HPV (human papillomavirus) is extremely common, with 80% of sexually active people contracting a strain at some point. It causes various cancers and genital warts. While most HPV infections clear on their own, persistent infections increase cancer risk. Vaccines target high-risk HPV strains responsible for 70% of cervical cancers. They provide sustained, high-level immunity for at least 4.5 years with minimal side effects. Screening and vaccination can significantly reduce HPV-related cancers globally.
HPV Vaccination, Cerviocal Cancer : Do we need it
for Prevention of cervical cancer &
other HPV related diseasesm,
Presentation Outlines
Cervical cancer disease burden
Prevention with HPV vaccination
Vaccination of sexually active women
Opportunity of Postpartum HPV vaccination
Importance of genital warts prevention
Real world effectiveness data
Safety of HPV vaccine
HPV Vaccination, Cerviocal Cancer : Do we need it
for Prevention of cervical cancer &
other HPV related diseasesm,
Presentation Outlines
Cervical cancer disease burden
Prevention with HPV vaccination
Vaccination of sexually active women
Opportunity of Postpartum HPV vaccination
Importance of genital warts prevention
Real world effectiveness data
Safety of HPV vaccine
Recurrent pregnancy loss is a significant redroductive medical problem, influencing 2%–5% of couples. ... Throughout the years, proof based medications, for example, surgical correction of uterine abnormalities or asprin and heparin for antiphospholipid syndrome have improved the results for couples with repetitive pregnancy loss.
UPDATE HPV Vaccination IN Cervical Cancer Prevention Dr Sharda Jain Lifecare Centre
Cervical Cancer In India: A Preventable Tragedy That Requires Urgent Attention
It is estimated that in India, about 160 million women aged 30-59 years are at risk of developing cervical cancer, with fatality rate of 50 per cent
On 4 March 2022, International Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Day, the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) supports the International Papillomavirus Society’s (IPVS) #OneLessWorry campaign, that aims to raise awareness of the virus, and the tools to overcome it, such as screening and vaccination programmes. HPV can cause cancer and is responsible for almost half a million deaths globally each year.
#OneLessWorry #HPV #EliminateCervicalCancer #CANSACervicalCancerAwareness
Find out more:
https://cansa.org.za/cervical-cancer/
Recurrent pregnancy loss is a significant redroductive medical problem, influencing 2%–5% of couples. ... Throughout the years, proof based medications, for example, surgical correction of uterine abnormalities or asprin and heparin for antiphospholipid syndrome have improved the results for couples with repetitive pregnancy loss.
UPDATE HPV Vaccination IN Cervical Cancer Prevention Dr Sharda Jain Lifecare Centre
Cervical Cancer In India: A Preventable Tragedy That Requires Urgent Attention
It is estimated that in India, about 160 million women aged 30-59 years are at risk of developing cervical cancer, with fatality rate of 50 per cent
On 4 March 2022, International Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Day, the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) supports the International Papillomavirus Society’s (IPVS) #OneLessWorry campaign, that aims to raise awareness of the virus, and the tools to overcome it, such as screening and vaccination programmes. HPV can cause cancer and is responsible for almost half a million deaths globally each year.
#OneLessWorry #HPV #EliminateCervicalCancer #CANSACervicalCancerAwareness
Find out more:
https://cansa.org.za/cervical-cancer/
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer being the fourth most common cancer in women. 99% of all cervical cancer cases are related to genital infection with HPV. HPV Vaccines are now available and are the springboard for a change by primary prevention of this threatening situation.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva(FOP) disease is a sparse genetic disorder of exoskeleton anatomy characterized by epidemic soft tissue ossification and congenital stigmata of the frontier.
Human papiloma virus and its association to Cervical Cancer
HPV in Saudi Arabia .
Currently I am working in Arar Central Hospital, in Arar city
In Saudi Arabia.
Please do not hesitate to contact us if you require any further information.
Alsultany@hotmail.com
Cervical Cancer is common worldwide , ranking 3rd among all malignancies for women.
Second leading cause of cancer death.
Most of these cancers stem from infection with the Human Pappiloma Virus (HPV).
Cervical cancer is caused by sexually acquired infections with certain types of HPV. Two HPV types (16 and 18) cause 70% of cervical cancers and pre-cancerous cervical lesions. There is also evidence linking HPV with cancers of the anus, vulva, vagina, penis, and oropharynx
Food Safety- WHO Theme 2015 calls for a new perspective in not just knowing the nutrient content of our food but also understanding how safe (or unsafe) it is! The ppt discusses some of the common chemicals in our food
the ppt describes in detail the translational research and path of the drug from lab to bed side, CONSORT guidelines, DCGI guidelines, CTR-I, the GCP principles, medical ethics, sample size estimation for RCT, RCT designs including cross over design and factorial design, Randomized permuted blocks, blinding and matching.
The ppt highlights types of insecticide resistance, resistance towards antimalarials, rationale of National drug policy for malaria, use of GIS in epidemic predictions for kala azar, malaria, genetically modified mosquitoes and malaria vaccine
in this presentation, I've tried to compile all the details about bivariate linear regression and correlation. This presentation has all the key issues addressed, but those who want to use it have to speak more and verbally describe all the details covered according to the understanding of your audience group. Hope you find it useful
In this ppt, I have discussed some special cases when a mother may be unsure if and how to breast feed her infant. In these special conditions, what should a doctor advise
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
3. Introduction
ds- DNA virus- Papillomavirus
>100 HPV types
Needs keratinocytes- “Skin virus”
Skin or
Mucous membranes- about 40 genital HPV types
Of which, 15-18 genital types associated with cancer
8. Genital HPV is
Problem Statement
EVERYWHERE!
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an extremely common
STD, with an estimated 80 percent of sexually active
people contracting it at some point in their lives;
Incidence: 14 million new infections occur yearly.
Prevalence: About 79 million people (both men and
women) are thought to have an active HPV infection at
any given time.
SKIN contact, not body fluids
9. In India
In India, Ca Cervix is the No 1 cancer among women,
with an incidence of 27.0 per 100,000 women and an
age standardized mortality rate as high as 45.2 per
100,000 women (2008)
10. Epidemiologic Relationships of
HPV
Well Established:
Cervical Dysplasia and Cancer
Genital Warts
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
As well as:
Anogenital cancers (vulvar, penile, vaginal)
Head and Neck Cancer (esophagus, pharynx)
11. In the West, 30% of oral carcinoma is related to HPV. It
is commonly seen in ages 20- 39 years
The risk of contracting oropharayngeal cancer (cancer of
the tonsils, back of throat or base of the tongue)
heightens 3.4 times with 6 or more oral sex partners
The survival rate for those with HPV-positive head and
neck tumors is 85% in non-smoking people. The survival
rate drops down to 45-50% for smokers.
12. Global Perspective on Cervical
Cancer
2nd most common cancer in women
The cancer that kills more women on a world wide basis every
year
>250,000 women die each year world wide
One woman dies every two minutes from cervical cancer
Leading cause of death from cancer in developing countries
13. HPV Transmission
Sexual- Intercourse
•
Genital (non-penetrative), oral, digital contact (skin to skin
contact)
•
Condoms help, but not completely protective
Non-sexual
•
Mother to newborn (vertical transmission - rare)
•
Possibly via fomites (underwear, equipment)
•
Can be seen in virgins (rare)
SKIN contact, not body fluids
16. Most HPV Infections Resolve
HPV “Clearance”
•
80- 90% of infections will resolve in 2 years
•
Average duration of infection 9- 13 months
•
Unclear if virus is eradicated or latent
HPV “Persistence”
•
10- 20% of infections persist
• Major risk factor for developing cancer
•
Risk factors for persistence not well understood
* Clearance and persistence is age related
17. Age-related Trends in HPV
Infection in Women
Mean Prevalence
2.5
2
1.5
Oncogenic
Non-oncogenic
1
0.5
0
<25 25- 3534 44
45- 55- >65
54 64
Age group
18. Age Specific Rates of HPV-Related
Genital Cancers in the U.S.
20
Cervix
Vulva
15
Penis
10
Anus
Female
Vagina
5
Anus Male
Age Range in Years
85+
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
0
15-19
Incidence per 100,000
25
19. HPV During Adolescence
Risk of Genital HPV Infection from Time of First Sexual Intercourse
1
Cumulative Incidence of HPV
0.9
0.8
0.7
~50%
Cumulative
Incidence
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
Months Since First Intercourse
48
52
56
60
20. HPV in Adolescence
Of all new HPV infections, 74% occur in the 1524 year old age group
Adolescents particularly vulnerable
• Biological:
• Immune immaturity
• Large transformation zone of cervix
• Behavioral (In the West)
21. Why are Adolescent Women More
Susceptible to HPV?
Large transformation zone
22. The New ACOG Screening Guidelines
(Oct 2012)
Pap tests should begin at age 21, regardless of sexual history
Pap testing should not be done for most women more often
than every 3 years- NO traditional "annual Pap" regimen,
but those with abnormal Paps will be tested more often
(yearly)
Rather than using a Pap test alone, HPV/Pap co-testing is
now the preferred method of screening women age 30 and
over.
Such co-testing should only occur once every 5 years with
women who have normal test results
23. HPV testing should NOT be done in women under age 30 other
than as follow-up to unclear Pap test results
Cervical cancer screening can end for most women at age
65, provided she has no history of cervical pre-cancer or
cancer, and has had at least three consecutive, normal Pap tests (or
two normal HPV tests) within the last 10 years.
Women at greater risk for cervical cancer (e.g., those with a history
of cervical pre- cancer or cancer and those who are HIV-positive or
otherwise have weakened immune systems) may require screening
more frequently
24.
25. HPV VLP Vaccines
Bivalent (Cervarix) :
{0, 1, 6}
HPV 16
HPV 18
70% of Cervical Ca
ASO4 Adjuvant (MPL + Alum)
Quadrivalent (Gardasil) : HPV 16
{0, 2, 6}
HPV 18
70% of Cervical Ca
HPV 6
HPV 11
90% of Genital Warts
Aluminum as adjuvant
IM Injections at 0, 1 or 2, and 6 months
26. Vaccine Schedule
Dosing schedules with the vaccines are at 0, 1 to 2
months, and 6 months.
Minimum intervals are 4 weeks between doses 1 and
2, 12 weeks between doses 2 and 3, and 24 weeks
between the first and third doses.
It is likely that variations in scheduled doses do not
seriously impair the vaccines’ effectiveness; therefore, the
vaccine series should not be restarted if the schedule is
interrupted.
27.
28. Assembly of HPV VLPs
Structural model of papillomavirus VLP*
VLP
(~20,000 kD)
L1 Protein
(55–57 kD)
L1 Capsomere
(~280 kD)
5 x L1
VLP = Virus- like particle
72
Capsomeres
36. SPECIAL SITUATIONS
Equivocal or abnormal Pap test OK
Positive HPV test OK
Genital warts OK
Immunosuppression OK
Lactating women OK
37. Precautions and Contradictions
Moderate or severe acute illnesses: should be
deferred until after the illness improves
History of hypersensitivity or severe allergic
reaction to yeast or to any vaccine component
Pregnancy
38. Key Issues Remaining
Pap smear screening recommendations will NOT change.
Only HPV 16/18 are included in the vaccine; 13 other types
implicated in Cervical Cancer
Should older women (>26 years of age) be vaccinated?
YES, older women who are not with abnormal Pap, and not
currently HPV infected, can be vaccinated
39. HPV Among Boys
When the percentage of girls getting vaccinated are in the 30 to 40
percent range, vaccinating boys is suggested to have a substantial
enhancing impact on trying to protect those girls who are not
vaccinated.
This would provide "herd immunity." Boys don't get cervical cancer,
but they can transmit HPV. So vaccinating boys would reduce the
amount of HPV circulating in the population
The reason for moving away from the annual Pap is evidence shows little gain in testing more often, but potential harm of “over screening” such as follow-up exams (like colposcopy/biopsy) and treatment to the cervix, especially with women of child-bearing age.