America as a World Power

1. Unit 8- Imperialism

2.  I. Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy
 A. Panama Canal
 Panama was a territory of Columbia-
negotiations broke down for a canal
 US helped Panama fight for independence
 15 days later, US payed Panama $10M plus
$.25M/year in land rental fees for the canal

3.  B. Russo-Japanese War
 Russia and Japan were competing for Korea
 Japan won several battles, but were running
out of men and money
 Japan asked TR to mediate- he helped
negotiate a treaty on his Pres. Yacht in NH
 TR won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906

4.  C. Roosevelt Corollary
 Monroe Doctrine (1823) demanded that
Europe stay out of Latin American affairs
 TR added his corollary in 1904 saying that US
would use force to protect its LA interests
 “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go
far” (Big Stick Diplomacy)

5.  II. Dollar Diplomacy- The US government
guaranteed loans to foreign countries by American
businesspeople (Taft)
 Kept Europe out of Latin America

6.  III. Missionary Diplomacy- Wilson believed the
US had a moral duty to ignore LA countries that
were not democracies
 A. Mexican Revolution- Political unrest in
Mexico threatened US investments and
diplomacy
 B. US and Mexico came close to war

7.  C. Pancho Villa- Mexican rebel leader that
opposed new Mexican government
 Villa and his men killed several Americans in
Mexico that were operating mines
 They later killed 17 Americans in NM

8.  D. John J. Pershing- General sent by Wilson to
Mexico to find Villa dead or alive
 150,000 troops were sent to Mexican border
 US and Mexico almost went to war, US backed
down because of WWI

9.  IV. US achieved foreign policy goals in the 20th
Century:
 1. Expanded access to foreign markets
 2. Built a modern navy to protect interests
abroad
 3. Used int’l police power to dominate LA