Insomnia is a sleep disorder where people have difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep for a long period. There are two types - primary insomnia which is not associated with any health conditions, and secondary insomnia which is caused by other factors like stress, mental health issues, medications, or medical conditions. Insomnia can negatively impact people's daily functioning and is linked to higher risks of other health problems if left untreated.

2. • Insomnia, or sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder in
which there is an inability to fall asleep or to stay
asleep as long as desired. Insomnia is most often
thought of as both a sign and a symptom that can
accompany several sleep, medical, and psychiatric
disorders characterized by a persistent difficulty
falling asleep and/or staying asleep or sleep of poor
quality. Insomnia is typically followed by functional
impairment while awake.
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3. Types of Insomnia
• There are two types of insomnia: primary insomnia and
secondary insomnia.
• Primary Insomnia: Primary insomnia means that a person is
having sleep problems that are not directly associated with any
other health condition or problem.
• Secondary Insomnia: Secondary insomnia means that a
person is having sleep problems because of something else,
such as a health condition (like asthma,
depression, arthritis, cancer, or heartburn); pain; medication
they are taking; or a substance they are using (like alcohol).
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4. Effects of Insomnia
 Lower performance on the job or at school
 Slowed reaction time while driving and higher risk of
accidents
 Psychiatric problems, such as depression or an anxiety
disorder
 Overweight or obesity
 Poor immune system function
 Increased risk and severity of long-term diseases, such as high
blood pressure, heart disease and diabetes
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5. Risk Factors
You're a woman
You're over age 60
You have a mental health disorder
You're under a lot of stress
You work night or changing shifts
You travel long distances
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6. Causes of Insomnia
Stress
Depression
Medications
Poor Sleeping Habits
Caffeine, Nicotine and Alcohol
Change in Environment or Work Schedule
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7. Stress
• Concerns about work,
school, health or family
can keep your mind
active at night, making
it difficult to sleep.
Stressful life events,
such as the death or
illness of a loved one,
divorce or a job loss,
may lead to insomnia.
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8. Depression
• You might either sleep too
much or have trouble
sleeping if you're depressed.
This may be due to chemical
imbalances in your brain or
because worries that
accompany depression may
keep you from relaxing
enough to fall asleep.
Insomnia often accompanies
other mental health
disorders as well.
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9. Medications
• Many prescription drugs can
interfere with sleep, including
some antidepressants, heart and
blood pressure medications,
allergy medications, stimulants
(such as Ritalin) and
corticosteroids. Many over-the-
counter (OTC) medications,
including some pain medication
combinations, decongestants and
weight-loss products, contain
caffeine and other stimulants.
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10. Precautions to Avoid
Insomnia
Use your bed and bedroom only for sleeping or sex
Stick to a sleep schedule
Get out of bed when you're not sleeping
Find ways to relax
Avoid or limit naps
Avoid or limit caffeine, alcohol and nicotine
Exercise and stay active
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