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Information Highlighting

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Tim Ostler
Tim Ostler

A study of the discourse-analytical and other textual criteria people use to select words when they are highlighting a text for others.

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1 of 60
Information Highlighting ,[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1 Highlighters 1 Origins 2 Cognitive function 3 Highlighting for others
Highlighters 1/3 Origins ,[object Object],[object Object]
Highlighters 2/3 Cognitive function ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Highlighters 3/3 Highlighting for others
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2 Highlighting as information visualisation 1 Syntax highlighting 2 SeeSoft 3 TextLight 4 Readers vs. Authors
Highlighting as info visualisation 1/4 Syntax highlighting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Highlighting as info visualisation 2/4 SeeSoft ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Highlighting as info visualisation 3/4 TextLight ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Highlighting as info visualisation 4/4 Readers vs. authors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3 Past studies on visual cueing 1 Judging importance 2 Choosing words 1 3 Choosing words 2 4 Core content 5 How many words? 6 Large variance
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Past studies 1/6 Judging importance
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Past studies 2/6 Choosing words 1
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Past studies 3/6 Choosing words 2
Past studies 4/6 “Core” content ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Past studies 5/6 How many words?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Past studies 6/6 Large variance
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
4 User study 1 Experimental procedure 2 Analytical procedure 3 Analysis of results 4 Observations
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],User study 1/4 Experimental procedure
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],User study 2/4 Analytical procedure
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],User study 3/4 Analysis of results
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],User study 4/4 Observations
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
5 Heuristics 1 Correlation with average choice 2 Key correlations 3 Best heuristics 4 Highlighting by humans 1 5 Highlighting by humans 2 6 Highlighting by best heuristics 7 Performance of best heuristics
[object Object],[object Object],Heuristics 1/7 Correlation with average choice
Heuristics 2/7 Key correlations
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heuristics 3/7 Best heuristics
Heuristics 4/7 Highlighting by humans 1 ,[object Object]
Heuristics 5/7 Highlighting by humans 2 ,[object Object]
Heuristics 6/7 Highlighting by best heuristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heuristics 7/7 Performance of best heuristics
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
6 Identifying discourse markers 1 Segments 2 Statements 3 Solution stages 4 Stage labels 5 Cue words as signals 6 “Solution” signals
Identifying discourse markers 1/6 Segments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying discourse markers 2/6 Statements ,[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying discourse markers 3/6 Solution stage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying discourse markers 4/6 Stage signals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying discourse markers 5/6 Cue words as signals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying discourse markers 6/6 “Solution” signals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
7 “Given” and “new” information 1 Highlighting the new 2 Narrative stages 3 Importance 4 Intonation 5 First statement 6 Lists 7 “Solution” as “new” 8 Quasi-revision 9 Levels of “new”
“ Given” and “new” information 1/9 Highlighting the new ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
"Given" and ”new" information 2/9 Narrative stages ,[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 3/9 Importance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 4/9 Intonation ,[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 5/9 First statement ,[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 6/9 Lists ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 7/9 “Solution” as “new ” ,[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 8/9 Quasi-revision ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Given” and “new” information 9/9 Levels of “newness” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
6 Future directions 1 Highlighting long neglected 2 Virtues of highlighting 3 TextLight: to do
Future directions 1/3 Highlighting long neglected ,[object Object],[object Object]
Future directions 2/3 Virtues of highlighters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Future directions 3/3 TextLight: to do ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TextLight URLs ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Information Highlighting

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. 1 Highlighters 1 Origins 2 Cognitive function 3 Highlighting for others
  • 4.
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  • 8. 2 Highlighting as information visualisation 1 Syntax highlighting 2 SeeSoft 3 TextLight 4 Readers vs. Authors
  • 9.
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  • 14. 3 Past studies on visual cueing 1 Judging importance 2 Choosing words 1 3 Choosing words 2 4 Core content 5 How many words? 6 Large variance
  • 15.
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  • 22. 4 User study 1 Experimental procedure 2 Analytical procedure 3 Analysis of results 4 Observations
  • 23.
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  • 28. 5 Heuristics 1 Correlation with average choice 2 Key correlations 3 Best heuristics 4 Highlighting by humans 1 5 Highlighting by humans 2 6 Highlighting by best heuristics 7 Performance of best heuristics
  • 29.
  • 30. Heuristics 2/7 Key correlations
  • 31.
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  • 37. 6 Identifying discourse markers 1 Segments 2 Statements 3 Solution stages 4 Stage labels 5 Cue words as signals 6 “Solution” signals
  • 38.
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  • 41.
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  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45. 7 “Given” and “new” information 1 Highlighting the new 2 Narrative stages 3 Importance 4 Intonation 5 First statement 6 Lists 7 “Solution” as “new” 8 Quasi-revision 9 Levels of “new”
  • 46.
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  • 56. 6 Future directions 1 Highlighting long neglected 2 Virtues of highlighting 3 TextLight: to do
  • 57.
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  • 60.