The session will discuss best practices and approaches for strengthening gender considerations and the use of indigenous and traditional knowledge in adaptation which are part of the guiding principles for the formulation and implementation of NAPs. Others principles are: a continuous planning process at the national level with iterative updates and outputs; country-owned, country-driven; not prescriptive, but flexible and based on country needs; building on and not duplicating existing adaptation efforts; participatory and transparent; enhancing coherence of adaptation and development planning; supported by comprehensive monitoring and review; considering vulnerable groups, communities and ecosystems; guided by best available science.

1. Indigenous and
traditional knowledge
for adaptation
Addressing gender and other guiding principles of NAPs
Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim
AFPAT Coordinator
July 2016

2. How indigenous traditional knowledge
(ITK) can contribute to adaptation
 Indigenous people are deeply
connected to their environment.
 Traditional knowledge are used
to anticipate the changes in
weather patters
 Traditional knowledge can
provide a very accurate mapping
of natural resources
 All these knowledges :
 Are threaten by climate change
 But can also be shared to helps
local communities to adapt

3. The Case of the Mbororo People
 Nomadic and semi-nomadic herders
 living in Cameroon, the Central
African Republic, Chad, Niger and
Nigeria
 250.000 in Chad (1993 estimation of
national statistic)
 This community developed a large
array of indigenous traditional
practices based on their interactions
in their living environment and their
empirical experiments in their
attempts to improve the quality of
their lives.
 building on traditional knowledge
systems to cope with seasonal
weather patterns and sustainably
manage meagre resources

4. Challenges for M’bororo people facing
climate change
Seasonal migration challenges
Where the Mbororo Peoples and
Official Science Meet
 Climate science uses modern
monitoring and forecasting systems
to generate and provide a wide range
of information on past, present and
future
 Local decision making: information &
other factors e.g. social networks,
local loyalties, cultural values,
intuition, beliefs and age-old trust in
traditional predictive systems.
 Ordinary people experience great
difficulties in making their voice
heard by scientists.
 Communications challenges are found
along a continuum
Long
• Mobility over more
than 1000 Km (up to
DRC)
Medium
• Mobility up to 700 km (Nord to
South Chad)
Short
• Mobility up to 100 km (in one
Region)

5. 3-D participatory mapping – an example of
indigenous peoples knowledge mobilization
 Using ICT methodology
 Workshop with men and women
from the community
 Participants associated to the
map creation
 Workshop to implement the
outcome of the project with
the communities
 Mapping of all natural resources
in one area:
 Water
 Pasture
 Soils
 Plants and crops

6. A positive impacts for adaptation
 Conflict resolution:
 climate change will increase the
tensions for natural resources. 3D
Mapping and ITK helps to share
the resources and to use it more
efficiently
 Agriculture adaptation :
 ITK can helps farmers to identify
crops resistant to droughts or
floods
 ITK can help to identify by
anticipating changes in weather
patters.
 Health :
 ITK can helps to identify and
protect plants and trees used by
traditional medicine
Traditional medicine provide access to health services to
the poorest, and basis for scientific research

7. The Paris Agreement encourages the use of
indigenous peoples traditional knowledge
 Paris Agreement Article 7 :

8. 10 key principles for ITK inclusions in
NAPs
1. Community control, a rights-based
approach & an ethical framework will
build trust and cooperation
2. An intersectoral approach will create
greater coherence
3. Facilitate interaction of science and
ITK
4. Conserve wild resources and
ecosystems
5. Conflict-sensitive adaptation and ITK
need to be linked
6. Security of tenure and legal
considerations of customary land
management will influence long-term
sustainability
7. Customary natural resource
governance is part of ITK approaches
to adaptation
8. Technology can be a useful bridge
between oral ITK and the need for
data and physical planning tools
9. Gender-sensitive approach
10. Involve the schools to facilitate
linkages between ITK, skills
development and formal schooling

9. How to mobilize Indigenous Peoples
Knowledges in National Adaptation Plans
Key Principles Examples of implementation
Participation /
Inclusiveness
Organized workshop with IP representatives and communities for NAPs
definition & implementation
Gender Create specific dialogue to mobilize women’ knowledge
Funding Allow direct access to civil society organization and indigenous
communities to climate finance, in particular for small-scale projects

10. THANK YOU !!!
www.afpat.int
www.ipacc.org.za