Insomnia is a sleeping disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep. It affects 30-50% of the general population, with women being affected more than men. Symptoms include difficulty falling asleep, waking up often during the night, and waking up too early. Insomnia can be primary, meaning not associated with any other condition, or secondary, caused by a health problem, medication, or substance use. While insomnia may resolve on its own, treatment focuses on developing good sleep habits and avoiding medications whenever possible.