The document discusses several major historical events that changed life in North America and Colombia between the 18th and 19th centuries, including the American and French Revolutions. The 13 colonies in North America rebelled against British rule due to new taxes, leading to the American Revolution and independence movement led by George Washington based on Enlightenment principles of freedom, equality, and self-governance. The French Revolution ended monarchal rule and established rights of man. In Colombia, indigenous groups and mestizos led communal movements and protests against high taxes imposed by the Spanish viceroy.