This case report describes a pregnancy complicated by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) where intrauterine intracranial hemorrhage was diagnosed in the third trimester, resulting in fetal hydrocephalus. A 34-year-old woman with a history of ITP was found to have a fetal intracerebral hemorrhage at 33 weeks of gestation. By 37 weeks, fetal hydrocephalus had developed. The baby girl was delivered by cesarean section and had severe thrombocytopenia and hydrocephalus at birth, along with evidence of ischemic brain changes. While the baby received treatment, neurologic delays developed, though she survived with ongoing care. The case presents
Intra-Fetal Laser Ablation of Umbilical Vessels in Acardiac Twin with Success...Apollo Hospitals
To interrupt blood supply to the acardiac twin in a case of TRAP sequence of monochorionic diamniotic multiple pregnancy to allow for continuation of the normal twin.
Intra-Fetal Laser Ablation of Umbilical Vessels in Acardiac Twin with Success...Apollo Hospitals
To interrupt blood supply to the acardiac twin in a case of TRAP sequence of monochorionic diamniotic multiple pregnancy to allow for continuation of the normal twin.
review the evidence (RCT & meta-analyses) concerning the best practices in contemporary Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Thrombophilia depending on Eshre guideline 2017 and other EBM sources.
Intra Cranial Stem Cell Transplant For Npc.Ppt 2Duriya Lakdawala
Finding a treatment for Niemann Pick Type C will provide hope not only to Aaditya Ravi Dasgupta and Tasneem Tankiwala in India but to many others like Addi and Cassi Hempel, Gabrielle Laverde and Peyton and Kayla Hadley in US, Husein Taher in Tanzania, South Africa, Roy Green in UK and so many more kids, teens and adults all over the world and in India that have not been diagnosed yet due to the cost and complexity of the diagnostic process. You can leave a wish for Aaditya (http://addiandcassi.com/guestbook) or for more information go to: www.HopeforAaditya.org
peripartum cardiomyopathy is an idiopathic cardiomyopathy
data is taken from most recent guidelines
local incidence of disease is also included
a brief history of this disease is also included
a proper mangement plan based on most recent guidelines is also given
prognosis clearly stated
balanced slides, easily readable
recurrent miscarriage is a real clinical problem with different aetioogies. However, recent observations pointed to vascular dysfunction as a main underlying factor: how ? this talk may help in illustrating this
review the evidence (RCT & meta-analyses) concerning the best practices in contemporary Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Thrombophilia depending on Eshre guideline 2017 and other EBM sources.
Intra Cranial Stem Cell Transplant For Npc.Ppt 2Duriya Lakdawala
Finding a treatment for Niemann Pick Type C will provide hope not only to Aaditya Ravi Dasgupta and Tasneem Tankiwala in India but to many others like Addi and Cassi Hempel, Gabrielle Laverde and Peyton and Kayla Hadley in US, Husein Taher in Tanzania, South Africa, Roy Green in UK and so many more kids, teens and adults all over the world and in India that have not been diagnosed yet due to the cost and complexity of the diagnostic process. You can leave a wish for Aaditya (http://addiandcassi.com/guestbook) or for more information go to: www.HopeforAaditya.org
peripartum cardiomyopathy is an idiopathic cardiomyopathy
data is taken from most recent guidelines
local incidence of disease is also included
a brief history of this disease is also included
a proper mangement plan based on most recent guidelines is also given
prognosis clearly stated
balanced slides, easily readable
recurrent miscarriage is a real clinical problem with different aetioogies. However, recent observations pointed to vascular dysfunction as a main underlying factor: how ? this talk may help in illustrating this
Can we use NNT (neonatal thrombocytopenia) as a screening tool in at risk neo...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Objective: To investigate the immunohistochemical staining of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and Ki-67 expression in the placenta of pregnant women with placenta previa and placenta accreta.
Study Design: Thirty placentas (10 normotensive, 10 placenta previa, and 10 placenta accreta) were processed for routine histological tissue processing. The biochemical parameters of patients were recorded. Placentas were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and HIF-1α and Ki-67 immunostaining.
Results: Normal histology was observed in placentas of normotensive pregnant women. Placenta previa sections showed increased syncytial knots, intervillous hemorrhage, fibrin accumulation, and hyalinization. In placenta accreta sections, increased syncytial nodes, vascular dilation/congestion, fibrin accumulation, and hyalinization were observed. Normotensive placentas showed no HIF-1α expression. In placenta previa tissues, high HIF-1α expression was observed in vascular endothelial cells, villous stromal cells, and syncytial knots. High HIF-1α expression was recorded in villous stromal cells and cytotrophoblast cells in placenta accreta. In normotensive placental tissues, no Ki-67 expression was observed. In placenta previa sections, high Ki-67 expression was observed mostly in root villi stromal cells and some endothelial cells. High Ki-67 expression was observed mostly in villi stromal cells of placenta accreta.
Conclusion: It is thought that HIF-1α is an important regulatory gene in the development of villus in trophoblast invasion such as placenta accreta and previa, while Ki-67 will play a key role in the development of abnormal placenta with its stimulating effect on inflammatory cell development and angiogenesis in accreta and preeclampsia.
widespread epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was reported in 2015 in South and Central America and the Caribbean. A major concern associated with this infection is the apparent increased incidence of microcephaly in fetuses born to mothers infected with ZIKV. In this report, we describe the case of an expectant mother who had a febrile illness with rash at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy while she was living in Brazil. Ultrasonography performed at 29 weeks of gestation revealed microcephaly with calcifications in the fetal brain and pla-centa. After the mother requested termination of the pregnancy, a fetal autopsy was performed. Micrencephaly (an abnormally small brain) was observed, with almost complete agyria, hydrocephalus, and multifocal dystrophic calcifications in the cortex and subcortical white matter, with associated cortical displacement and mild focal inf lammation. ZIKV was found in the fetal brain tissue on reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay, with consistent findings on electron microscopy. The complete genome of ZIKV was recovered from the fetal brain
Intracranial arteriovenous malformation in an infant—vein of Galen malformationApollo Hospitals
The vein of Galen malformation is a rare cerebrovascular disorder which is characterized by an abnormal direct communication between one or several cerebral arteries and the vein of Galen. In neonates, it usually causes congestive heart failure. Infants, older children, and adults usually present with mass effect, seizures, or intracranial hemorrhage. Here, we report a 6-month-old infant diagnosed with the vein of Galen malformation antenatally and presented to us with acute hydrocephalus. She underwent emergency embolization, developed in right femoral artery thrombosis as a complication requiring emergency thrombectomy and end-to-end repair. After embolization, she stabilized but hydrocephalus and raised intracranial tension persisted for which she required endoscopic third ventriculostomy.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
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Fetal Hydrocephalus With Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Figure 1. Transverse axial sonogram at a gestational age of 33 weeks 4 days. An
intracerebral hypoechoic lesion (arrow) is shown adjacent to the lateral ventricle.
sion of 12 U of platelet concentrate, the pregnancy was terminated by cesarean delivery under
general anesthesia. A female neonate weighing
2540 g was delivered with Apgar scores of 7 at 1
minute and 8 at 5 minutes.
The neonate had moderate physical activity
and crying. Head circumference was 34.5 cm
(75th–90th percentile). The fontanel was soft and
flat, and there was no evidence of caput or molding on the head. Multiple bruises were noted on
the face and scalp, and petechiae were present
on the whole body skin. The palate was perforated (cleft palate), and petechiae were also noted
Figure 2. Transverse axial sonogram at 33 weeks 4 days (transventricular view).
The transverse diameter of the ventricular atrium has a normal atrial width.
778
on it. Laboratory data showed a platelet count
of 1 × 109/L (normal range in a neonate,
150–350 × 109/L) with a prolonged prothrombin time. Immunologic examination findings
were negative for antiplatelet antibody and
platelet-associated immunoglobulin G. On
brain ultrasonography, moderate to severe
hydrocephalus was noted, and there was no
evidence of intraventricular hemorrhage
(Figure 4). Computed tomography revealed diffuse ischemic and encephalomalatic changes
in both hemispheres and severe hydrocephalus
(Figure 5).
The neonate had been treated with intravenous
immunoglobulin therapy for 2 days (1 g ⋅ kg–1 ⋅
d–1). Because the platelet count remained low
during hospitalization, and the compression of
brain parenchyma due to hydrocephalus was not
remarkable, extraventricular drainage was not
performed. The infant was discharged on the
25th day. Since then, we have been following her
in the outpatient department. Her platelet count
was first normalized to 163 × 109/L on the 90th
day, and the last data showed a platelet count of
151 × 109/L on the 114th day. Neurologic signs
such as delay in eye contact and frequent vomiting subsequently developed, but the infant was
still alive.
Discussion
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an
autoimmune disorder in which platelets are
destroyed in the reticuloendothelial system by
the antibody of the immunoglobulin G group
against platelet surface antigen. It affects about
5% of the population and often develops in
young women. The incidence of ITP in pregnant
women has been reported as approximately 1 to
2 per 1000 pregnancies.1,2
The autoantibody can cross the placenta and
induce neonatal thrombocytopenia. The risk of
severe thrombocytopenia in neonates born to
mothers with ITP seems to be very rare. The incidence of severe thrombocytopenia, defined as a
platelet count at birth of less than 20 × 109/L,
ranges from 1% to 5%.3
The diagnosis of ITP is based on the exclusion
of other causes of thrombocytopenia. The presence of antiplatelet antibodies is regarded as a
hallmark of ITP, but antigen-specific assays
detect platelet-associated and plasma autoantibodies in about 50% to 75% of patients.4 The varJ Ultrasound Med 2006; 25:777–780
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Kim and Choi
ious types of assays proved to be poor in sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.5 In addition, the antibody can also be seen in various
other diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and human immunodeficiency virus
infection. As a result, the presence of the autoantibody cannot be used as a diagnostic criterion
yet. In our case, maternal immune assay results
were negative for the antiplatelet antibody.
The purpose of management in pregnant
women with ITP is to reduce the hemorrhagic
complications by restoring hematologic profiles rather than to normalize the platelet count.
The treatment options are corticosteroid therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin or anti-RhD,
and plasmapheresis. To our knowledge, however, there have been no prospective trials guiding the treatment of pregnant patients with
this disorder. In our case, the maternal platelet
count was not sufficiently elevated after corticosteroid, immunoglobulin, and anti-RhD
(WinRho) therapy.
The fetus with severe thrombocytopenia is at
increased risk of hemorrhage, including
intracranial hemorrhage, which usually occurs
in association with labor and delivery. Also, there
are controversies with regard to the mode of
delivery in pregnancies with ITP Some reports
.
have shown that neonatal intracranial hemorrhage are unrelated to the mode of delivery,
which should be based on obstetric considerations only.6–8 In general, obstetricians prefer
cesarean delivery to lower the risk of intracranial
hemorrhage.
Some interventions have been used to determine the fetal blood count, including cordocentesis, scalp sampling, and umbilical cord
sampling. Some authors, however, emphasized
the risk of these procedures, including doubts
of reliability, and did not recommend performing these prenatal interventions.9,10 Recently,
with advances in techniques and procedures,
in utero therapies as well as diagnostic procedures have been reported to show promising
success rates.
In a review of the literature, Cook et al11
reported that the incidence rates of intracranial
hemorrhage among neonates with severe
thrombocytopenia (<50 × 109/L) were 4% after
cesarean delivery and 5% after vaginal delivery.
In our case, it is suspected that the intracranial
hemorrhage caused the hydrocephalus. The
mechanism by which intracranial hemorrhage
J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25:777–780
Figure 3. Transverse axial sonogram at 37 weeks 2 days (transventricular view).
Note that bilateral hydrocephalus has newly developed (arrow).
led to hydrocephalus has been suggested (or suspected) to be that arachnoid granulations were
obstructed by the breakdown products from the
hemorrhage. Neurodevelopmental outcome is
thought to be poor. With regard to neonatal prognosis, Boynton et al12 reported outcomes of 50
preterm neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. The mortality rate was 7%; seizures
developed in 38% of the patients; and limitations
in motor function developed in 49%.12
There have been some reports about hydrocephalus caused by alloimmune thrombocytopenia, but hydrocephalus occurring after
Figure 4. Brain sonogram on the day of birth. Moderate to severe hydrocephalus
is shown, which is symmetric and compresses the brain parenchyma. There is no
sign of intracerebral or intraventricular hemorrhage.
779
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Fetal Hydrocephalus With Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
References
1.
2.
Warner MN, Moore JC, Warkentin TE, Santos AV, Kelton
JG. A prospective study of protein-specific assays used to
investigate idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J
Haematol 1999; 104:442–447.
5.
Cines DB, Blanchette VS. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:995–1008.
6.
George JN, El-Harake MA, Raskob GE. Chronic idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 1994; 331:
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Letsky EA, Greaves M. Guidelines on the investigation and
management of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and
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4.
intracranial hemorrhage in fetuses of mothers
with ITP has rarely been reported. In 1985,
Morales and Stroup13 reported 1 case of intracranial hemorrhage in utero that developed in a
neonate with isoimmune thrombocytopenia and
commented that a similar condition can arise
from maternal ITP Only 1 case, reported by
.
Tampakoudis et al,14 demonstrated a similar
condition. They described a fetal intracranial
hemorrhage that was first diagnosed at the
beginning of the third trimester, possibly secondary to maternal ITP Similar to our case, no
.
sign of hemorrhage other than hydrocephalus
was found in the neonatal evaluation after
cesarean delivery. The neonate died 2 months
after birth.14
In the absence of other neonatal diagnostic
assay results, whether neonatal thrombocytopenia is attributable only to the maternal ITP is
unclear. However, it can be an important cause of
intracranial hemorrhage and subsequent hydrocephalus that spontaneously occur in a pregnancy complicated by ITP In addition, because the
.
infant in this case lived, we believe that our case
may present important information about the
prognosis of this condition.
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37:275–289.
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Figure 5. Computed tomogram taken on the second postnatal day shows severe
hydrocephalus and diffuse ischemic and encephalomalatic changes in both hemispheres.
al-Mofada SM, Osman ME, Kides E, al-Momen AK, al
Herbish AS, al-Mobaireek K. Risk of thrombocytopenia in
the infants of mothers with idiopathic thrombocytopenia.
Am J Perinatal 1994; 11:423–426.
Schwartz KA. Gestational thrombocytopenia and immune
thrombocytopenias in pregnancy. Hematol Oncol Clin
North Am 2000; 14:1101–1116.
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Burrows RF, Kelton JG. Pregnancy in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: assessing the risks for
the infant at delivery. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1993; 48:781–
788.
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Silver RM, Branch W, Scott JR. Maternal thrombocytopenia
in pregnancy: time for a reassessment. Am J Obstet Gynecol
1995; 173:479–482.
11.
Cook RL, Miller RC, Katz VL, Cefalo RC. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy: a reappraisal of management. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78:578–583.
12.
Boynton BR, Boynton CA, Merritt TA, Vaucher YE, James
HE, Bejar RF. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts in low birth
weight infants with intracranial hemorrhage: neurodevelopmental outcome. Neurosurgery 1986; 18:141–145.
13.
Morales WJ, Stroup M. Intracranial hemorrhage in utero
due to isoimmune neonatal thrombocytopenia. Obstet
Gynecol 1985; 65(suppl):20S–21S.
14.
Tampakoudis P, Bili H, Lazaridis E, Anastasiadou E, Andreou
A, Mantalenakis S. Prenatal diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage secondary to maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report. Am J Perinatol 1995; 12:
268–270.
J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25:777–780