history

1. THE GROWTH OF NATIONALISM
(AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE)
BY-DEEPANSH,GAUTAM,YASH,
AGRIM,AMOLAK

4. • The discovery of America by Columbus in 1492 A.D. encouraged
France, Holland, Spain, and England to establish colonies in North
America. Originally, there were 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast
in America mainly by English settlers.
THE EUROPEAN COLONIES IN AMERICA

5. CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN WAR OF
INDEPENDENCE
• 1. **Mismanagement of the Colonies**-Most of the people settled in these
colonies had come from England, but they were not given the rights which
Englishmen living in England enjoyed.The people found that the governor and
the captains who were all nominated by the British government often acted
against their interests.Though colonies had their elected assembly, but the
governor and author officials were not responsible to these assemblies.
• 2.**Economic Exploitation Colonies**-England wanted to exploit the
colonies to the maximum, but they were not prepared for this, full stop.The
colonists wanted to expand and run their businesses and industries themselves.
But the British government passed certain laws against the colonies which were
beneficial to England.

6. •1.The Sugar Act
•2. Stamp Act
•3.Declaratory Act
TYPES OF ACTS

7. SUGAR ACT(1764)
• The sugar act started because government of Britain needed money
to pay off the cost of French and Indian war, expenses for running
colonies and newly acquired territories.
• Act was taxed on sugar, wine, molasses and coffee.
• Tax on molasses almost stopped the rum trade from New England,
and the colonies there protested.
• It put a three-cent tax on foreign refined sugar and increased taxes on
coffee, indigo, and certain kinds of wine.

8. STAMP ACT(1765)
• The Parliament of Great Britain imposed a direct tax on the colonies of British America.
• The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops stationed in North America after British
victory in the SevenYears' War .
• The Americans said that there was no military need for the soldiers because there were no
foreign enemies on the continent, and the Americans had always protected themselves against
Indians.
• Stamp became mandatory on legal documents, magazines, playing cards, newspapers, and many
other paper used throughout the colonies.
• The colonists protested, refused to pay tax, burned the stamped papers, boycotted British
products and merchants.
Example of a
stamp showing
that a colonist
paid the stamp
tax.

9. DECLARATORY ACT OR INTOLERABLE
ACTS(1774)
• Due to Massachusetts’ constant resistance to parliamentary rule and as punishment for
the BostonTea Party, the King and his Parliament passed a series of laws to limit
political and geographical freedoms. These laws were called the Coercive Acts or
Intolerable Acts.
1. The Boston Harbor would be closed until the East India Tea Company was repaid fully for the
tea lost at the “Tea Party.”
• 2. Quartering Act was extended to publicly occupied buildings.
• 3. British Officials could not be tried in colonial courts for their crimes; instead, they would
be sent back to Britain to receive punishment.
• 4. Colonial charters, which stated rules and government set up, were annulled and British
Governors were in complete control of town meetings.
• 5.The border of Canada was now extended into the western colonies of Connecticut,
Massachusetts andVirginia.

10. BOSTON TEA PARTY(1773)
• The BostonTea Party was a direct response from colonists who
opposed tea which was taxed by someone other than their own
representatives.
• On December 16, 1773 the Sons of Liberty, were led by Samuel
Adams, dressed up as Mohawk Indians and headed to the Boston
Harbor.
• These Radical Patriots quickly and quietly boarded three different
ships arming themselves with axes and hatchets.
• The group disguised as Native Americans threw 342 crates of tea
overboard, destroying the precious British tea.
• This act of defiance made King George III furious and he told the
Patriots they would be punished!

11. TREATY OF PARIS(1783)
• The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of
Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on
September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War.
• This treaty and the separate peace treaties between Great Britain and the
nations that supported the American cause — France, Spain, and the Dutch
Republic — are known collectively as the Peace of Paris.
• If the treaty was not signed, the British culture and religion would not be part
of the Canadian identity.

12. CONTINENTAL CONGRESS(1776)
• The Continental Congress, in the period of the
American Revolution, was the body of delegates
who spoke and acted collectively for the people of
the colony state. First of the Second Congress
managed the colonial war effort, and moved slowly
towards independence, adopting the United States
Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776, which
was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.

13. REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND BIRTH OF
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• The Revolutionary War, 1775-83, also known as the American Revolution, arose from growing tensions between residents of
Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government which represented the British crown.
• The Second Continental Congress appointed George Washington as Commander in Chief of the Continental Army .
• On July 4, the Continental Congress voted to adopt the declaration of Independence, drafted by a five man committee
including Franklin and John Adams but written mainly by Jefferson.
• On September 3, 1783, Great Britain formally recognized the independence of the United States in the Treaty of Paris.At the
same time, Britain signed separate peace treaties with France and Spain, which had entered the conflict in 1779, bringing the
American Revolution War to a close after eight long years.
• American independence was recognized by the Treaty ofVersailles in 1783.

14. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE
AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
• The AmericanWar of Independence occupies an important place among the remarkable events in world
history.As a result of this revolution, not only did a new nation emerge in the NewWorld, but a new era began
for humanity.
• (a) Birth of the United States of America emerged as a new state, namely the U.S.A., as a sovereign
independent country. It had a written constitution, the first ever written constitution in the world.American
industry got a big boost as it got rid of restrictions imposed by England.
• b) Impact on England suffered losses in trade and commerce, losing a very lucrative market by losing the
American colonies. Increased national debts, leading to a financial crisis. Great blow to the power and prestige
of England as a country. King George III’s personal rule in England practically came to an end
• c) Impact on France The American Revolution encouraged the French Revolution of 1789.The American call for
rights – “Liberty, Equality, and Pursuit of Happiness” – inspired the French to fight against despotism and for
Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. French help to America also weakened France financially, accelerating
revolutionary conditions
• .(d) Impact on theWorld Infused new vigor into anti-colonial revolutions worldwide. Had an unfavorable effect
on India: British officers crushed the power of France in India, paving the way for British imperialism.Yet, Indian
nationalists were inspired by the American Revolution.The Declaration of Independence prepared the ground
for political philosophy and revolutionary ideas in European history in the 19th century

15. THANK YOU
BY DEEPANSH,
GAUTAM,YASH,AGRIM,A
MOLAMOLAK