This document discusses various terms used to describe people of mixed ethnic heritage in Latin America and the Caribbean. It provides definitions for terms like mulatto (mixed black and white), mestizo (mixed European and Native American), and dougla (mixed Afro-Trinidadian and Indo-Trinidadian). It also discusses concepts like transculturation and interculturation which refer to the mixing and blending of cultures when different ethnic groups interact. Additionally, it shares a story that illustrates a humorous interaction between a Jamaican man and a restaurant waiter.
An easy to understand presentation that explains creolisation, describes cultural, racial and religious hybridisation, and the theories put forward by Edward Kamau Brathwaite to explain European domination strategies
For students of CAPE pursuing Sociology or Caribbean studies. This would provide relevant information pertinent to their understanding of Caribbean society and Culture.
An easy to understand presentation that explains creolisation, describes cultural, racial and religious hybridisation, and the theories put forward by Edward Kamau Brathwaite to explain European domination strategies
For students of CAPE pursuing Sociology or Caribbean studies. This would provide relevant information pertinent to their understanding of Caribbean society and Culture.
Cultural diversity is the term used to describe many different cultures co-existing within one larger culture. The fact that we can eat so many different types of cuisine in the United States is because people from other countries have immigrated to the US and brought aspects of their own cultures with them. This means that under the umbrella of American culture there are actually many different ethnic traditions being practiced in communities around the country.
As an abstract concept, cultural diversity is actually pretty straightforward; however, finding a concrete definition of culture can be a little bit tricky. This is because the definition of culture can change depending on who's using it and the context in which it's being used. For example, some people use the term to describe the creative arts, like dancing or painting, while others use it in a much broader context to refer to all of the traditions, practices, and belief systems of a particular population of people. For the purposes of this lesson, we are going to look at culture as the latter of these two definitions.
Because there was a lot of dense material in this mini-lecture, I presented it as a SlideShare to make it visually more appealing and to break up the information a little.
Cultural diversity is the term used to describe many different cultures co-existing within one larger culture. The fact that we can eat so many different types of cuisine in the United States is because people from other countries have immigrated to the US and brought aspects of their own cultures with them. This means that under the umbrella of American culture there are actually many different ethnic traditions being practiced in communities around the country.
As an abstract concept, cultural diversity is actually pretty straightforward; however, finding a concrete definition of culture can be a little bit tricky. This is because the definition of culture can change depending on who's using it and the context in which it's being used. For example, some people use the term to describe the creative arts, like dancing or painting, while others use it in a much broader context to refer to all of the traditions, practices, and belief systems of a particular population of people. For the purposes of this lesson, we are going to look at culture as the latter of these two definitions.
Because there was a lot of dense material in this mini-lecture, I presented it as a SlideShare to make it visually more appealing and to break up the information a little.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
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Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. This group consists of :
Anjanie Ramnath
Radha Seeraj
Sangita Thackoor
Savitree Baldeo
And we will be presenting on
HYBRIDIZATION
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8. Mulatto denotes a person with
one white parent and one black
parent, or a person of mixed
black and white ancestry.
9. In the terminology of British historians , enslaved
Africans and their white European overlords produced
the ethnic group called the mulattoes. A child of a
mulatto and a black person was called a sambo; a child
of a mulatto and a white person was called a quadroon
and a child of a quadroon and a white was called an
octaroon.
Continued unions of Africans coloured and whites over
serveal hundreds of years produced the continuum of
colour apparent amongst coloured and African ethnic
groups today in the Caribbean.
10. Mestizo is a term traditionally
used in Latin America and Spain
for people of mixed European
and Native American heritage or
descent. The term originated as a
racial category in the Caste
system that was in use during the
Spanish empire’s control of their
American colonies.
A mestizo woman
11. Europeans first entered the Amerindians in the
fifteenth century, and in that violent impact
between the powerful and the powerless the
mixed race of mestizos was born. Among
Hispanic scholars in the Caribbean the term
‘mestizo’ has been used to label all people of
mixed race in the Caribbean, eg. Euro-
Amerindian mestizo, Afro-Amerindian mestizo,
Afro-European mestizo and so on.
12. Dougla is a word used by people of the West Indies,
especially in Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. It is used to
describe people who are a product of Afro-Trinidadian and
Indo-Trinidadian descent.
13. One calypsonian, the Mighty Dougla (Clatis Ali),
described the predicament of "douglas" in the
1960s:
"If they sending Indians to India
And Africans back to Africa
Well somebody please just tell me
Where they sending poor me?
I am neither one nor the other
Six of one, half a dozen of the other
So if they sending all these people back home for
true
They got to split me in two,"
14. Let us suppose they pass a law
They don't want people living here anymore
Everybody got to find they country
According to your race originally
What a confusion I would cause in de place
They might have to shoot me in space
Because they sending Indians to India
And the Negroes back to Africa
Can somebody please just tell me
Where they sending poor me
I am neither one nor the other
Six of one, half a dozen of the other
If they serious about sending back people for
true
They got to split me in two
From the time ah small ah in confusion
Ah couldn't play with no other lil children
If ah go by the Negro children to play
They say 'You little coolie now run away'
Ah go by the Indian children next door
They say 'Nowayrian, what you come here for'
Ah always by meself like ah lil monkey
Not one single child wouldn't play with me
Hear what happen to me recently
Ah going down Jogie Road walking peacefully
Some Indians and Negroes rioting
Poor me didn't know not a single thing
But as ah enter in de Odit Trace
Ah Indian man cuff me straight in meh face
Ah run by the Negroes to get rescue
'Look ah coolie!' and them start beating me
too
Some fellas having a race discussion
I jump in to give my opinion
A young fella watch me in meh face
He say, yuh shut your mouth yuh ain't got no
race
What he say to me was a real insult
But is not right to blame, is meh fadder fault
When you see half a race talking to (?)
Instead of having one race yuh know I got two
15. Transculturation describes the process whereby a culture
changes drastically, actually overcoming itself and translating
into something new.
The experience of slavery to newly arrived Africans and creole
Africans in the Caribbean could be described as a process of
transculturation. The Africans was able to retain elements of
language and religion that were fashioned into complete fully
functioning hybrid culture. ‘Transculturation” is thus a broad
all-encompassing term referring to whole cultures, and in the
case of slavery involves the experience , for newly arrived
Africans, of moving from being steeped in African culture to
hybrid culture.
16. Interculturation refers to the mixing of cultures that goes on between
groups who share a space. The groups do not necessarily give up their own
culture but participate in various ways in each other’s lives.
Trinidad and Tobago is described as a culturally plural society where the
major ethnic groups, namely Africans and Indians meet but they do not
mix. They meet in their workplaces , schools, churches and when pursuing
leisure. They form friendships and tend to appreciate certain areas of each
other’s culture. E.g. festivals and celebrations of each group are appreciated
mainly for they culinary aspects an the accompanying holidays.
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22. Only A Jamaican...
There were three men from the Caribbean living together in
London; a Trinidadian, a Barbadian and a Jamaican who were all
starving because they didn't have money to buy food. However,
upon coming close to a posh restaurant they came up with a plan.
The Trinidadian went in first. After being seated he ordered a
three course meal with white wine. When he had finished the
meal the waiter came by with the cheque.
"But I paid you!" the Trinidadian shouted.
The waiter was very confused as he could not remember being
paid, but as he did not want to cause any trouble...he let the Trini
leave.
23. Five minutes later the Barbadian walked into the restaurant and
ordered a five course meal with red wine. When he was finished
eating, the waiter came by to collect the money for food.
"But I paid you!" The Barbadian shouted.
This time the manager came and had to calm down the Bajan,
and as he did not want anything to upset the other customers he
let the Bajan go.
Ten minutes later the Jamaican walked in, sat down, lit a
cigarette, and ordered the most expensive meal on the menu plus
two Red Stripe beers. After he had finished, the waiter came to
collect the money for the meal and before asking for it, the waiter
said, "Sir... I have been having a sort of problem all day and I can't
understand it. Other people like you came in earlier and ate and
they said that they paid me but I don't remember getting any
money from them, so........
Before he could finish, the Jamaican chimed in loudly "Hear mi
nuh boss, that ah fi yu problem...jus gimme mi change!"
