Human resource development involves using training, organizational development, and career development to improve individual, group, and organizational performance. It develops the key competencies needed for employees to perform current and future jobs through planned learning activities. HRD aims to strengthen employees' existing knowledge, skills, and abilities and make them even better at their jobs, similar to how a coach improves their team's skills. On-the-job training, job shadowing, and professional development courses are common forms of HRD that continue throughout an employee's tenure.