Community development process start from studying about the community and its issues. This slides help you in developing a plan in identifying issues

1. Developing a Plan for
Identifying Issues
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

2. Why should we identify Issues?
 To understand the environment.
 To understand public opinion.
 To make decisions about
priorities.
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

3. Who benefits from identifying
issues,?
 Those experiencing the problem.
 Service providers.
 Community leaders.
 And you!
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

4. Issues - A phenomenon that follows and is caused
by some previous phenomenon.
Problem – is a difference between what is and what
might or should be. The cause may be within or
outside of the group
environment
They occur on different levels of severity
What is an issue and a problem?
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

5.  Inter linkages and it cycle - Drainage-
Mosquito- Malaria
 Social issues – A social issue refers to
an issue that influences and is
opposed by a considerable number of
individuals within a society. It is often
the consequence of factors extending
beyond an individual's control and
local geographical
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

6. Examples of Community
Problems Arson
 Child abuse
 Crime
 Transportation
 Drugs
 Elder care
 Racism
 Ethnic conflict
 Health
 Housing
 Hunger
 Inequality
 Jobs
 Noise
 Overwork
 Poverty
 Sexism
 Teenage pregnancy
 Domestic violence
 Vandalism
 Graffiti
 Safety
 Emergency services
 Schools

7. Precondition in identifying
issue
 SHGs & CBO Should be strong
 Leadership should be strong
 We feeling -Togetherness in the issue
 People anger and discomfort
 Deprivation/ Neediness of the
community
 Social consciousness
 Critical conditions
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

8. Tools in identifying issues
 Focus group discussion
 Interview
 Baseline survey
 Geographical data& secondary data
 Livelihood mapping
 Gender analysis,
 Brainstorming
 Problem tree
 (NOPS) needs, opportunities, problems
and solutions
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9. How to identify issue
 Skit
 Manifestation…….
 What is root cause?
Remember
We are social doctors and social
scientist
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

10. Methods in prioritizing the
issue Subject analysis – I
 Objective analysis – we
 Inductive method
 Deductive method
 Most marginalized community – Social
justice lens
 One village will have 50 issue
 Predominant issue – that affects all 70%
 Community readiness and we should not
force in identifying the issue
 We can play facilitative role
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11. Preparation in addressing the
issue
 Approach the leader
 Build rapport
 Get his/her support in mobilizing the community
 Mobilize the community/group
 Organize FGD / any kind of tools
 Identify the issue
 Prioritize the issue
 Sensitize the community towards issue
 Bring togetherness to react against the issue
 Design approach to bring solution- writing petition,
where/when/whom to submit it ….
 Follow up
 If no proper result, evaluate the process and change the
strategy
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12.  Let us discuss briefly on, one of the
most efficient tool which helps in
identifying the community issues
FOCUS group discussion
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13. Conducting Focus
Groups
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14. What is a focus group?
A focus group is a small group discussion guided by a trained
leader, used to learn more about opinions on a designated
topic, and then guide future action.
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

15. How are focus groups different
from regular “groups”?
 They are focused on a specific topic.
 They have a trained facilitator.
 Members of the group are encouraged
to talk openly about their opinions and
respond to other members.
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

16. When should you use a focus
group?
 When considering introducing a new
program or service.
 When the main concern is depth or
shading of opinion.
 When you want to ask questions that
can’t easily be asked or answered in
a written survey.
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

17. How to Conduct a Focus
Group:
Before the meeting:
• Recheck your goals
• Consider other methods
• Find a good leader
• Find a recorder
• Decide who should be invited
• Decide about incentives
 Decide on the meeting particulars.
 Prepare your questions.
 Recruit your members.
 Review the arrangements.
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18. How to Conduct a Focus
Group:
When the group meets:
 Thank people for coming.
 Review the group's purpose and goals.
 Explain how the meeting will proceed and how members
can contribute.
 Set the tone by asking an opening question and making
sure all opinions on that question are heard.
 Ask further questions in the same general manner.
 When all your questions have been asked, ask if anyone
has any other comments to make.
 Tell the group about any next steps that will occur and what
they can expect to happen now.
 Thank the group for coming!
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam

19. How to Conduct a Focus
Group:
After the meeting meets:
 Make a transcript or written summary of
the meeting.
 Examine the data for patterns, themes,
new questions, and conclusions.
 Share the results with the group.
 Use the results.
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20. Individual exercise
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Village
/Cluster
name
Common issues Select one issue Who will be
involved in
addressing
the issue
Action plan Expected result Role of
CO
1.
2.
1. 1.
2.
1.
2.
3.

21. Thank you
1/21/2015 Amutha Pannerselvam