The presidencies of McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson expanded U.S. imperialism through military and economic policies. McKinley initiated the Spanish-American War and Open Door Policy. Roosevelt employed Big Stick Diplomacy and built the Panama Canal. Taft used Dollar Diplomacy to invest in Latin America. Wilson advocated for Moral Diplomacy and democracy promotion through potential military intervention.

1.  How did the presidencies of
McKinley, Teddy Roosevelt, Taft,
and Wilson follow the trend of
American imperialism?

2. McKinley
–Spanish American War
–Open Door Policy
Teddy Roosevelt
–Big Stick Diplomacy
–Roosevelt Corollary
–Panama Canal
Taft
–Dollar Diplomacy
Wilson
–Moral Diplomacy

3. President
McKinley

4. In the late 1800s….

5. In the late 1800s….

6. OPEN DOOR Policy
• Who?
Secretary of State
John Hay
• Target?
China
• Rationale:
– Gives all nations equal access to trade in China
– Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by
any one foreign power.

7. OPEN DOOR Policy
• Who?
Secretary of State
John Hay
• Target?
China
• Rationale:
– Gives all nations equal access to trade in China
– Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by
any one foreign power.

8. President Teddy
Roosevelt

9. “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY
• Who?
Theodore Roosevelt (Pres.
1901-1909)
• Target?
Latin America,
Caribbean nations
• Rationale:
– Any disorder in regions would force US to send in troops to
protect its interests, investments $$$
– Keep Europe out of region if nation defaults on loans

10. “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY
• Who?
Theodore Roosevelt (Pres.
1901-1909)
• Target?
Latin America,
Caribbean nations
• Rationale:
– Any disorder in regions would force US to send in troops to
protect its interests, investments $$$
– Keep Europe out of region if nation defaults on loans

11. Roosevelt Corollary
•Corollary means addition or proposition.
•Teddy Roosevelt enforced
the Monroe Doctrine by
stating that if any Latin
American nation engages in
“wrongdoing," (large debts
or rebellions) the US military
would intervene. Europe was
to remain across the Atlantic,
while America would police
the Western Hemisphere.

12. Roosevelt Corollary
•Corollary means addition or proposition.
•Teddy Roosevelt enforced
the Monroe Doctrine by
stating that if any Latin
American nation engages in
“wrongdoing," (large debts
or rebellions) the US military
would intervene. Europe was
to remain across the Atlantic,
while America would police
the Western Hemisphere.

13. •Japan was also a concern for the US. In 1904,
war broke out between RUSSIA AND JAPAN.
The war was going poorly for the Russians.
Theodore Roosevelt offered to mediate the
peace. The two sides met with Roosevelt in
New Hampshire, and before long, a treaty was
arranged.
•The Japanese public felt that the US sided
with Russia and Anti-American riots began
in Japan.
•Meanwhile, Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel
Peace Prize for his efforts.
•That same year, Roosevelt decided to display
his "big stick," the new American navy. He sent
the flotilla, known around the world as the
GREAT WHITE FLEET, on a worldwide tour. It
was meant to intimidate potential aggressors,
particularly Japan.

14. One of TR’s top
objectives was to build
a canal in Panama to
help U.S. naval and
commercial ships
But, the gov’t of Colombia rejected the
U.S. offer to build a canal in Panama so TR
encouraged Panama to break from Colombia
Panama
Canal:

15. The Panama
Canal
US takes over Panama
Canal construction
•US offered to pay
Columbia, but it was
slow to respond
•US urges Panama to
revolt, sends US ships
to back rebels
•Panama declares
independence & US
buys canal rights from
new country

16. With U.S. help, Panama gained its independence
from Colombia in 1903 and the new government
agreed to allow the U.S. to build the canal

17. PANAMA
CANAL

18. TR in Panama
(Construction begins in 1904)

19. In 1914, the Panama Canal was finished
and controlled by the United States
How the Panama
Canal Works

20. President Taft

21. DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
• Who?President Taft
• Target: Latin America,
Caribbean & Asia
• Rationale:
–US government will act to
improve the financial
opportunities of US
businesses.
–US gives $$$ in loans as
investments to stabilize
countries but would use
military if necessary.

22. President Wilson

23. MORAL OR MISSIONARY DIPLOMACY
• Who: President Woodrow
Wilson
• Target:
Latin America & Caribbean
• How it worked:
–US should be the teacher
of the world
–Spread democracy and
promote peace
–US send military to fix
problems as a last resort.

24.  How did the presidencies of
McKinley, Teddy Roosevelt, Taft, and
Wilson follow the trend of
American imperialism?