The document discusses several fundamental concepts related to industrial safety and the environment. It outlines the Pareto principle, also known as the 80/20 rule, which states that typically 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. For example, 20% of hazards may cause 80% of injuries. It also discusses management error and how 85% of errors may be due to poor management processes rather than worker issues. Finally, it introduces the six sigma approach which uses a five-step DMAIC process of define, measure, analyze, improve, and control to identify and address issues in processes.

1. INDUSTRIAL SAFETY &
ENVIORNMENT
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND TERMS

2. CONTENTS
• PARETO PRINCIPLE
• MANAGEMENT ERROR
• SIX SIGMA

3. PARETO PRINCIPLE
• Also known as Vital Few Theory, 80/20 Rule, Principle Of Factor Sparsity.
• Generally, 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.
• Pareto introduced the principle by observing peas.
• 80% of sales come from 20% of clients

4. PARETO PRINCIPLE
• 20% of the hazards causes 80% of the injuries.
• With respect to safety, 80% Money expends on 20% Major Accidents.
• Serious/Major loss < Minor loss < No Loss/Injury
• 20% Money consumes on 80% Minor accidents.
• Major i.e. explosion, death.
• Minor i.e. Tool/equipment break or damage, Person small injury cut or pain.

5. EXAMPLES

6. MANAGEMENT ERROR
• Error in management system.
• Juran and Demming focused errors by workers as attributes of poor management processes.
• Deming claims that 85% of errors are the result of poor processes.
• Errors are a management issue, not a worker issue.

7. MANAGEMENT=BRAIN

8. 7 DEADLY DISEASES FOR MANAGEMENT
• The careless of the loyalty of purpose factor, to plan a product or service.
• Organizations giving importance to short term profits.
• Employing personal review systems to evaluate performance, merit ratings, and annual
reviews for employees.
• Constant Job Hopping.
• Use of visible figures only for management, with little or no consideration of figures that
are unknown or unknowable.
• An overload of Medical Costs/overheads.
• Excessive costs of liability.

9. RESULT OF POOR MANAGEMENT

10. SOLUTION
• By engaging both workers and managers together in helping to get the processes
right, all participants work together to achieve quality (and safety).
• To eliminate error management have to create friendly environment.
• Workers Feedback.
• This all result will: Eliminate error, minimize unawareness, reduce illness,
improve lose wages etc.

11. SOLUTION

12. SIX SIGMA
Six Sigma uses DMAIC, a clearly defined five-step improvement process that consists of the
following:
• Define
• Identify the process and define the scope of the project.
• Clearly identify the inputs and outputs of the process.
Measure
• Evaluate/idea the measurement systems and resulting data.
Analyze
• Determine cause-and-effect relationships.
• Identify the root cause of the defects.
• Improve
• Develop and implement improvements.
• Test effectiveness of improvements.
Control
• Implement a system to sustain the improvements

13. 6 SIGMA