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Simple Machines:
Characteristics and Uses
A simple machine is a tool that helps us do work easier. Instead of
using a lot of force, simple machines help us use less force and save
energy.
The Lever
• It’s a long bar that turns around a point called a fulcrum.
• The lever helps move heavy objects with less effort
The Pulley
• It’s a wheel that helps change the direction of force.
• It allows you to lift heavy things by pulling on a rope instead of pushin
The Inclined Plane
• This is just a ramp. It helps you lift heavy things by spreading the effort out
over a longer distance. It's way easier to roll a box up a ramp than to lift it
straight up.
The Wheel and Axle
• The wheel and axle is a simple machine we use every day. It’s a wheel
attached to a rod that helps things move easily.
• The wheel spins around the axle to reduce friction and make movement
smoother.
The Screw
• The screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. It’s used to hold
things together, like when you screw in a screw to build furniture.
• It is used to fasten things together or lift objects.
The Wedge
• This is a sharp tool that helps split or cut things apart. An axe is a great
example of a wedge.
• It is used to split or cut things apart.
Quick Hunt (3 minutes)
• “Look around the classroom! Name one
item that is a simple machine or has a part
that works as a simple machine.”
F. Wedge
6.Helps rotate objects or move
them faster
C. Inclined Plane
3.Used to lift heavy loads by
pulling down on a rope
A. Lever
1.Turns rotational motion into
upward or downward movement
E. Wheel and Axle
5.Cuts, splits, or pushes material
apart
D. Screw
4.Helps move heavy objects to a
higher place with less effort
B. Pulley
2.Uses a bar and pivot to lift or
move things
F. Wedge
E 6.Helps rotate objects or move
them faster
C. Inclined Plane
B 3.Used to lift heavy loads by
pulling down on a rope
A. Lever
D 1.Turns rotational motion into
upward or downward movement
E. Wheel and Axle
F 5.Cuts, splits, or pushes
material apart
D. Screw
C 4.Helps move heavy objects to
a higher place with less effort
B. Pulley
A 2.Uses a bar and pivot to lift or
move things