Clinical imaging is playing a fundamental limit in assessment and patching of affliction and discovering tumors and finding of threatening cells in less than ideal stage. As a standard system for perceiving bone features, is minute pictures were used. These photos are secured by using small radiography, where it expected to reiterated, drawn out and work raised measure. This method cant recognize the destructive cells because of the presence of uproar in the photos. Hence there is a necessity for automated and strong strategies to finish the image planning examination. As a first stage, the most fundamental piece of picture planning is to denoising without barging in on the diagnostics information during the clearing of commotion. The past collaboration disposes of the uproar and present fog in the image. To get precise picture getting ready, we have executed fragile and hard breaking point with various coefficients and to check the edge Visu wither was used. It was found that the Wavelet deionsing gadget was a helpful resource for picture improvement. In the gathering, our proposed work was connected with pre planning methodology to wipe out the noise and to get smooth pictures. This collaboration will help with improving the idea of the image and besides take out the fake areas. To recognize the presence of bone illness and to choose its stage, K infers estimation was used and thusly to get smooth picture, edge division measure was performed. Miss. Kode Keerthi | Mr. Parasurama N "Implementation of Medical Image Analysis using Image Processing Techniques" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39893.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/39893/implementation-of-medical-image-analysis-using-image-processing-techniques/miss-kode-keerthi
This paper primarily focuses on to employ a novel approach to classify the brain tumor and its area. The Tumor is an uncontrolled enlargement of tissues in any portion of the human body. Tumors are of several types and have some different characteristics. According to their characteristics some of them are avoidable and some are unavoidable. Brain tumor is serious and life threatening issues now days, because of today’s hectic lifestyle. Medical imaging play important role to diagnose brain tumor .In this study an automated system has been proposed to detect and calculate the area of tumor. For proposed system the experiment carried out with 150 T1 weighted MRI images. The edge based segmentation, watershed segmentation has applied for tumor, and watershed segmentation has used to extract abnormal cells from the normal cells to get the tumor identification of involved and noninvolved areas so that the radiologist differentiate the affected area. The experiment result shows tumor extraction and area of tumor find the weather it is benign and malignant.
This paper primarily focuses on to employ a novel approach to classify the brain tumor and its area. The Tumor is an uncontrolled enlargement of tissues in any portion of the human body. Tumors are of several types and have some different characteristics. According to their characteristics some of them are avoidable and some are unavoidable. Brain tumor is serious and life threatening issues now days, because of today’s hectic lifestyle. Medical imaging play important role to diagnose brain tumor .In this study an automated system has been proposed to detect and calculate the area of tumor. For proposed system the experiment carried out with 150 T1 weighted MRI images. The edge based segmentation, watershed segmentation has applied for tumor, and watershed segmentation has used to extract abnormal cells from the normal cells to get the tumor identification of involved and noninvolved areas so that the radiologist differentiate the affected area. The experiment result shows tumor extraction and area of tumor find the weather it is benign and malignant.
Tumor Detection and Classification of MRI Brain Images using SVM and DNNijtsrd
The brain is one of the most complex organ in the human body that works with billions of cells. A cerebral tumor occurs when there is an uncontrolled division of cells that form an abnormal group of cells around or within the brain. This cell group can affect the normal functioning of brain activity and can destroy healthy cells. Brain tumors are classified as benign or low grade Grade 1 and 2 and malignant tumors or high grade Grade 3 and 4 . The proposed methodology aims to differentiate between normal brain and tumor brain Benign or Melign . The proposed method in this paper is automated framework for differentiate between normal brain and tumor brain. Then our method is used to predict the diseases accurately. Then these methods are used to predict the disease is affected or not by using a comparison method. These methodology are validated by a comprehensive set of comparison against competing and well established image registration methods, by using real medical data sets and classic measures typically employed as a benchmark by the medical imaging community our proposed method is mostly used in medical field. It is used to easily detect the diseases. We demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the preset framework throughout a comprehensive set of qualitative comparisons against several influential state of the art methods on various brain image databases. Sanmathi. R | Sujitha. K | Susmitha. G | Gnanasekaran. S ""Tumor Detection and Classification of MRI Brain Images using SVM and DNN"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30192.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/30192/tumor-detection-and-classification-of-mri-brain-images-using-svm-and-dnn/sanmathi-r
Today, computer aided system is widely used in various fields. Among them, the brain tumor detection is an important task in medical image processing. Early diagnosis of brain tumors plays an important role in improving treatment possibilities and increases the survival rate of the patients. Manual segmentation of brain tumors for cancer diagnosis, from large amount of Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI images generated in clinical routine, is a difficult and time consuming task or even generates errors. So, the automatic brain tumor segmentation is needed to segment tumor. The purpose of the thesis is to detect the brain tumor quickly and accurately from the MRI brain image. In the system, the average filter is used to remove noise and make smooth an input MRI image and threshold segmentation is applied to segment tumor region from MRI brain images. Region properties method is used to detect the tumor region exactly. And then, the equation of the tumor region in the system is effectively applied in any shape of the tumor region. Moe Moe Aye | Kyaw Kyaw Lin "Brain Tumor Detection System for MRI Image" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27864.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/27864/brain-tumor-detection-system-for-mri-image/moe-moe-aye
Segmentation and Classification of Brain MRI Images Using Improved Logismos-B...IJERA Editor
Automated reconstruction and diagnosis of brain MRI images is one of the most challenging problems in medical imaging. Accurate segmentation of MRI images is a key step in contouring during radiotherapy analysis. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are the most widely used radiographic techniques in diagnosis and treatment planning. Segmentation techniques used for the brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the methods used by the radiographer to detect any abnormality specifically in brain. The method also identifies important regions in brain such as white matter (WM), gray matter (GM) and cerebrospinal fluid spaces (CSF). These regions are significant for physician or radiographer to analyze and diagnose the disease. We propose a novel clustering algorithm, improved LOGISMOS-B to classify tissue regions based on probabilistic tissue classification, generalized gradient vector flows with cost and distance function. The LOGISMOS graph segmentation framework. Expand the framework to allow regionally-aware graph construction and segmentation.
One of the most dangerous disease occurring these days i.e. brain tumor can be detected by MRI images. Biomedical imaging and medical image processing that plays a vital role for MRI images has now become the most challenging field in engineering and technology. A detailed information about the anatomy can be showed through MRI images, that helps in monitoring the disease and is beneficial for the diagnosis as it consists of a high tissue contrast and have fewer artifacts. For tracking the disease and to proceed its treatment, MRI images plays a key role. It is having several advantages over other imaging techniques and is an important step for post-processing of medical images. However, having a large amount of data for manual analysis can sometimes proved to be an obstacle in the way of its effective use. In this paper, the introduction of image processing and the details of image segmentation techniques such as image preprocessing, feature extraction, image enhancement and classification of tumor processes, and how image segmentation can be applied to all Other available imaging modalities that are different from one another. This paper provides the survey on various methods used for image segmentation that have been applied for MRI images, that detects the tumor by segmenting the brain images into constituent parts. Also the advantages and disadvantages of Image segmentation is discussed using the various approaches of image segmentation of MRI brain images.
Detection of Prostate Cancer Using Radial/Axial Scanning of 2D Trans-rectal U...journalBEEI
The search for improvement in the result of segmentation of regions of interest in medical images has continued to be a source of challenge to researchers. Several research efforts have gone in to delineate regions of interest in the prostate gland from Trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) 2D-images. In this work, we develop a fast algorithm based on radial/axial scanning of the pixels of the prostate gland image with the goal of detecting hyper-echoic pixels that are bound within the boundaries of the gland TRUS 2D-images. The algorithm implements expert knowledge and utilizes the features extracted from the intensity of the TRUS images, primarily the relative intensity and gradient to delineate region of interest. It employs radial/axial scanning of the image from common seed point automatically selected to detect the region of the gland and subsequently hyper-echoic pixels which indicate suspected cancerous tissue cites. Evaluation of the algorithm performance was done by comparing detection result with that of expert radiologists. The detection algorithm gave an average accuracy of 88.55% and sensitivity of 71.65%.
Multimodality Molecular Imaging – An Overview With Special Focus on PET/CTApollo Hospitals
Imaging capabilities have evolved from those that provide anatomical pictures to those that capture functional information and, more recently, molecular information (nuclear medicine, PET, SPECT, PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MRS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging). Multimodality imaging has emerged as a technology that utilizes the strengths of different modalities and yields a hybrid imaging platform with benefits superior to those of any of its individual components, considered alone. Leading edge hybrid imaging (combining multiple, complementary imaging technologies such as PET and CT) offer unique opportunities to “view” the molecular biology of disease, and the use of this equipment is on the rise.
Glioblastoma Multiforme Identification from Medical Imaging Using Computer Vi...ijscmcj
A tumor also known as neoplasm is a growth in the abnormal tissue which can be differentiated from the surrounding tissue by its structure. A tumor may lead to cancer, which is a major leading cause of death and responsible for around 13% of all deaths world-wide. Cancer incidence rate is growing at an alarming rate in the world. Great knowledge and experience on radiology are required for accurate tumor detection in medical imaging. Automation of tumor detection is required because there might be a shortage of skilled radiologists at a time of great need. We propose an automatic brain tumor detection and localization framework that can detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed brain tumor detection and localization framework comprises five steps: image acquisition, pre-processing, edge detection, modified histogram clustering and morphological operations. After morphological operations, tumors appear as pure white color on pure black backgrounds. We used 50 neuroimages to optimize our system and 100 out-of-sample neuroimages to test our system. The proposed tumor detection and localization system was found to be able to accurately detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The preliminary results demonstrate how a simple machine learning classifier with a set of simple image-based features can result in high classification accuracy. The preliminary results also demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our five-step brain tumor detection and localization approach and motivate us to extend this framework to detect and localize a variety of other types of tumors in other types of medical imagery.
Comparative analysis of edge based and region based active contour using leve...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis seen in aged or older populations. It is caused
because of a degeneration of articular cartilage, which functions as shock absorption cushion in knee joint. OA
also leads sliding of bones together, cause swelling, pain, eventually and loss of motion. Nowadays, magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) technique is widely used in the progression of osteoarthritis diagnosis due to the ability
to display the contrast between bone and cartilage. Usually, analysis of MRI image is done manually by a
physician which is very unpredictable, subjective and time consuming. Hence, there is need to develop automated
system to reduce the processing time. In this paper, a new automatic knee OA detection system based on feature
extraction and artificial neural network is developed. The different features viz GLCM texture, statistical, shape
etc. is extracted by using different image processing algorithms. This detection system consists of 4 stages, which
are pre-processing with ROI cropping, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification by neural network. This
technique results 98.5% of classification accuracy at training stage and 92% at testing stage.
Keywords — Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM),Knee
Joint, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Osteoarthritis(OA).
Comparison of radiomic features between metastatic lesions and degenerative l...Sin-di Lee
Bone scan is widely used in surveillance of bone metastases for patients with prostate cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference of the radiomic features based on Tc-99m MDP whole body bone scan in the metastatic bone lesions and degenerative change on vertebral bones.
Osteoporosis Detection Using Deep LearningIJMTST Journal
Osteoporosis is a bone disorder which occurs due to low bone mass, degradation of bone micro-architecture
and high susceptibility to fracture. It is a major health concern across the world, especially in elderly people.
Osteoporosis can cause spinal or hip fractures that may lead to socio-economic burden and high morbidity.
Therefore, there is a need for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis and predicting the presence of the fracture.
We introduce a Convolutional Neural Network model to effectively diagnose osteoporosis in bone radiography
data. Automated diagnosis from digital radiographs is very challenging since the scans of healthy and
osteoporotic subjects show little or no visual differences. In this paper, we have proposed a model to separate
healthy from osteoporotic subjects using high dimensional textural feature representations computed from
radiography images. CNN can help us bring the use of structural MRI measurements of bone quality into
clinical practice for the detection of Osteoporosis as it gives high accuracy.
A Review of Super Resolution and Tumor Detection Techniques in Medical Imagingijtsrd
Images with high resolution are desirable in many applications such as medical imaging, video surveillance, astronomy etc. In medical imaging, images are obtained for medical investigative purposes and for providing information about the anatomy, the physiologic and metabolic activities of the volume below the skin. Medical imaging is an important diagnosis instrument to determine the presence of certain diseases. Therefore increasing the image resolution should significantly improve the diagnosis ability for corrective treatment. Brain tumor detection is used for identifying the tumor present in the Brain. MRI images help the doctors for identifying the Brain tumor size and shape of the tumor. The purpose of this report to provide a survey of research related super resolution and tumor detection methods. Fathimath Safana C. K | Sherin Mary Kuriakose ""A Review of Super Resolution and Tumor Detection Techniques in Medical Imaging"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23525.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23525/a-review-of-super-resolution-and-tumor-detection-techniques-in-medical-imaging/fathimath-safana-c-k
Tumor Detection and Classification of MRI Brain Images using SVM and DNNijtsrd
The brain is one of the most complex organ in the human body that works with billions of cells. A cerebral tumor occurs when there is an uncontrolled division of cells that form an abnormal group of cells around or within the brain. This cell group can affect the normal functioning of brain activity and can destroy healthy cells. Brain tumors are classified as benign or low grade Grade 1 and 2 and malignant tumors or high grade Grade 3 and 4 . The proposed methodology aims to differentiate between normal brain and tumor brain Benign or Melign . The proposed method in this paper is automated framework for differentiate between normal brain and tumor brain. Then our method is used to predict the diseases accurately. Then these methods are used to predict the disease is affected or not by using a comparison method. These methodology are validated by a comprehensive set of comparison against competing and well established image registration methods, by using real medical data sets and classic measures typically employed as a benchmark by the medical imaging community our proposed method is mostly used in medical field. It is used to easily detect the diseases. We demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the preset framework throughout a comprehensive set of qualitative comparisons against several influential state of the art methods on various brain image databases. Sanmathi. R | Sujitha. K | Susmitha. G | Gnanasekaran. S ""Tumor Detection and Classification of MRI Brain Images using SVM and DNN"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30192.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/30192/tumor-detection-and-classification-of-mri-brain-images-using-svm-and-dnn/sanmathi-r
Today, computer aided system is widely used in various fields. Among them, the brain tumor detection is an important task in medical image processing. Early diagnosis of brain tumors plays an important role in improving treatment possibilities and increases the survival rate of the patients. Manual segmentation of brain tumors for cancer diagnosis, from large amount of Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI images generated in clinical routine, is a difficult and time consuming task or even generates errors. So, the automatic brain tumor segmentation is needed to segment tumor. The purpose of the thesis is to detect the brain tumor quickly and accurately from the MRI brain image. In the system, the average filter is used to remove noise and make smooth an input MRI image and threshold segmentation is applied to segment tumor region from MRI brain images. Region properties method is used to detect the tumor region exactly. And then, the equation of the tumor region in the system is effectively applied in any shape of the tumor region. Moe Moe Aye | Kyaw Kyaw Lin "Brain Tumor Detection System for MRI Image" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27864.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/27864/brain-tumor-detection-system-for-mri-image/moe-moe-aye
Segmentation and Classification of Brain MRI Images Using Improved Logismos-B...IJERA Editor
Automated reconstruction and diagnosis of brain MRI images is one of the most challenging problems in medical imaging. Accurate segmentation of MRI images is a key step in contouring during radiotherapy analysis. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are the most widely used radiographic techniques in diagnosis and treatment planning. Segmentation techniques used for the brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the methods used by the radiographer to detect any abnormality specifically in brain. The method also identifies important regions in brain such as white matter (WM), gray matter (GM) and cerebrospinal fluid spaces (CSF). These regions are significant for physician or radiographer to analyze and diagnose the disease. We propose a novel clustering algorithm, improved LOGISMOS-B to classify tissue regions based on probabilistic tissue classification, generalized gradient vector flows with cost and distance function. The LOGISMOS graph segmentation framework. Expand the framework to allow regionally-aware graph construction and segmentation.
One of the most dangerous disease occurring these days i.e. brain tumor can be detected by MRI images. Biomedical imaging and medical image processing that plays a vital role for MRI images has now become the most challenging field in engineering and technology. A detailed information about the anatomy can be showed through MRI images, that helps in monitoring the disease and is beneficial for the diagnosis as it consists of a high tissue contrast and have fewer artifacts. For tracking the disease and to proceed its treatment, MRI images plays a key role. It is having several advantages over other imaging techniques and is an important step for post-processing of medical images. However, having a large amount of data for manual analysis can sometimes proved to be an obstacle in the way of its effective use. In this paper, the introduction of image processing and the details of image segmentation techniques such as image preprocessing, feature extraction, image enhancement and classification of tumor processes, and how image segmentation can be applied to all Other available imaging modalities that are different from one another. This paper provides the survey on various methods used for image segmentation that have been applied for MRI images, that detects the tumor by segmenting the brain images into constituent parts. Also the advantages and disadvantages of Image segmentation is discussed using the various approaches of image segmentation of MRI brain images.
Detection of Prostate Cancer Using Radial/Axial Scanning of 2D Trans-rectal U...journalBEEI
The search for improvement in the result of segmentation of regions of interest in medical images has continued to be a source of challenge to researchers. Several research efforts have gone in to delineate regions of interest in the prostate gland from Trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) 2D-images. In this work, we develop a fast algorithm based on radial/axial scanning of the pixels of the prostate gland image with the goal of detecting hyper-echoic pixels that are bound within the boundaries of the gland TRUS 2D-images. The algorithm implements expert knowledge and utilizes the features extracted from the intensity of the TRUS images, primarily the relative intensity and gradient to delineate region of interest. It employs radial/axial scanning of the image from common seed point automatically selected to detect the region of the gland and subsequently hyper-echoic pixels which indicate suspected cancerous tissue cites. Evaluation of the algorithm performance was done by comparing detection result with that of expert radiologists. The detection algorithm gave an average accuracy of 88.55% and sensitivity of 71.65%.
Multimodality Molecular Imaging – An Overview With Special Focus on PET/CTApollo Hospitals
Imaging capabilities have evolved from those that provide anatomical pictures to those that capture functional information and, more recently, molecular information (nuclear medicine, PET, SPECT, PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MRS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging). Multimodality imaging has emerged as a technology that utilizes the strengths of different modalities and yields a hybrid imaging platform with benefits superior to those of any of its individual components, considered alone. Leading edge hybrid imaging (combining multiple, complementary imaging technologies such as PET and CT) offer unique opportunities to “view” the molecular biology of disease, and the use of this equipment is on the rise.
Glioblastoma Multiforme Identification from Medical Imaging Using Computer Vi...ijscmcj
A tumor also known as neoplasm is a growth in the abnormal tissue which can be differentiated from the surrounding tissue by its structure. A tumor may lead to cancer, which is a major leading cause of death and responsible for around 13% of all deaths world-wide. Cancer incidence rate is growing at an alarming rate in the world. Great knowledge and experience on radiology are required for accurate tumor detection in medical imaging. Automation of tumor detection is required because there might be a shortage of skilled radiologists at a time of great need. We propose an automatic brain tumor detection and localization framework that can detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed brain tumor detection and localization framework comprises five steps: image acquisition, pre-processing, edge detection, modified histogram clustering and morphological operations. After morphological operations, tumors appear as pure white color on pure black backgrounds. We used 50 neuroimages to optimize our system and 100 out-of-sample neuroimages to test our system. The proposed tumor detection and localization system was found to be able to accurately detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The preliminary results demonstrate how a simple machine learning classifier with a set of simple image-based features can result in high classification accuracy. The preliminary results also demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our five-step brain tumor detection and localization approach and motivate us to extend this framework to detect and localize a variety of other types of tumors in other types of medical imagery.
Comparative analysis of edge based and region based active contour using leve...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis seen in aged or older populations. It is caused
because of a degeneration of articular cartilage, which functions as shock absorption cushion in knee joint. OA
also leads sliding of bones together, cause swelling, pain, eventually and loss of motion. Nowadays, magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) technique is widely used in the progression of osteoarthritis diagnosis due to the ability
to display the contrast between bone and cartilage. Usually, analysis of MRI image is done manually by a
physician which is very unpredictable, subjective and time consuming. Hence, there is need to develop automated
system to reduce the processing time. In this paper, a new automatic knee OA detection system based on feature
extraction and artificial neural network is developed. The different features viz GLCM texture, statistical, shape
etc. is extracted by using different image processing algorithms. This detection system consists of 4 stages, which
are pre-processing with ROI cropping, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification by neural network. This
technique results 98.5% of classification accuracy at training stage and 92% at testing stage.
Keywords — Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM),Knee
Joint, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Osteoarthritis(OA).
Comparison of radiomic features between metastatic lesions and degenerative l...Sin-di Lee
Bone scan is widely used in surveillance of bone metastases for patients with prostate cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference of the radiomic features based on Tc-99m MDP whole body bone scan in the metastatic bone lesions and degenerative change on vertebral bones.
Osteoporosis Detection Using Deep LearningIJMTST Journal
Osteoporosis is a bone disorder which occurs due to low bone mass, degradation of bone micro-architecture
and high susceptibility to fracture. It is a major health concern across the world, especially in elderly people.
Osteoporosis can cause spinal or hip fractures that may lead to socio-economic burden and high morbidity.
Therefore, there is a need for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis and predicting the presence of the fracture.
We introduce a Convolutional Neural Network model to effectively diagnose osteoporosis in bone radiography
data. Automated diagnosis from digital radiographs is very challenging since the scans of healthy and
osteoporotic subjects show little or no visual differences. In this paper, we have proposed a model to separate
healthy from osteoporotic subjects using high dimensional textural feature representations computed from
radiography images. CNN can help us bring the use of structural MRI measurements of bone quality into
clinical practice for the detection of Osteoporosis as it gives high accuracy.
A Review of Super Resolution and Tumor Detection Techniques in Medical Imagingijtsrd
Images with high resolution are desirable in many applications such as medical imaging, video surveillance, astronomy etc. In medical imaging, images are obtained for medical investigative purposes and for providing information about the anatomy, the physiologic and metabolic activities of the volume below the skin. Medical imaging is an important diagnosis instrument to determine the presence of certain diseases. Therefore increasing the image resolution should significantly improve the diagnosis ability for corrective treatment. Brain tumor detection is used for identifying the tumor present in the Brain. MRI images help the doctors for identifying the Brain tumor size and shape of the tumor. The purpose of this report to provide a survey of research related super resolution and tumor detection methods. Fathimath Safana C. K | Sherin Mary Kuriakose ""A Review of Super Resolution and Tumor Detection Techniques in Medical Imaging"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23525.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23525/a-review-of-super-resolution-and-tumor-detection-techniques-in-medical-imaging/fathimath-safana-c-k
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
AUTOMATED SEGMENTATION OF FLUORESCENT AND FUNDS IMAGES BASED ON RETINAL BLOOD...acijjournal
ABSTRACT
Measurements of retinal blood vessel morphology have been shown to be related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The wrong identification of vessels may result in a large variation of these measurements, leading to a wrong clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we address the problem of automatically identifying true vessels as a post processing step to vascular structure segmentation. We model the segmented vascular structure as a vessel segment graph and formulate the problem of identifying vessels as one of finding the optimal forest in the graph given a set of constraints. We design a method to solve this optimization problem and evaluate it on a large real-world dataset of 2,446 retinal images. Experiment results are analyzed with respect to actual measurements of vessel morphology. The results show that the proposed approach is able to achieve 98.9% pixel precision and 98.7% recall of the true vessels for clean segmented retinal images, and remains robust even when the segmented image is noisy.
AUTOMATED SEGMENTATION OF FLUORESCENT AND FUNDS IMAGES BASED ON RETINAL BLOOD...acijjournal
Measurements of retinal blood vessel morphology have been shown to be related to the risk of
cardiovascular diseases. The wrong identification of vessels may result in a large variation of these
measurements, leading to a wrong clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we address the problem of
automatically identifying true vessels as a post processing step to vascular structure segmentation. We
model the segmented vascular structure as a vessel segment graph and formulate the problem of identifying
vessels as one of finding the optimal forest in the graph given a set of constraints. We design a method to
solve this optimization problem and evaluate it on a large real-world dataset of 2,446 retinal images.
Experiment results are analyzed with respect to actual measurements of vessel morphology. The results
show that the proposed approach is able to achieve 98.9% pixel precision and 98.7% recall of the true
vessels for clean segmented retinal images, and remains robust even when the segmented image is noisy.
Brain Image Fusion using DWT and Laplacian Pyramid Approach and Tumor Detecti...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Image fusion is the process of combining important information from two or more images into a single image. The resulting image will be more enhanced than any of the input pictures. The idea of combining multiple image modalities to furnish a single, more enhanced image is well established, special fusion methods have been proposed in literature. This paper is based on image fusion using laplacian pyramid and Discreet Wavelet Transform (DWT) methods. This system uses an easy and effective algorithm for multi-focus image fusion which uses fusion rules to create fused image. Subsequently, the fused image is obtained by applying inverse discreet wavelet transform. After fused image is obtained, watershed segmentation algorithm is applied to detect the tumor part in fused image.
During past few years, brain tumor segmentation in CT has become an emergent research area in the field of medical imaging system. Brain tumor detection helps in finding the exact size and location of tumor. An efficient algorithm is proposed in this project for tumor detection based on segmentation and morphological operators. Firstly quality of scanned image is enhanced and then morphological operators are applied to detect the tumor in the scanned image. The problem with biopsy is that the patient has to be hospitalized and also the results (around 15%) give false negative. Scan images are read by radiologist but it's a subjective analysis which requires more experience. In the proposed work we segment the renal region and then classify the tumors as benign or malignant by using ANFIS, which is a non-invasive automated process. This approach reduces the waiting time of the patient.
deep learning applications in medical image analysis brain tumorVenkat Projects
The tremendous success of machine learning algorithms at image recognition tasks in recent years intersects with a time of dramatically increased use of electronic medical records and diagnostic imaging. This review introduces the machine learning algorithms as applied to medical image analysis, focusing on convolutional neural networks, and emphasizing clinical aspects of the _eld. The advantage of machine learning in an era of medical big data is that signi_cant hierarchal relationships within the data can be discovered algorithmically without laborious hand-crafting of features. We cover key research areas and applications of medical image classi_cation, localization, detection, segmentation, and registration. We conclude by discussing research obstacles, emerging trends, and possible future directions.
Similar to Implementation of Medical Image Analysis using Image Processing Techniques (20)
Cosmetics are defined as “items with mild action on the human body for the purpose of cleaning, beautifying, adding to the attractiveness, altering the appearance, or keeping or promoting the skin or hair in good condition- while functional cosmetics, even if falling under the cosmetic definition, are designated as “items fulfilling specific actions like skin whitening, minimizing the appearance of lines in the face and body, protecting from the sun and sun tanning-. Ahiya Noor | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "Cosmetic Science: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45135.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45135/cosmetic-science-an-overview/ahiya-noor
Standardization and Formulations of Calotropis ProceraYogeshIJTSRD
Plants growing in arid regions have elicited increased attention, because the hostile environment, in which these plants survive, forces them to develop chemical protective systems through adaptation which is rarely found in vegetation of other ecosystems. Furthermore, many of the plants grow in areas, where the dependence on traditional, plant based medicines over industrially produced pharmaceuticals persists to this day. The two plants, Calotopris Procera giant milkweed, also named C. Persica and Calotropis gigantea crown ower , have been used widely in traditional medicine in North Africa, the Middle East, and South and South East Asia. This has led to extensive research on the chemical constituents of the plants. Both plants are known to be sources of cardenolides, and newer research has yielded a number of interesting cancer active constituents. In addition, extracts of both plants have remarkable nematocidal, molluscidal and insecticidal activities. In many regions, the wood of Calotropis plants has been used as a building material and as a source of fuel. In addition, certain parts of the plants have been used as feed for livestock. In other regions, Calotropis plants are seen as invasive species that threaten local plant life and that due to their toxicity also pose a threat to grazing eld animals. Jaffar Khan | Pankaj Chasta | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "Standardization and Formulations of Calotropis Procera" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45145.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45145/standardization-and-formulations-of-calotropis-procera/jaffar-khan
Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of ParalysisYogeshIJTSRD
Paralysis is a complete loss of motor power in any muscle group. When paralysis affects all four extremities, it is called quadriplegia when it affects only the lower extremities, paraplegia and when it affects the extremities on one side of the body, hemiplegic. For this reason, the term paralysis is generally reserved for more focal, less stereotyped weakness, for instance, affecting all the muscles innervated by a peripheral nerve. Many different anatomical lesions and etiologies can cause paralysis and determine its treatment. Bikash Debsingha | Dr. Gourav Kr. Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Paralysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45108.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacology-/45108/review-of-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-paralysis/bikash-debsingha
Comparative Analysis of Forced Draft Cooling Tower Using Two Design Methods A...YogeshIJTSRD
Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere which results in cooling of the remainder water. The current research reviews various studies conducted on cooling tower using experimental and numerical techniques. Different design configuration and operating conditions on cooling towers are evaluated by various researchers. Significant findings from researches have shown new and improved design of cooling tower with much better performance as compared to conventional design. Neetish Kumar Sao | Dr. Surendra K. Dwivedi "Comparative Analysis of Forced Draft Cooling Tower Using Two Design Methods: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45100.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/45100/comparative-analysis-of-forced-draft-cooling-tower-using-two-design-methods-a-review/neetish-kumar-sao
Criminology Educators Triumphs and StrugglesYogeshIJTSRD
This research study is geared on determining the triumphs and struggles of criminology educators. Included on the aim is to know their experiences and story being considered as teacher by accident. A qualitative research design was applied in this study. Researchers conducted a personal interview with the respondents with the aid of a guide questions which all points to main issue of this study. The findings of the study revealed that out of seven respondents, four are on the age bracket of 21 to 25 years old, two respondents are on the age bracket of 26 to 30 years old and a single respondent is on the age bracket of 36 to 40 years. Most of the respondents find enthusiasm in teaching and are aware that there is a need for them to proceed in post graduate studies for them to have a considerable salary. As to financial stability, only 1out of 7 considers herself as financially stable. The rest are saying that as of the moment, they are not yet financially stable basing on the rate of their salary. Qualification matters a lot in the field of academe because this was being shared by one of the respondents who considers herself as financially stable. Also, all of the respondents do not consider teaching as their first career of choice but most of them does not have any plan of shifting to another career. Girlie N. Cañete | Harry Santiago P. Achas | Pamela N. Cañete "Criminology Educators: Triumphs and Struggles" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45082.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/45082/criminology-educators-triumphs-and-struggles/girlie-n-cañete
A Review Herbal Drugs Used in Skin DisorderYogeshIJTSRD
The human bodys skin is an organ that allows it to interact with the environment while also shielding it from harmful external influences. People of all ages suffer from skin diseases all over the world. Its vital to keep your skin in good form for a healthy physique. Plants have been employed in some form or another since the beginning of time. This research has highlighted some prevalent skin disease issues, as well as the herbals utilized in disease therapy and the various formulations accessible in the pharmaceutical industry. Some medicinal plants have been shown to be quite effective in removing or reducing skin infection disorders. Chandramita Borah | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "A Review: Herbal Drugs Used in Skin Disorder" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45118.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45118/a-review-herbal-drugs-used-in-skin-disorder/chandramita-borah
Automatic Query Expansion Using Word Embedding Based on Fuzzy Graph Connectiv...YogeshIJTSRD
The aim of information retrieval systems is to retrieve relevant information according to the query provided. The queries are often vague and uncertain. Thus, to improve the system, we propose an Automatic Query Expansion technique, to expand the query by adding new terms to the user s initial query so as to minimize query mismatch and thereby improving retrieval performance. Most of the existing techniques for expanding queries do not take into account the degree of semantic relationship among words. In this paper, the query is expanded by exploring terms which are semantically similar to the initial query terms as well as considering the degree of relationship, that is, “fuzzy membership- between them. The terms which seemed most relevant are used in expanded query and improve the information retrieval process. The experiments conducted on the queries set show that the proposed Automatic query expansion approach gave a higher precision, recall, and F measure then non fuzzy edge weights. Tarun Goyal | Ms. Shalini Bhadola | Ms. Kirti Bhatia "Automatic Query Expansion Using Word Embedding Based on Fuzzy Graph Connectivity Measures" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45074.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/45074/automatic-query-expansion-using-word-embedding-based-on-fuzzy-graph-connectivity-measures/tarun-goyal
A New Proposal for Smartphone Based Drowsiness Detection and Warning System f...YogeshIJTSRD
This paper proposes a Smartphone based system for the detection of drowsiness in automotive drivers. The proposed system uses three stage drowsiness detection technique. The first stage uses the percentage of eyelid closure PERCLOS which is obtained by capturing images with the front camera of the Smartphone with a modified eye state classification method. The system uses near infrared lighting for illuminating the face of the driver during night driving. The second step uses the voiced to the unvoiced ratio VUR obtained from the speech data from the microphone, in the event PERCLOS crosses the threshold. The VUR is also compared with a threshold and if it is a value greater than that of the threshold, it moves on to the next verification stage. In the final verification stage, touch response is required within the stipulated time to declare whether the driver is drowsy or not and subsequently sound an alarm. To awake the driver, a vibrating mechanism is done and also the live GPS location is also sent to an emergency contact. We have studied eight other reference papers for the literature review. The system has three advantages over existing drowsiness detection systems. First, the three stage verification process makes the system more reliable. The second advantage is its implementation on an Android smart phone, which is readily available to most drivers or cab owners as compared to other general purpose embedded platforms. The third advantage is the use of SMS service to inform the control room as well as the passenger regarding the loss of attention of the driver. Abishek K Biju | Godwin Jolly | Asif Mohammed C A | Dr. Paul P Mathai | Derek Joseph "A New Proposal for Smartphone-Based Drowsiness Detection and Warning System for Automotive Drivers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45083.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/45083/a-new-proposal-for-smartphonebased-drowsiness-detection-and-warning-system-for-automotive-drivers/abishek-k-biju
Data Security by AES Advanced Encryption StandardYogeshIJTSRD
Now a days with the rapid development of multimedia technologies, research on safety and security are becoming more important. Multimedia data are generated and transmitted through the communication channels and the wireless media. The efficiencies of encryption based on different existing algorithms are not up to the satisfactory limit. Hence researchers are trying to modify the existing algorithm or even develop new algorithms that help to increase security with a little encryption time. Here in this paper, we have furnished a new technology to modify the AES algorithm which gives more security with a little encryption time and which can be used to encrypt using 128 bit key. Theoretical analysis on the proposed algorithm with the existing reveals the novelty of our work. Here we have proposed a technique to randomize the key and hidden the key data into an encrypted digital image using the basics concept of cryptography and also using the concept of digital watermarking, the concept of key hide has also been encrypted. We have also proposed a new technique to reposition the pixels to break the correlation between them. So, the proposed scheme offers a more secure and cost effective mechanism for encryption. Next on the AES criteria list good performance. Widespread market adoption will require reasonably good performance on a variety of platforms, ranging from easy tocrack smart cards to the largest servers. Good algorithm performance includes speed for the encryption and decryption process as well as the key schedule. Prateek Goyal | Ms. Shalini Bhadola | Ms. Kirti Bhatia "Data Security by AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45073.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/45073/data-security-by-aes-advanced-encryption-standard/prateek-goyal
Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of Phyllantus NiruriYogeshIJTSRD
Theorigin of Phyllanthus niruri is tropical America from there it spread as a weed to other tropic and sub tropics. It is a tropical annual herb shrub which grows as weed in moist humid waste land. Phyllanthus niruri is among more than 500 Phyllanthus species that are widely spread in temperate and tropical climates region Lizuka et al., 2007. It grows 30 40 cm in height, has small leaves and yellow flowers the stem has green capsule, and blooms with flowers with 5 white sepals and apical acute anther.38g of Mueller Hinton Agar was dissolved in 1000ml distilled water in a conical flask, the mouth of the conical flask was plugged with cotton woo wrapped in aluminium foil. This was sterilized in an autoclave at 121oC for 15mns. The media was removed and allowed to cool to 45oC, later poured into a sterilized plastic petri plates which were appropriately labeled. The present study revealed the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of phyllanthus niruri. The antimicrobial activity of phyllanthus niruri shows great significant against pathogens which are responsible for common infections of skin, respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. The phytochemical screening of oxalate, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, quinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and steroids were all found to be active within the plant. This bioactive phytochemicals present in P. niruri can be useful for further researches on the plant P. nururi since the phytochemicals have shown preclinical efficacies for treating human diseases’ which include hepatitis and HIV AIDS. This work has compiled the chemical constituents present and can be useful for further researches Dr. Mohammed Musa Lawan | Yusuf Sale Baba "Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of Phyllantus Niruri" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44948.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/44948/antimicrobial-and-phytochemical-screening-of-phyllantus-niruri/dr-mohammed-musa-lawan
There is a need for temperature drop in a buried pipeline based on the media and process. Need of some methodology and design requirement for a set of conditions by reducing pipeline surface temperature and the temperature drops to atmospheric temperature at a particular distance of pipeline. Based on the conduction principle, desire reduction up to atmospheric temperature can be possible. Let us understand by below methods and design of Heat sink for buried pipe line. Natvarbhai Prabhudas Gajjar "Heat Sink for Underground Pipe Line" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45117.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45117/heat-sink-for-underground-pipe-line/natvarbhai-prabhudas-gajjar
Newly Proposed Multi Channel Fiber Optic Cable CoreYogeshIJTSRD
Fiber optic cables have single core and multiple core options, but single and multiple core fiber cable -˜s core design need to be updated. Newly proposed design gives facilities to multiple usage than traditional design of cable core. Cable core design needs improvement by using present technology for decreasing material and cost and by improving efficiency of cable. Research need to be carried out in this direction. What do you think Natvarbhai Prabhudas Gajjar "Newly Proposed Multi Channel Fiber-Optic Cable Core" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45116.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45116/newly-proposed-multi-channel-fiberoptic-cable-core/natvarbhai-prabhudas-gajjar
Security Sector Reform toward Professionalism of Military and PoliceYogeshIJTSRD
The need to understand and at the same time give prescriptions for the direction of security reform in Third world countries after the end of World War II has prompted the emergence of a big project called the study of security reform SSR . Within this framework emerge various theories and strategies for security reform, with various variations, including ideological variations that underlie these theories. The reform of the structural aspect is a reform of the institutional and structure of an institution, the instrumental reform includes the reform of the system, laws and regulations, while the reform of the cultural aspect is a reform of the habits or organizational culture in institutions in general and in particular the Timor Leste’s security institutions, both military and police. Arquimino Ramos "Security Sector Reform toward Professionalism of Military and Police" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45061.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/45061/security-sector-reform-toward-professionalism-of-military-and-police/arquimino-ramos
Stress An Undetachable Condition of LifeYogeshIJTSRD
Stressful life events affects human body, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and effect metabolism and immune system. Recent studies showed increase in stress levels in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the stress levels in MBBS students. The objectives of the study are a To determine the current stress level, b To assess relation between stress level and lifestyle of college students. The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State. A total of 400 medical students were included in the study, which were selected using multi stage sampling aged between 18 years to 25 years. Students were questioned regarding their socioeconomic and life style parameters. The results showed that physical activity such as walking, exercise, yoga, meditation etc. were associated to stress levels. College students showed high stress levels with more satisfaction were mostly smokers. Their major reason for eating junk food and smoking was, increase in stress. Conclusion Majority of students suffered from moderate stress levels. Despite of having stress they were happy and satisfied with life with less no internet addiction. Spirituality and stress scales had a positive correlation as most of the students were averagely highly spiritual. Discriminant function can be used to determine the stress level of a person using age, BMI, internet addiction, spirituality, happiness scale and life satisfaction scale of that person. Jayshree N. Tolani | Dr. Nitinkumar D. Shah "Stress: An Undetachable Condition of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45054.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45054/stress-an-undetachable-condition-of-life/jayshree-n-tolani
Comparative Studies of Diabetes in Adult Nigerians Lipid Profile and Antioxid...YogeshIJTSRD
The study sought to determine the extent to which the usage of social media in the marketing of agricultural products in South West Nigeria can enhance farmers turnover. It employed the survey research design to collect data with the help of a structured questionnaire to elicit information from respondents selected from six 6 south western states. Research data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that the use of social media WhatsApp and Facebook in marketing of agricultural products significantly enhances farmers turnover. The managerial implication is that use of Whatsapp and Facebook in the marketing of agricultural products for the enhancement of farmers’ turnover was found to have significant influence on the enhancement in farmers’ turnover from agricultural products. Policy makers in government should provide the enabling environment for the telecommunication companies to enhance their reach by installing their facilities across the length and breadth of the country so that the network coverage will be strong at all times so that the benefits of social media usage will not be constrained. Egejuru, Leonard O | Akubugwo, Emmanuel I | Ugorji, Beatrice N "Comparative Studies of Diabetes in Adult Nigerians: Lipid Profile and Antioxidants Vitamins (A and C)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45021.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biochemistry/45021/comparative-studies-of-diabetes-in-adult-nigerians-lipid-profile-and-antioxidants-vitamins-a-and-c/egejuru-leonard-o
To Assess the Severity and Mortality among Covid 19 Patients after Having Vac...YogeshIJTSRD
The severity and mortality of COVID 19 cases has been associated with the Three category such as vaccination status, severity of disease and outcome. Objective presently study was aimed to assess the severity and mortality among covid 19 patients. Methods Using simple lottery random method 100 samples were selected. From these 100 patients, 50 patients were randomly assigned to case group and 50 patients in control group after informed consents of relative obtained. Patients in the case group who being died after got COVID 19 whereas 50 patients in the control group participated who were survive after got infected from COVID 19 patients. Result It has three categories such as a Vaccination status For the vaccination status we have seen 59 patients were not vaccinated and 41 patients was vaccinated out of 100. b Incidence There were 41 patients were vaccinated whereas 59 patients were not vaccinated. c Severity In the case of mortality we selected 50 patients who were died from the Corona and I got to know that out of 50 patients there were 12 24 patients were vaccinated whereas 38 76 patients were non vaccinated. Although for the 50 control survival group total 29 58 patients were vaccinated and 21 42 patients was not vaccinated all graph start. Conclusion we have find out that those people who got vaccinated were less infected and mortality rate very low. Prof. (Dr) Binod Kumar Singh | Dr. Saroj Kumar | Ms. Anuradha Sharma "To Assess the Severity and Mortality among Covid-19 Patients after Having Vaccinated: A Retrospective Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45065.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45065/to-assess-the-severity-and-mortality-among-covid19-patients-after-having-vaccinated-a-retrospective-study/prof-dr-binod-kumar-singh
Novel Drug Delivery System An OverviewYogeshIJTSRD
In present scenario evolution of an existing drug molecule from a old form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, safety and efficacy. In the form of a control drug delivery system an existing drug molecule can get a new life. An appropriately designed Novel Drug Delivery System can be a major advance for solving the problems related towards the release of the drug at specific site with specific rate. The porpuse for delivering drugs to patients efficiently and with fewer side effects has prompted pharmaceutical companies to engage in the development of new drug delivery system. This article covers the basic information regarding Novel Drug Delivery Systems and also advantages, factor etc. Chiranjit Barman | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45068.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/novel-drug-delivery-sys/45068/novel-drug-delivery-system-an-overview/chiranjit-barman
With the growth of technology their grows threat to our data which is just secured by passwords so to make it more secure biometrics came into existence. As biometric systems are adopted and accepted for security purpose for various information and security systems. Hence it is immune to attacks. This paper deals with the security of biometric details of individuals. In this paper we will be discussing about biometrics and its types and the threats and security issues which is not talked about usually. The different technologies evolved and had contributed to biometrics in long run and their effects. Sushmita Raulo | Saurabh Gawade "Security Issues Related to Biometrics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44951.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/44951/security-issues-related-to-biometrics/sushmita-raulo
Comparative Analysis of Different Numerical Methods for the Solution of Initi...YogeshIJTSRD
A mathematical equation which involves a function and its derivatives is called a differential equation. We consider a real life situation, from this form a mathematical model, solve that model using some mathematical concepts and take interpretation of solution. It is a well known and popular concept in mathematics because of its massive application in real world problems. Differential equations are one of the most important mathematical tools used in modeling problems in Physics, Biology, Economics, Chemistry, Engineering and medical Sciences. Differential equation can describe many situations viz exponential growth and de cay, the population growth of species, the change in investment return over time. We can solve differential equations using classical as well as numerical methods, In this paper we compare numerical methods of solving initial valued first order ordinary differential equations namely Euler method, Improved Euler method, Runge Kutta method and their accuracy level. We use here Scilab Software to obtain direct solution for these methods. Vibahvari Tukaram Dhokrat "Comparative Analysis of Different Numerical Methods for the Solution of Initial Value Problems in First Order Ordinary Differential Equations" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45066.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/45066/comparative-analysis-of-different-numerical-methods-for-the-solution-of-initial-value-problems-in-first-order-ordinary-differential-equations/vibahvari-tukaram-dhokrat
Evaluation of Different Paving Mixes Using Optimum Stabilizing ContentYogeshIJTSRD
Bituminous mixes are most commonly used all over the world in flexible pavement construction. It consists of asphalt or bitumen used as a binder and mineral aggregate which are mixed together, laid down in layers and then compacted. Under normal circumstances, conventional bituminous pavements if designed and executed properly perform quite satisfactorily but the performance of bituminous mixes is very poor under various situations. Today’s asphaltic concrete pavements are expected to perform better as they are experiencing increased volume of traffic, increased loads and increased variations in daily or seasonal temperature over what has been experienced in the past. In addition, the performance of bituminous pavements is found to be very poor in moisture induced situations. Considering this a lot of work has been done on use of additives in bituminous mixtures and as well as on modification of bitumen. Research has indicated that the addition of polymers to asphalt binders helps to increase the interfacial cohesiveness of the bond between the aggregate and the binder which can enhance many properties of the asphalt pavements to help meet these increased demands. However, the additive that is to be used for modification of mix or binder should satisfy both the strength requirements as well as economical aspects. Naveen Kumar | Ms. Shivani "Evaluation of Different Paving Mixes Using Optimum Stabilizing Content" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45089.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/45089/evaluation-of-different-paving-mixes-using-optimum-stabilizing-content/naveen-kumar
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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2. Related work
Malignant growth is the angriest infection, since forecast or
the recognition assumes a significant part and furthermore
identifying its right stage is more significant for the advisors
to treat the patient in a productive way. Be that as it may, a
few procedures accessible at present survey for the location
of tumor.
This section will examine about the different existing
strategies for the recognition of disease, which incorporates
the ideas and different spaces identified with the
demonstrative methods. These spaces are ordered as
Image processing”
Artificial intelligence
2.1. Survey on existing method in bone cancer
Diagnosis”
The huge explanation behind the death of sickness all
through the world is a direct result of gauge level before the
metastatic stage. Rashes and scratched spots happen by and
large the organs of the human body like chest, lung, prostate
and kidney and this incorporates 80%, things being what
they are, to bone. About 1.04 million new clinical records of
cell breakdown in the lungs were found during 1990 from
the appraisal assessment data (Shetty et al. 2005). Bone
yield shows the possible evidence of bone metastasis and it
was suggested that bone checking with 99m
monodiphosphate recognized early bone metastasis a few
cases with bronchogenic carcinoma before these wounds
avoided clinically or radio graphically (Kim et al. 1984).
3. METHODOLOGY
The different picture preparing procedures that are
associated with the finding and recognition of irregularities
in the bone MRI pictures are clarified beneath alongside the
wavelet strategies that are likewise included.
Figure-1 The proposed system of schematic block
diagram representing the image denoising using
wavelet transform
In our proposed framework, the info picture was taken as a
loud picture and changed into different levels with the
assistance of the wavelet change. At last,thechangedpicture
is changed over into a commotion free picture by using visu
contract limit.
Figure-2 Decomposition Process
From the yield of wavelet change strategy, we got a handle
on that the astoundingly deficient with regards to picture
was tending to in the gauge oftumor.Inthiscorrespondence,
wavelet tally was a helpful contraption for signal preparing
and it comparably shows a skilled portrayal of pictures. The
picture preparing methodologies have made a momentous
premium on the grounds toallowexpansivescopecertifiable
appraisal despitestandard eyescreeningassessmentand are
used as a piece of the two zones of the pathology: cytology
and histology.
Two dimensional (2D) Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D
DWT) is used as a piece of picture planning as an ablegadget
revealing to picture examination, denoising, picturedivision
and other. 2D DWT can be connected as a convolution of a
picked wavelet limit with a stand-apart picture or it very
well may be viewed as a course of action of two
developments of channels, line and segment one. Using a
particular property of DWT, the fundamental piece of rot
fuses a usage of area channels to the key picture. The
segment channels are used for additional treatment of
pictures occurring by prudence of the basic development.
This picture separating down measure appeared in figure
3.4can be likely depicted by the going with Equation,
Where Z addresses the figure of definite grid of wavelet
coefficients, I represents the first picture and X addresses a
network in line channels and Y addresses a lattice in
segment channels.
The data of the recurrent substance of the sign at a specific
depiction of time or spatial region can be shown by the
Wavelet Transform. Fixed wavelet change is utilized for
segragating the picture into various subband pictures, The
picture is splitted into various bit in the recurrent bundles
called subbands. The subbands are tended to as LL, LH, HL
and HH. The edge data of information picture is contained in
the high-rehash part of the subband and LL subband
contains the reasonable data about the picture. Upsampling
of The coefficients will be upsampled by a factor 2 after each
line and region crumbling correspondence to make whine
free portrayal of edge subtleties.
Figure-3 Decomposition up to the second level scheme
Considering its less necessities of assessments, the Haar
change has been for the most part utilizedforpicturedealing
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with stage in model certification. This factor makes the two
dimensional sign managing as a proficient applicationszone
of Harr changes by virtue of their wavelet-liketurnof events.
The chief picture was set up to wavelet change appraisal,
appeared in the Fig-4
Figure-4 Proposed Schematic Representation of
Decomposition Process
Haar wavelet is a bipolar step function.Themajoradvantage
of using Haar wavelet is that it is a discontinuous function of
time and it has better localization property in terms of time
and frequency. Multi focus image fusion is performed with
pixel level fusion rule called maximum method. The low
frequency subband coefficients are fused by selecting
coefficient having maximum spatial frequency. It indicates
the overall active level of an image. The high frequency
subband coefficients are fused by selecting coefficients
having maximum LDP code value.
4. Effect Of Threshold In Bone Cancer Diagnosis
The MRI Scan Image taken from Apollo clinical facility
informational index, as the image is a critical device for
diagnosing the tumor and for future treatment. To get an
ideal picture pre-planning activity is basic. As the figurings
were used to take out the clatter, regardless, it is an irksome
task to finally convey the ideal picturefor estimateoftumors
and treatment. The previous methods which used by and
large killed the uproar and made the cloudiness image. To
get the ideal denoising picture we have introduced the
wavelet figuring, for picture pressure anddenoising.We had
performed wavelet edge for signal appraisal framework
which finally used for denoising.
By utilizing the hard edge, coefficients that are slighter than
the limit are dissipated and others are kept unaltered. As a
comparable way the fragile edgewasperformed,coefficients
whose value is over the edge altogether a motivator as
exhibited in fig 4.1 The sensitive edge made a tremendous
engraving, at any rate wonderful disturbance passes the
hard threshold and shows the troubling blips in the last
yield, which may incite misidentification by the counsels as
shown in Figure-5
The hard thresholding may appear, apparently,to be normal
from the beginning sight, the understand ability of soft
thresholding two or three central focuses. It makes
assessments tentatively more reasonable. Moreover, hard
thresholding couldn't be finished a few tallies. Once in a
while, impeccable upheaval coefficients may outperform as
far as possible and show up as irritating 'blips' in the yield.
Fragile thresholding counselors these false plans. Visu
Shrink utilizes an edge regard that is identifying with the
standard deviation of the unfortunate upheaval partpresent
in the structure and moreover takes after as far as possible
principle.
Figure-5 Soft thresholding
Fig 6 Hard thresholding
The first pictures, gotten by limit determination by VISU
recoil an appeared as fig 6 The denoisedpictureatlevel 5got
by wavelet coefficients thresholding utilizing fixed HARD
edge as demonstrated in fig 4.4 and the histogram of unique
and denoised picture performed byHARDedgeandunscaled
repetitive sound addressed in fig 4.5. Also, SOFT edge was
performed to get.
Additionally, wavelet tasks are developed, changed and
expanded releases of a continuous capacity φ, called as the
mother wavelet. Not at all like the DFT, the DWT, indeed, is
related to a specific change, yet fairly set of individual
changes, each with a recognized arrangement of wavelet
premise tasks. Two among the fundamental far and wide
activities are the Haar wavelets and the Daubechies set of
wavelets. Here, we won't research about the subtleties of
manners by which these wavelets were inferred;
nonetheless, it gets fundamental for make a note of the
significant properties that are referenced beneath:
The components of the Wavelets are spatially confined
to a little zone
Wavelet exercises are enlarged, changed and expanded
arrivals of an all over mother wavelet
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An even course of action of key limits is set up by every
limit of the wavelet instructive list
Figure-7 Image Denoising Using Wavelet Transform
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The wavelet computations were used forsignal planning,for
instance, picture pressing factor, rot and departure of
unfortunate uproar. The wavelets show an ideal proficient
depiction of pictures, which isolates an image into sub
gatherings – surmise, even, vertical and topsy-turvey
evaluation. We have proposed the wavelet based picture
brokenness and assessmentforbone picturestoseethreat.A
free level disintegrating in putting the two relating low and
high pass channel which gives the point of convergence
coefficients and to find the bone tumor toward the starting
stage.
From our methodology on the MRI inspect bone picture,
wavelets based picture were used to assessment the
multiscale level to relate the MRI yield picture. The MRI
image of bone and its changed over into low pass channel
and high pass channel utilizing 5 level wavelet rot. By then
close evaluation coefficient into nothing and other
fundamental part will be expelled from the picture. By then
with the abundance wavelet and picture wasimitatedfinally
get with close appraisal coefficient.Presentlynewcoefficient
and with inconspicuous co-powerful we had got another
coefficient. This new coefficient was changed over into pre-
arranged picture by utilizing waveletmultiplication, whichis
tended to in fig 5.1
We executed a fixed construction with fragile and hard edge
with various coefficients (I. e. scaled and unscaled with
monotonous sound, foundationcommotion).Visudraw back
breaking point is used for surveying edge.
Figure-9 Different process involved in the detection of
tumor
Finally, wavelets give consistent and productiveportrayal of
pictures. In our investigation we have used MRI yield bone
picture for the examination. Principally step bone picture is
rotted using wavelet limits and a while later a game plan of
coefficients isolated from each deterioration level. Thus the
yield of the low-pass channel gives the estimation
coefficients, while the high pass channel givesthefocal point
coefficient.
6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
As a last development to recognize the presence of tumor,
Artificial Intelligence(AI) was used. This man-made
awareness is similarly called as Genetic Algorithm (GA). GA
is used as a journey based instrument to find the ideal
response for the unmistakable proofofbonesickness.Itisan
AI association and used to find the ideal or close ideal
responses for the given issue. There aretwosignificantsteps
to start a general population in a GA, sporadic instatement
and heuristic presentation. In subjective technique, it holds
up the general population to optimality and heuristic
approach to manage give the individual wellbeing of the
general population, yet at last, it is theblendofthecoursesof
action which offers rise to optimality.
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