Human stages and development
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Human growth and development progresses through distinct life stages from infancy to old age. Infancy involves rapid growth and the beginning of socialization and creativity. During childhood, social skills develop as kids learn to work with others. Adolescence introduces puberty and sexual maturation. Young adulthood is a time of independence and responsibility as adult life approaches. Adulthood involves psychological stability, work, and responsibility for family. Old age brings loss of fertility and physical decline as death nears. Each stage presents changes in the body and mind as individuals progress toward the next phase of life.
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Theories of life stages and human development
This document summarizes several theories of human development, including Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, and Gilligan's stages of care ethics. It describes the key aspects of each theory, including the stages and impacts on education and society. Developmental psychologists use theories like these to understand influences on human behavior.
Human psychological development
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Nature vs. Nurture describes how both genetics (genotype) and the environment (phenotype) influence human development. Reaction range refers to the upper and lower boundaries set by a person's genetics for how a trait may develop based on environmental factors. Critical and sensitive periods describe windows of time when certain behaviors are most influenced by the environment. Piaget's stages of cognitive development include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages which build on each other sequentially. Parenting styles such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and uninvolved impact personality development and behaviors like aggression.
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The document discusses key concepts in child and adolescent development. It explains that studying development is important because the early years set the foundation for later success. Understanding development allows one to better support a child's needs. It defines development as progressive, ordered changes and growth as physical changes in size and structure. Childhood spans from birth to age 12, while adolescence is the transition to adulthood from ages 10-19. Development is influenced by maturation, environment, and genes, and follows predictable sequences, though the timing varies between individuals. Learning can help or hinder the maturation process. Growth progresses from head to toe and center to outer parts of the body.
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The document provides an overview of developmental psychology, including:
1. It discusses several philosophical roots of explanations for human development such as original sin, innate goodness, and the blank slate theory.
2. Early scientific theories focused on documenting physical changes and establishing norms, while maturation theories emphasized genetically programmed development.
3. Modern perspectives consider development across the lifespan rather than only in childhood, and examine factors like nature vs nurture, ecology, and historical/cultural context.
4. Research methods discussed include basic and applied research using experimental, longitudinal, and observational designs while addressing ethical issues.
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Developmental psychology examines how humans grow and change over the lifespan. The document discusses several key topics:
1. It describes Piaget's stages of cognitive development from infancy to adulthood, including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages.
2. It discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, including identity vs. role confusion in adolescence as individuals search for self-identity.
3. It notes physical changes in adolescence like puberty and secondary sex characteristics as well as brain development, and the importance of social relationships during this period.
Stages of child development
This document outlines the key stages of child development from infancy through adolescence. It discusses development in three domains: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. For each stage, it provides an overview of the typical physical growth and motor skills, cognitive abilities like language development and thought processes, and psychosocial milestones regarding personality, relationships, and independence. The stages covered are infancy, early childhood (ages 2-6), middle childhood (ages 7-11), and adolescence (ages 10-18).
Child development-theorists
1. The document discusses several major theories of child development, including psychodynamic, cognitive, and social learning theories.
2. Psychodynamic theories include Freud's psychosexual stages and Erikson's psychosocial stages. Cognitive theories include Piaget's stages of cognitive development and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory. Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes modeling and imitation.
3. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory proposes that children's development is influenced by environmental systems from the immediate family outwards. No single theory can fully explain development.
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Human psychological development
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Nature vs. Nurture describes how both genetics (genotype) and the environment (phenotype) influence human development. Reaction range refers to the upper and lower boundaries set by a person's genetics for how a trait may develop based on environmental factors. Critical and sensitive periods describe windows of time when certain behaviors are most influenced by the environment. Piaget's stages of cognitive development include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages which build on each other sequentially. Parenting styles such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and uninvolved impact personality development and behaviors like aggression.
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The document provides an overview of developmental psychology, including:
1. It discusses several philosophical roots of explanations for human development such as original sin, innate goodness, and the blank slate theory.
2. Early scientific theories focused on documenting physical changes and establishing norms, while maturation theories emphasized genetically programmed development.
3. Modern perspectives consider development across the lifespan rather than only in childhood, and examine factors like nature vs nurture, ecology, and historical/cultural context.
4. Research methods discussed include basic and applied research using experimental, longitudinal, and observational designs while addressing ethical issues.
Developmental psychology
Developmental psychology examines how humans grow and change over the lifespan. The document discusses several key topics:
1. It describes Piaget's stages of cognitive development from infancy to adulthood, including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages.
2. It discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, including identity vs. role confusion in adolescence as individuals search for self-identity.
3. It notes physical changes in adolescence like puberty and secondary sex characteristics as well as brain development, and the importance of social relationships during this period.
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This document outlines the key stages of child development from infancy through adolescence. It discusses development in three domains: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. For each stage, it provides an overview of the typical physical growth and motor skills, cognitive abilities like language development and thought processes, and psychosocial milestones regarding personality, relationships, and independence. The stages covered are infancy, early childhood (ages 2-6), middle childhood (ages 7-11), and adolescence (ages 10-18).
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1. The document discusses several major theories of child development, including psychodynamic, cognitive, and social learning theories.
2. Psychodynamic theories include Freud's psychosexual stages and Erikson's psychosocial stages. Cognitive theories include Piaget's stages of cognitive development and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory. Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes modeling and imitation.
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Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes. It aims to describe, explain, predict, and control behaviors and mental processes through scientific methods. Developmental psychology examines changes across the lifespan from infancy to adulthood, including physical, emotional, social, cognitive, personality, and moral development. Researchers study development through longitudinal studies that follow the same group over time or cross-sectional studies that compare different age groups at a single point in time. Key areas of debate include the influences of nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity of development.
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This document outlines 10 principles of human development:
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2. Development progresses gradually and cumulatively, not suddenly.
3. Development follows a sequential pattern unique to each species.
4. Individual rates of development vary due to heredity and environment.
5. Development proceeds from general to specific abilities over time.
6. Traits are often correlated - strong development in one area relates to others.
7. Both heredity and environment influence growth and maturation.
8. Development follows predictable patterns observable through tests.
9. Development brings structural and functional changes over time.
10. All developmental factors constantly interact with each other.
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This document discusses child development principles and theories. It covers the following key points in 3 sentences:
The document defines areas of child development as physical, cognitive, and social-emotional. It explains the principles of development as proceeding from head to toe and center to outer parts of the body. The document emphasizes that brain development is most rapid in the first 3 years of life, and there are critical windows of opportunity for developing skills like vision and language during this time.
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The document discusses several key topics related to human growth, development, and genetics:
1. It outlines Gregor Mendel's laws of genetic inheritance and how the chromosomal theory of genetic transmission was established. The human genome contains around 3 billion base pairs that determine traits.
2. DNA does not directly determine traits but creates proteins that influence biochemistry and ultimately behavior. Genetic studies show humans share a high percentage of genetic material with other species.
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The document discusses various theories of human development including:
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- Cognitive development theory by Piaget which includes sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages.
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This document summarizes several major theories of child and adolescent development. It discusses Freud's psychosexual theory of stages of development focused on sexual pleasure and parts of consciousness. Erikson's psychosocial theory describes eight stages of developing identity and social skills. Kohlberg's theory examines three levels of moral development. Piaget's cognitive development theory outlines four stages of intellectual growth. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory views child development within micro, meso, and exosystems of relationships and environment. Key developmental tasks are also summarized across lifespan from infancy to adulthood.
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The document discusses several key principles and theories of human development from conception through childhood. It covers the stages of prenatal development from the germinal stage through the embryonic and fetal periods. Several environmental factors that can impact prenatal growth are outlined, as well as maternal health factors. The major stages and milestones of physical, language, emotional, and social development from infancy through early childhood are then reviewed based on age, drawing from theories including Piaget's stages and Erikson's psychosocial stages. Key theorists in child development such as Freud, Bowlby, Kohlberg are also referenced.
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- Infancy and toddlerhood from birth to age 2 sees rapid biological, cognitive, and psychosocial development including physical growth, motor skill development, early language skills, attachment to caregivers, and exploration.
- Early childhood from ages 2 to 6 includes continued physical growth, expanding language skills and cognition, increasingly complex play and social interactions, and a shift toward independence.
- Middle childhood from ages 7 to 9 features slower physical growth, expanding logical thought and memory abilities, a growing importance of peer relationships, and developing coping strategies.
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Child development occurs in distinct periods from prenatal to adolescence. It involves physical, cognitive, and social/emotional growth. During the prenatal period, the zygote develops into an embryo and fetus. Fetal development includes the growth of organs and reflexes. Infancy spans birth to 2 years and involves motor and language milestones. Toddlerhood from 1.5-3 years sees the development of autonomy and gender identity. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development describes stages from sensorimotor to formal operations. Attachment theory proposes that early relationships impact later relationships.
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This document provides an overview of several theoretical perspectives on child development, including:
1) Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic and psychosexual stages of development.
2) Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.
3) Albert Bandura's social cognitive learning theory.
It also briefly mentions other approaches like information processing, dynamic systems theory, and Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. For each theory, it provides background on the theorist and summarizes their main stages or concepts of child development. The document is intended to help students understand different perspectives on how children develop.
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This document provides a high-level overview of teaching strategies focused on differentiating instruction to meet students' unique needs and maximize cognitive effectiveness. It discusses the importance of understanding each student's developmental level, learning profile, and what instructional approaches best suit their unique brain. Key points emphasized include the diversity of human intelligence and development, challenges with standardized testing and developmental frameworks, the malleability of intelligence over time, and strategies like tapping into student interests and passions to increase motivation.
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2. Learning theories proposed by Pavlov, Skinner, and Bandura that explain development through classical and operant conditioning as well as social learning.
3. Psychoanalytic theories proposed by Freud and Erikson that view development as progressing through psychosexual stages and developing virtues at each life stage.
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This document provides an overview of developmental psychology and the typical stages of human development across the lifespan. It discusses 8 stages from prenatal development through late adulthood. Each stage summary includes key physical, cognitive, and social milestones. The stages are prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle age, and late adulthood. Developmental psychology studies how people change through these stages and seeks to understand influencing factors.
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1. The document discusses the major stages of human growth and development from prenatal period to old age.
2. It describes the physical, mental, emotional, and social changes that occur during each life stage, including infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
3. The stages discussed include prenatal period, infancy, early childhood, late childhood, puberty, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and old age. Each stage brings changes in height, weight, intellectual skills, social interactions, and emotional maturity.
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This document outlines 10 principles of human development:
1. Development is continuous from conception through maturity.
2. Development progresses gradually and cumulatively, not suddenly.
3. Development follows a sequential pattern unique to each species.
4. Individual rates of development vary due to heredity and environment.
5. Development proceeds from general to specific abilities over time.
6. Traits are often correlated - strong development in one area relates to others.
7. Both heredity and environment influence growth and maturation.
8. Development follows predictable patterns observable through tests.
9. Development brings structural and functional changes over time.
10. All developmental factors constantly interact with each other.
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This document discusses child development principles and theories. It covers the following key points in 3 sentences:
The document defines areas of child development as physical, cognitive, and social-emotional. It explains the principles of development as proceeding from head to toe and center to outer parts of the body. The document emphasizes that brain development is most rapid in the first 3 years of life, and there are critical windows of opportunity for developing skills like vision and language during this time.
Developmental Psychology and Learning (I Bimestre)
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Inglés
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Ponente: Dra. María Arias
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The document discusses several key topics related to human growth, development, and genetics:
1. It outlines Gregor Mendel's laws of genetic inheritance and how the chromosomal theory of genetic transmission was established. The human genome contains around 3 billion base pairs that determine traits.
2. DNA does not directly determine traits but creates proteins that influence biochemistry and ultimately behavior. Genetic studies show humans share a high percentage of genetic material with other species.
3. Early human development follows specific patterns like cephalocaudal growth from head to toe and proximodistal maturation starting from the body center. Infants demonstrate reflexes and early cognitive abilities in their first months.
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This document discusses human development across different age ranges from prenatal to adulthood. It outlines the key age ranges studied in developmental psychology and some of the main issues examined, such as nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity of development. While human development involves biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional processes, educational examinations and assessments typically focus on assessing the cognitive dimension.
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The document discusses various theories of human development including:
- Psychosexual theory by Freud which includes oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.
- Psychosocial theory by Erikson which includes trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion, intimacy vs isolation, generativity vs stagnation, and integrity vs despair.
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This document summarizes several major theories of child and adolescent development. It discusses Freud's psychosexual theory of stages of development focused on sexual pleasure and parts of consciousness. Erikson's psychosocial theory describes eight stages of developing identity and social skills. Kohlberg's theory examines three levels of moral development. Piaget's cognitive development theory outlines four stages of intellectual growth. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory views child development within micro, meso, and exosystems of relationships and environment. Key developmental tasks are also summarized across lifespan from infancy to adulthood.
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The document discusses several key principles and theories of human development from conception through childhood. It covers the stages of prenatal development from the germinal stage through the embryonic and fetal periods. Several environmental factors that can impact prenatal growth are outlined, as well as maternal health factors. The major stages and milestones of physical, language, emotional, and social development from infancy through early childhood are then reviewed based on age, drawing from theories including Piaget's stages and Erikson's psychosocial stages. Key theorists in child development such as Freud, Bowlby, Kohlberg are also referenced.
Lifetime human development milestones
- Infancy and toddlerhood from birth to age 2 sees rapid biological, cognitive, and psychosocial development including physical growth, motor skill development, early language skills, attachment to caregivers, and exploration.
- Early childhood from ages 2 to 6 includes continued physical growth, expanding language skills and cognition, increasingly complex play and social interactions, and a shift toward independence.
- Middle childhood from ages 7 to 9 features slower physical growth, expanding logical thought and memory abilities, a growing importance of peer relationships, and developing coping strategies.
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Child development occurs in distinct periods from prenatal to adolescence. It involves physical, cognitive, and social/emotional growth. During the prenatal period, the zygote develops into an embryo and fetus. Fetal development includes the growth of organs and reflexes. Infancy spans birth to 2 years and involves motor and language milestones. Toddlerhood from 1.5-3 years sees the development of autonomy and gender identity. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development describes stages from sensorimotor to formal operations. Attachment theory proposes that early relationships impact later relationships.
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This document provides an overview of several theoretical perspectives on child development, including:
1) Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic and psychosexual stages of development.
2) Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.
3) Albert Bandura's social cognitive learning theory.
It also briefly mentions other approaches like information processing, dynamic systems theory, and Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. For each theory, it provides background on the theorist and summarizes their main stages or concepts of child development. The document is intended to help students understand different perspectives on how children develop.
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This chapter overview discusses key topics in human development across the lifespan, including theories of development, prenatal development, infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, later life, and death and dying. It provides a high-level summary of important milestones, changes, and theories related to physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development at each life stage.
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Developmental psychology
Developmental psychology is the study of how people change physically, mentally, and socially throughout their lifespan from conception to death. It examines the biological, environmental, social, cultural, and behavioral influences at each major stage of development including prenatal, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Developmental psychologists investigate how nature and nurture interact at different life stages to shape individuals.
Developmental theories
This document provides an overview of several prominent theories of human development, including:
1. Biological theories proposed by Darwin and Lorenz that emphasize natural selection and imprinting.
2. Learning theories proposed by Pavlov, Skinner, and Bandura that explain development through classical and operant conditioning as well as social learning.
3. Psychoanalytic theories proposed by Freud and Erikson that view development as progressing through psychosexual stages and developing virtues at each life stage.
4. Cognitive theories proposed by Piaget and Vygotsky that describe child development as progressing through sensory, preoperational, concrete, and formal operational stages of increasing logical and abstract thought.
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1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
1 Understanding Human Development:
Approaches and Theories
29
markferguson2/Alamy
Learning Objectives
1.1 Outline five principles of the lifespan developmental perspective.
1.2 Discuss three theoretical controversies about human development.
1.3 Summarize five theoretical perspectives on human development.
1.4 Describe the methods used in studying human development,
including types of data and designs.
1.5 Discuss the responsibility of researchers to their participants and
how they may protect them.
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Master these learning objectives with multimedia resources available at
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30
Think back over your lifetime. How have you grown and changed through
the years? Do your parents describe you as a happy baby? Were you
fussy? Do you remember your first day of kindergarten? What are some of
your most vivid childhood memories? Did you begin puberty early, late, or
was your development similar to others your age? Were your adolescent
years a stressful time? What types of changes do you expect to undergo in
your adult years? Where will you live? Will you have a spouse? Will you
have children? What career will you choose? How might these life choices
and circumstances influence how you age and your perspective in older
adulthood? Will your personality remain the same or change over time? In
short, how will you change over the course of your lifespan?
What is Lifespan Human Development?
This is a book about lifespan human development—the ways in which
people grow, change, and stay the same throughout their lives, from
conception to death. When people use the term development, they often
mean the transformation from infant to adult. However, development does
not end with adulthood. We continue to change in predictable ways
throughout our lifetime, even into old age. Developmental scientists study
human development. They seek to understand lifetime patterns of change.
lifespan human development An approach to studying human
development that examines ways in which individuals grow,
change, and stay the same throughout their lives, from conception
to death.
Table 1.1 illustrates the many phases of life that we progress through from
conception to death. Each phase of life may have a different label and set
of developmental tasks, but all have value. The changes that we undergo
during infancy influence how we experience later changes, such as those
during adolescence and beyond. This is true for all ages in life. Each phase
of life is important and accompanied by its own demands and
opportunities.
Change is the most obv ...
1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
1 Understanding Human Development:
Approaches and Theories
29
markferguson2/Alamy
Learning Objectives
1.1 Outline five principles of the lifespan developmental perspective.
1.2 Discuss three theoretical controversies about human development.
1.3 Summarize five theoretical perspectives on human development.
1.4 Describe the methods used in studying human development,
including types of data and designs.
1.5 Discuss the responsibility of researchers to their participants and
how they may protect them.
Digital Resources
Resilience: It Takes a Village
Poverty and Brain Development
Second Couplehood in Late Adulthood
Nature and Nurture
Educational Aspirations
Sociocultural Influences on Development: Desegregation
Children of Katrina: Longitudinal Research
Childhood Exposure to Lead
Voluntary Participation in HIV Research
Master these learning objectives with multimedia resources available at
edge.sagepub.com/kuthertopical and Lives in Context video cases
available in the interactive eBook.
30
Think back over your lifetime. How have you grown and changed through
the years? Do your parents describe you as a happy baby? Were you
fussy? Do you remember your first day of kindergarten? What are some of
your most vivid childhood memories? Did you begin puberty early, late, or
was your development similar to others your age? Were your adolescent
years a stressful time? What types of changes do you expect to undergo in
your adult years? Where will you live? Will you have a spouse? Will you
have children? What career will you choose? How might these life choices
and circumstances influence how you age and your perspective in older
adulthood? Will your personality remain the same or change over time? In
short, how will you change over the course of your lifespan?
What is Lifespan Human Development?
This is a book about lifespan human development—the ways in which
people grow, change, and stay the same throughout their lives, from
conception to death. When people use the term development, they often
mean the transformation from infant to adult. However, development does
not end with adulthood. We continue to change in predictable ways
throughout our lifetime, even into old age. Developmental scientists study
human development. They seek to understand lifetime patterns of change.
lifespan human development An approach to studying human
development that examines ways in which individuals grow,
change, and stay the same throughout their lives, from conception
to death.
Table 1.1 illustrates the many phases of life that we progress through from
conception to death. Each phase of life may have a different label and set
of developmental tasks, but all have value. The changes that we undergo
during infancy influence how we experience later changes, such as those
during adolescence and beyond. This is true for all ages in life. Each phase
of life is important and accompanied by its own demands and
opportunities.
Change is the most obv ...
The stages-of-development-and-developmental-task
This document outlines the typical stages of human development from prenatal through late adulthood. It describes the key developmental tasks and changes that occur in each stage. The stages discussed are: prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. For each stage, the document provides details about physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.pptx
The document discusses holistic health and its various components, including physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual health. It notes that holistic health represents a state of complete well-being across all of these domains. The document also examines human development across various life stages from infancy to late adulthood, and provides details on the physical, cognitive, and social-emotional changes that occur during adolescence.
CONSUMER HEALTH.pptx
The document discusses holistic health and its various dimensions, including physical, mental, intellectual, social, emotional, and moral-spiritual health. It notes that physical health involves proper functioning of the body as well as nutrition, rest, and sleep. The pituitary gland plays a key role in regulating vital functions. Mental health refers to being open-minded and able to cope with stress, while social health is about relationships and interactions. The document also outlines stages of human development from infancy to old age and characteristics of adolescent development, including physical and emotional changes during puberty.
Stages of Growth and Development
As a person grows from infancy to adulthood, they go through distinct stages of development in different domains such as physical, intellectual, language, social, and emotional. The document outlines the key stages as infancy from 0-2 years where bonds with parents are formed, toddler/preschool age from 2-5 years where children begin to explore independently, school age from 6-12 years where children learn self-discipline but still need parental guidance, adolescence from 13-18 years which involves body changes and self-discovery, adulthood from 18-59 years where individuals face new challenges in career and relationships, and old age 60+ which brings physical and cognitive decline.
Childhood and adolescence
1) There are 8 main stages of human development from conception to death: prenatal, infancy, early childhood, late childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood.
2) Each stage is characterized by specific physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes and challenges as the individual's body and brain develop and mature.
3) Development is a continuous process, and individuals progress through each stage at different rates, influenced by their environment and experiences.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AND THEIR SPECIAL NEEDS
Adolescence is a period of rapid physical, cognitive, social and emotional development between childhood and adulthood. Puberty involves physical changes like growth spurts and development of secondary sex characteristics due to hormonal changes. Adolescents experience biological changes, cognitive development allowing for abstract thought, formation of identity, and changes in relationships with peers and family. Their nutritional, health, and mental health needs are greater during this period of transition to adulthood.
Santrock and Havighurst's Developmental Stages
Santrock's Developmental Stages, Havighurst's Developmental Stages, Human Development, Child and Adolescent Development, Developemental tasks, prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, late childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood, germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage, fetal alcohol syndrome, late maturity,
Adolescence
Adolescence: The concept adolescence and the developmental tasks; Processes involved in the adolescent stage of human development; cognitive development during adolescence; personality development during adolescence; social development during adolescence; parent-adolescent relationships, the peer group, romantic relationships.
Similar to Human stages and development (20)
1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
1 Understanding Human DevelopmentApproaches and Theories
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AND THEIR SPECIAL NEEDS
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AND THEIR SPECIAL NEEDS
Recently uploaded
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptx
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Recently uploaded (20)
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Human stages and development
- 1. Human Growth and Development Manuel Padilla & Juan Pablo Uva
- 2. ● Infancy is a plateau in development. ● Rapid growth and change. ● Beginning of socialization. ● Beginning of sex-role typing. ● Beginning of creativity. ● Kids in early childhood tend to be more egocentric. ● Kids in late childhood tend to start working as a team with companions. ● They usually are very curious with their environments Infancy and childhood (from conception to 10 y/o)
- 3. Adolescence or puberty (10 y/o to 18 y/o) ● Puberty is the period of sexual maturation and achievement of fertility. ● The time when puberty begins varies greatly among individuals; however, puberty usually occurs in girls between the ages of 10 and 14 and between the ages of 12 and 16 in boys. ● During puberty, adolescents go through the development of secondary sex characteristics ● Girls: Hips widen, breasts develop, they start to ovulate and menstrual cycle begins, they start growing pubic hair, height increases, pimples appear ● Boys: Testis and penis increase size, pubic hair starts to grow, muscles develop, big increasing in size, pimples appear, sperm production begins ● Girls tend to develop sexually earlier than boys ● Puberty may also be accompanied by emotional and mood changes. ● Some medical conditions may appear during puberty, for example, myopia. ● At this age they learn more advanced things such as advanced math, history of the world, science, etc.
- 4. Young Adulthood (18 y/o to 25 y/o) ● Young adults go through a lot of change inside their brains. The way they act and feel completely changes. ● At this age, the average person goes through a lot of stress ● They start to be way more independent and to more responsible. This makes them go through a stage of self-emotional-discovery ● As they see their adult life among them, they tend to get optimistic about how they are going to live and usually they think they will live better than their parents did ● Also, it is the age when they will learn the things that are actually important for life, such as how to buy a house, raise a kid, etc. Because of this, they become more curious, similar to what happens in childhood. ● Their bodies keep growing but not as much as during puberty.
- 5. Adulthood (25 y/o to 65 y/o) ● People going through adulthood are the most psychologically stable of all life stages ● They know how to control their feelings ● They know financial stuff and they work for money ● As adults usually have kids, they assume a maximum responsibility over them and the can’t misbehave anymore ● As they have been learning for a long time, they are the most reasonable, hard-working, understanding and responsible of all. ● As they are now fully independent, they start worrying about getting the things that they need, such as money, food, a place to live (assuming they moved out of their parents house), etc.
- 6. Old age (65 y/o to death) ● At this age is when people usually lose their fertility (from this stage on you won’t be able to have kids generally) ● Muscles start to deteriorate ● Sight and hearing tend to become more ● Usually we relate wisdom with old people as they had a long life of acquiring knowledge everyday ● Stress/relief/fear/depression (depends on the person) comes with the knowing that they are near to death ● Stamina decreases a lot