically. It is durable and portable. A 100 Mb zip drive can hold the equivalent of 70 floppy disks. Direct Access Zip Drive Uses Functions Features Often used for back-up of hard disks. This is automatically done overnight and is suitable for network or mainframe backups. used for permanent storage Inexpensive, well understood and easy to remove and replace. Traditionally large real-to-reel tapes used. Currently tends to be cassettes. Some of these are even smaller than an audio cassette but hold mmore data than the huge reels. Sequential Access Magnetic Tape Drive

42. Describe the features, functions and uses of current optical storage devices and media including CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, rewritable DVD Distribution of a finished product/program Permanent backing storage and archiving encyclopaedias Once the disk has been recorded on it cannot be recorded over. Compact disk recordable Can be recorded on once only. Several different formats, some won’t work in a CD-ROM drive CD-R Store encyclopaedias Store Software These can only be used to read information on them- the user cannot save data to a CD-ROM disk. CD-ROM writers use a high-powered laser to store data by making tiny pits in the surface of the CD-ROM disk. The patterns of these pits is read by a sensor in the CD-ROM drive that detects light reflected off the surface of the disk. The patterns are then turned into binary numbers. Direct Access CD-ROM Uses Functions Features

43. Describe the features, functions and uses of current optical storage devices and media including CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, rewritable DVD Encyclopaedias Games Movies These can only be used to read information on them- the user cannot save data to a DVD-ROM disk. Digital versatile disk read only memory Same size and composition as CDs, but store more information as a consequence of smaller track spacing and smaller ‘land and pits’ (bits) Can be recorded on both sides. DVD-ROM Portable media for transferring files to another computer. Back-up of hard drive (drive image) Storing photos/movie files (large size) The disk can be recorded on and recorded over as desired. Compact disk rewritable. Same size and shape as other CD media but you can write and rewrite onto a CD-RW CD-RW Uses Functions Features

44. Describe the features, functions and uses of current optical storage devices and media including CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, rewritable DVD Distribution of a finished product/program Permanent backing storage and archiving encyclopaedias Can only record on to the DVD until the DVD is full. The DVD cannot be overwritten Allows the user to record in a single session or in multiple sessions until the disk is complete DVD-R Distribution of a finished product/program Permanent backing storage and archiving encyclopaedias Can record on the DVD as often as desired. Can be used over 1000 times to write and re-write data onto the RW disk. Two different types of disk DVD-RW and DVD+RW. DVD-RW Uses Functions Features

45. Compare storage devices using appropriate characteristics including type of access, capacity, speed of data transfer, cost N/A Low/medium Direct Fast High Flash Low Low/medium Direct Fast Very high Rewritable DVD Low Low Direct Fast High CD-RW Very Low Low Direct Fast High CD-R High High Serial Fast (but sequential) Very high Tape - Low/medium Direct Very fast Very high Hard disk Very low Very low Direct Slow Low Floppy disk Media Cost Drive Cost Type of Access Transfer Capacity Drive

85. Identify data objects and operations in the context of word processing, databases, spreadsheets, and graphic packages Enter, insert, edit, delete, copy, paste, format, search, sort, calculate, query Import/export Report Field Record File Layout Database Enter, insert, edit, delete, copy, paste, format, spell check, search and replace Import/export Add row, ass column, Split cell, merge cell Group, scale, move forward/back Character Word Sentence Paragraph Table Drawing Word Processor Operations Objects Package

86. Operations Objects Package Enter, insert, edit, delete, copy, paste, format, scale, rotate, layer, group, ungroup, crop Pixel Line Circle Rectangle Polygon Graphics Enter, insert, edit, delete, copy, paste, set attributes Format, import/export Calculate (sum, average, max, min, if) Chart scale Cells Row Column Number Text Formula Chart Spreadsheet

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