This document provides an overview of cleaning techniques and hospital housekeeping. It discusses the importance of housekeeping for hygiene, aesthetics, maintenance and safety. Proper cleaning methods and the use of appropriate cleaning agents and equipment are outlined. Special considerations for hospital housekeeping are also covered, including cleaning different risk areas and ensuring infection control. The document emphasizes the need for thorough cleaning, disinfection and maintaining a clean and hygienic environment in hospitals.
Laundry services in hospitals –linen handling
During any given hospital stay, patients spend most, if not all, of their time in bed.
•That means they are surrounded all day with hospital linens.
•From their gown to their sheets and blankets patients have more contact with these items than anything else in the hospital.
•Adequatesupplyofcleanlinensufficientforcomfortandsafteyofpatientandpersonalappereance&pleasant,neatlyattiredemployeesattendingpatientsinfreshcrispuniformdomuchsellthehospitaltothepublic
•Thereforeitmakessensetoensurethattheyareproperlycleaned,driedandtransportedtoavoidcrosscontamination
Inpatient Department consists of a wards with Nursing Station,Beds, and all other facilities & services necessary for good patient care. It is one of the important aspects of hospital as every ratios and calculation for hospital planning and designing process.
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
Laundry services in hospitals –linen handling
During any given hospital stay, patients spend most, if not all, of their time in bed.
•That means they are surrounded all day with hospital linens.
•From their gown to their sheets and blankets patients have more contact with these items than anything else in the hospital.
•Adequatesupplyofcleanlinensufficientforcomfortandsafteyofpatientandpersonalappereance&pleasant,neatlyattiredemployeesattendingpatientsinfreshcrispuniformdomuchsellthehospitaltothepublic
•Thereforeitmakessensetoensurethattheyareproperlycleaned,driedandtransportedtoavoidcrosscontamination
Inpatient Department consists of a wards with Nursing Station,Beds, and all other facilities & services necessary for good patient care. It is one of the important aspects of hospital as every ratios and calculation for hospital planning and designing process.
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory.pptxMustafa Al-Ali
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory.
Mustafa al-ali, 48
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory
Safety precautions in the dental clinic and laboratory are crucial to protect both patients and dental healthcare professionals. Here are some key safety measures to consider:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Hand Hygiene
Sterilization and Disinfection
Waste Management
Radiation Safety
Emergency Preparedness
Chemical Safety
Ergonomics
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be selected based on risk assessment and tasks to be performed.
These items are designed to provide a protective barrier during dental procedures and through the sterilization process. PPE must also be considered for patients as they enter the facility and provided to administrative staff who may be screening them upon arrival.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Gown
Dental Hygiene Care Professionals (DHCP) should wear protective clothing (eg, gowns, jackets) to prevent contamination of scrubs and to protect the skin from exposure to blood and bodily fluids.
Sleeves should be long enough to protect the forearms.
Protective clothing should be changed after use or when it becomes visibly soiled by blood or other bodily fluids.
DHCP should remove protective clothing before leaving the work area.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Eyewear/Face Shields
Protective Eyewear
DHCP should wear protective eyewear with solid side shields or a face shield during procedures likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood or bodily fluids or the spatter of debris. Reusable protective eyewear should be cleaned with soap and water, and when visibly soiled, disinfected between patients.
Personal eyeglasses are not considered PPE.
Protective eyewear should be provided to patients.
Face Shields
Face shields provide full-face coverage.
Must be worn with a face mask.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Gloves
DHCP should wear gloves to prevent contamination of their hands when touching mucous membranes, blood, saliva, or other potentially infectious materials and to reduce the likelihood that microorganisms on their hands will be transmitted to patients during patient care.
Gloves should be used for one patient only and discarded appropriately after use.
Hand hygiene should be performed prior to donning gloves and immediately after glove removal.
Hand Hygiene
Hand hygiene is extremely important to prevent the spread of the SARS CoV-2 virus. It also interrupts the transmission of other viruses and bacteria, thus reducing the overall burden of disease, Dental healthcare facilities should ensure that hand hygiene supplies are readily available in every patient care location.
Pre-washing considerations
Remove jewelry, ring, watches, or bracelets
Remove artificial nails if present.
Cover skin cuts, abrasions, breaks or cracks with waterproof adhesive dressings.
Use running water; avoid dipping or washing hands in a basin of standing water
Personal Hygiene for pharma industry-Dr. A. AmsavelDr. Amsavel A
Personal hygiene
Source of Contamination and control
GMP Requirement /Guideline
Procedures & Records
Protective Clothing & gowning
Health Examination
Hand wash – How and when
Training & Practice
by Dr. A. Amsavel
How we can provide safe and clean environment to the patient in hospital by nursing staff. This slide help to nursing student for providing safe environment.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Importance of Hygiene and food safety in Fruits and Vegetable processing Ademola Adebowale
A large proportion of risk attributable to food, lies in the failure to comply with hygiene rules in production area. These rules are not set by the government but Individual or enterprises. The result; Safe Food and Good reputation!
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
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QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
2. THE ORDER OF CLEANINGA QUICK CLASS EXERCISE
Arrange the following in the right order of cleaning
Clean windows
Clean fans
Cobweb
Sweep
Dust furniture, fixtures, fittings etc
Mop
Empty trash
Ventilate the room
Close the windows
Spray Air freshener
Close the door
Knock on the door and open the door
Get the right cleaning equipment and agent
Put on Uniforms and safety wear and Check cleaning schedule
Clean, return and store cleaning equipment and agents
3. DEFINITION OF
HOUSEKEEPING
• Housekeeping is the provision of a
clean, comfortable, safe and
aesthetically appealing environment.
(RAGHUBALAN.G, &
RAGHUBALAN.S)
Housekeeping is the maintenance of a
clean, pleasant and orderly
environment which has always formed
an essential part of civilized living.
4. THE IMPORTANCE OF
HOUSEKEEPING
Housekeeping is often perceived as a
tedious job but One feels comfortable
only in the environment which is clean
and well ordered, so cleanliness is
important for the health of persons.
Cleaning is carried out for the following
reasons;
Aesthetic appeal
Hygiene
Maintenance
Safety
5. AESTHETIC APPEAL
Leave every surface clean. Ceilings,
floors, furniture, walls, windows, fixtures,
fittings etc.
Leave the area tidy and place every item
in the right place. Maintain order on table
tops, arrange books, pens and other
items, keeping symmetry in mind.
Take care of indoor plants. Water natural
plants, get rid of dead plants, clean the
pots, vases and leaves. Keep artificial
flowers and other artefacts free of dust.
Use feather dusters on paintings and
fragile decorative items.
6. HYGIENE
The process of cleaning is a hygienic
practice because it gets rid of dust, dirt
and germs.
A Housekeeper must be well
kempt(Change under garments regularly,
brush the teeth and keep the breath
fresh, wear clean and ironed uniforms,
Shave regularly, use anti-perspirants,
Keep the hair clean and tidy)
Avoid cross contamination by using
disinfectants
7. HYGIENE
The use of colour coded equipment
helps to avoid cross contamination as
well. The universal colour code is
RED- for toilets i.e Red dust cloths,
Mop buckets, Mop sticks etc.
YELLOW- for sinks, BLUE- for
furniture and GREEN for the kitchen.
Special attention should be paid to
sensitive areas such as the toilets,
bathrooms, all the areas in the
hospitals etc
8. HYGIENE
The housekeeper needs a lot of order
and presence of mind to be thorough,
fast, effective and efficient and at the
same time being cautious and
sensitive to the health of others and to
his or her health as well.
Changing hand gloves, dust cloths,
washing the hands regularly,
disinfecting cleaning equipment and
keeping them clean ensures personal
and environmental hygiene.
9. MAINTENANCE
The very act of cleaning is a routine
maintenance for that area being
cleaned as such; the housekeeper
needs to be vigilant in observing
items, equipment, appliances etc that
are out place and need repairs.
Observing is one step, the next step is
to report to the relevant/appropriate
personnel and the third step is to
follow up the repairs.
10. MAINTENANCE
The housekeeper needs to acquire
skills of simple maintenance
procedures such as driving in nails,
changing bulbs, tightening screws etc
Maintenance of the cleaning agents
and equipment is also very important.
This entails storing them properly in a
cleaning store that is airy. Other tips
will be given subsequently.
11. SAFETY
The safety of housekeepers is
important as well as the safety of
those who benefit from their services.
The use PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT is essential. Examples
of PPE are nose masks, hand gloves,
covered shoes, uniforms, goggles, ear
plugs etc
The housekeeper needs to get rid of
all hazards when cleaning to ensure
12. SAFETY
Hazards can be categorized as;
o Microbiological- Micro-organisms. They
are gotten rid of mainly through
disinfecting and sterilizing.
o Physical-Hair human/ pet, Insects and
pests, Nuts and Bolts, Drawing Pins, Soil
etc. They can be gotten rid of by
cleaning.
o Chemical- Cleaning agents. They should
be labelled, tightly closed, stored in the
right place and used according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
14. OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING
To maintain a high reputation of a
government hospital
To meet the expectations of the
patients and community as a whole
To create a clean, safe, comfortable,
aesthetic and hygienic environment
To create a courteous, reliable and
congenial environment
To ensure an adequate support of
motivated Staff
15. OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING
To create and maintain a good
interdepartmental cordial relation
To ensure proper quality control of
sanitary equipment and cleaning
agents
Proper record keeping and feedback
to all concerned
Interdepartmental communication
Objectives of hospital housekeeping by
Dr N.C Das
16. COMPONENTS OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING(Dr N.C Das)
Appealing
Interior decor
and design
Proper waste
disposal
Hospital
Infection control
Pest and
Rodent
control
Sanitation and
Cleanliness
18. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
In hospitals, hygiene and cleanliness are of
particular importance in reducing the threat of
cross infection with the result that housekeeping
is highly organized.
Housekeeping extends towards the
laboratories, administrative areas, doctors’
chambers, lecture rooms, treatment rooms,
waiting areas, mortuaries, kitchens, dining
areas and high risk areas- operation theatres,
intensive care units, transplant units, premature
baby units and isolation wards. The
organizational structure of a housekeeping
department in a hospital varies according to the
type and size of the hospital.
19. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
The scope of hospital housekeeping is
enormous.
Here, control of dust and germs is so
important
that the cleaning equipment may have
features
that not to be found in other establishments,
such
as;
Electrical equipment fitted with extra filters to
reduce the risk of dust distribution.
Electrical equipment fitted with silencers to
minimize irritation to patients.
Colours used to identify equipment for
20. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
Cleaning methods may also differ slightly.
For
example;
Dusting is carried out with damp cloths
only, so that dust is better controlled.
Sweeping is carried out using mops with
heads that can be sterilized or disposed
of after each cleaning session.
The responsibilities of the hospital
housekeeping team may include;
Maintaining a high degree of cleanliness
and hygiene with a focus on health.
Ensuring safety and security
21. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
Pest control
Control over contracted cleaning agencies
Providing staff uniforms.
Laundering hospital linen, uniforms and
surgical suits.
In the wards, responsibilities also include;
Cleaning and bed making, which must be done
with the least amount of disturbance to the
patients.
Arranging flowers and delivering and collecting
the mails of patients.
Caring for clothes and personal belongings
22. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
Terminal cleaning of rooms, which
must be done soon after a patient is
discharged and before a new patient
is admitted to the room. This includes
total disinfection of the room, including
all furniture and fixtures. Linen is
subjected to a high temperature wash
which is called a TERMINAL WASH.
23. PRECAUTIONS
All employees working in high risk areas must
wear protective clothing and be gowned and mask
if required. Gowns may be of the disposable variety
or made of cotton. Once used, they should be
treated as infected items and will require specific
disinfection. Hands must be washed before
entering, cleaning and after leaving a unit to
prevent spreading of infection. Cleaning materials
and
agents must be suitably coded and after use, they
must
be disinfected or changed. Waste arising in isolation
areas must be disposed of separately and
appropriately.
Syringes and sharp articles must be disposed of
24. HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING(TRENDS)
Appealing colours of walls and
corridors
Mechanized cleaning
Elimination of unpleasant odour
Control of noise
Control of noise
Control of infection through CSSD
(Central sterilization and supply
department)
25. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGLOW RISK AREAS
Administrative areas
Waiting rooms
Non-sterile supply areas
Medical records
Central store
Engineering workshop
Library
Conference and meeting area
Staff changing facilities (Staff Lounge)
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
26. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGHIGH RISK AREAS
CSSD (Central sterilization supply
department)
Emergency department
Catering facilities (includes all kitchen
and cafeteria)
Day Surgery unit
Treatment room
Maternity ward
Pediatric Surgery ward
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
27. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGVERY HIGH RISK AREAS
Isolation room
Intensive care unit
Operating room
Neonatal care unit
Pharmacy I V preparation room
Delivery room
Immuno-compromised Patient areas
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
28. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGMODERATE RISK AREAS
Patient wards
Out-Patient department
Physiotherapy
Pharmacy
Laboratories
Mortuary
Radiology
Accommodation
Employee Health Clinic
Cardiology
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
29. ITEMS TO BE CLEANED
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
Baby baths, Cots
Bed frames
Ceilings
Urinals
Curtains
Floors
Housekeeping
Equipment
Lockers
Incubator
Mattresses, Pillows
Sinks, Wash hand
basin
Soap dispensers
Telephones
Toilets/ Bidets
Walls, Baths, Bowls
Bed pans, Wheel
chairs
Toys, switches,
sockets
Stretchers, Data
points
Furniture, Mirrors
Glasses, Fridges
Showers
Bins, Sanitary bins
30. SELECTION OF CLEANING
AGENTS
It should be ;
Mild
Of good quality
Bactericidal
Of a wide microbe spectrum
Non corrosive
Pleasant in terms of odour
31. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
Ammonia: Liquid ammonia is a
solution of ammonia gas in water, held
as ammonium hydroxide. It is a strong
alkali used for softening water,
cleaning window panes & emulsifying
grease.
Hydrochloric acid: this is corrosive &
poisonous mineral acid, used diluted
for removing stains in bathrooms.
Lemon: Lemon is used for removing
ink stains from wooden surfaces.
32. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
Linseed oil: This is obtained from
crushed seeds of the flax plant. It is a
constituent of furniture polishes & paints.
It darkens unpainted wood slightly.
Methylated spirits: This is used for
cleaning window panes & mirrors to a
shine. It is a constituent of varnishes &
lacquers.
Oxalic acid: This is an organic acid
used for the removal of stains from
fabrics & bath fittings. It is also used for
cleaning porcelain.
Turpentine: This is constituent of paints.
It is also diluents for paints & removes
33. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
Sodium Hypochlorite- Removing stains and
whitening due to bleaching action on various
types of surfaces. Acts as a disinfectant.
Vaseline: this is obtained as a residue in
petroleum distillation. It prevents rust
formation on metals, acts as a lubricant &
may be applied on leather to make it soft &
supple.
Vinegar: Chemically this is 4% acetic acid. It
is used to remove stains & tarnish from
metals such as copper. It is also effective in
removing streaks from glass surfaces such
as window panes & mirrors. 6% acetic acid
can remove hard water stains while 5%
acetic acid is suitable for making glass
cleaners with soft water, methylated spirit and
34. CLEANING AGENTS
Others are;
Water-Distilled, Hot and warm water
Carbon Tetrachloride
Soapy detergent
Synthetic detergent
Chlorine
Disinfectants-Phenols (strong),
Natural pine oil, Halogens (Chlorine
&Iodine)
38. GETTING READY TO CLEAN
First, it is important to dress appropriately.
Flat covered shoes, the hair should be
packed, make-up should be light and the
clothes should be free, airy and if possible,
get a cleaning overall (to be professional).
Carry out a tour of your cleaning area and
make a list of all the places and items to be
cleaned.
Schedule these into a cleaning Plan-Daily,
Weekly, Monthly, Fortnightly, Quarterly, Bi-
annually and Annually.
Follow the Cleaning plan strictly. This applies
for places that are cleaned on a regular basis
For one-offs/contract cleaning, it is enough to
prioritize following the terms of the contract
39. PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING
These are the basic rules to follow in any kind
of cleaning activity, whatever the nature of the
surface or the soil.
All soil should be removed without harming
the surface being cleaned or the surrounding
surfaces.
The surface should be restored to its original
state
The top-to-bottom approach should be
always used
The cleaner should start cleaning from the
farthest end of an area working towards the
exit.
40. PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING
When cleaning an area, start with the cleaner
surfaces before proceeding to clean the
heavily soiled area. As such, restrooms and
other sensitive areas should be cleaned last as
it pertains to order in cleaning areas.
Stains should be removed as soon as
possible.
Noise levels should be low.
The Housekeeper should ensure to reach
corners and edges. Search for dirt and clean
them out.
After cleaning, all equipment should be
cleaned, washed, dried and stored in
accordance with the type of equipment.
41. GETTING READY TO CLEAN
Check the schedule to see where you are
cleaning.
Check the cleaning plan to know what sort of
cleaning is to be done. For example;
Sweeping, Dusting, Mopping, Cob webbing
etc
Get all equipment and agents to the area of
cleaning.
Knock on the door, put on the lights (when
necessary), ventilate(Open the windows,
shutters etc), Empty the bin/ trash and
commence the cleaning.
Dust the area moving in a clockwise or an
anti-clockwise direction in order to avoid
missing out any item.
42. THE RIGHT ORDER OF
CLEANING
Using the principles of cleaning you have
just learnt and the tips on getting ready
to clean, re-do the class exercise on
slide 3
Remember all that is needed to clean,
the professionalism/courtesy of alerting
the recipient of your service, top-to-
bottom approach, dusting in order,
cleaning cleaner surfaces first, tidying up
the area and care of equipment.
Re-arrange the order; DUST, SWEEP,
MOP, VACUUM
43. SWEEPING, MOPPING AND
REMOVING COBWEBS Sweep away from you, the broom goes in a back
and forth movement. The housekeeper holds the
broom at the tip and pushes dirt forward focusing
on one side and later moving to the clean side to
sweep the dirty side.
Mop towards you. Hold the Mop stick firmly and
mop side-to-side making sure that dirt is not
deposited at the edges.
Use ladders to reach high places not tables,
chairs, stools etc
Clean the top and bottom of fan blades and in
the same position, using your hands, rotate the
fan slowly to get to the next blade
Use the cob web remover to reach edges of
ceilings, fixtures, shelves, behind doors, window
frames, beneath furniture etc
44. SWEEPING, MOPPING AND
REMOVING COBWEBS
Sweeping ( a daily task)/Brushing
The removal of surface dust and non- greasy soil
with brooms and a dust pan.(floors, foot-mats,
furniture, pavements etc)
Dry mopping (a daily task)
The light buffing of a floor, using a soft polishing
mop or an impregnated mop.(Wide floor space)
Cob webbing (a weekly task)
The act of removing cobweb with a cobweb
remover.(ceilings, book shelves, walls, behind
furniture)
In each of these tasks mentioned, it is
important to reach corners, edges, behind
heavy furniture, between two furniture etc
45. DUSTING(an important act of
cleaning)
Dry dusting(a daily task)
Surface dust is removed with a soft dry cloth which
is washed and dried after use.(preferably,
COTTON for furniture and LINEN for Glass,
Mirrors and Windows. (furniture, window slabs,
pelmets, switches/sockets, baseboards etc)
Damp dusting (frequency is dependent on the
item)
Removal of grease, finger marks etc., by using a
cloth wrung out in water and mild detergent, then
rinsed again and left to dry. This is done when the
surface is very dusty, oily and greasy. (windows,
fans,
nets, burglary, doors, walls, furniture, pelmets,
46. DUSTING
Dusting is done in a clockwise or anti-
clockwise direction, to avoid missing any
object/furniture.
It is important to get PROPER DUST
CLOTHS and care for them by washing them
immediately after use (if possible) and storing
them in a bag. Feather dusters can also be
used.
Dusting Glasses, Windows and Mirrors
should be done using the TOP-TO-BOTTOM
approach, either vertically or horizontally or
both.
Dust Cloths should be colour-coded to avoid
cross contamination. The international
47. VACUUMING AND MOPPING
Vacuuming is the act of using a suction
machine to suck out dust and dirt from
furniture and other surfaces. The machine
has pressure, built in as a result of electricity.
Rugs, Carpets, Window slabs, cushions and
various floors can be vacuumed. The General
procedure is to dust before vacuuming.
Wet and damp mopping is usually confined
to
floor areas directly concerned with water. It is
done
with detergent or other cleaning agents. Floor
surfaces such as; Tiles, Marbles, Terrazzo,
48. TOOLS TO HANDLE
SPILLAGE
Protective clothing- Gloves, Gowns,
Masks, Goggle, Tissue paper, Paper
towel
Forceps for removal of broken glass
and other sharp object.
Container of Sodium Hypochlorite or
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate
(NaDCC)- Haz Tabs, P resept.
Dr Anjum Hashmi
49. HOW TO CLEAN BLOOD AND
BODY FLUID SPILL
Place a wet floor signage
Put on PPE (Personal protective
equipment)
Pick up sharp objects with Forceps
Cover the area with paper
(Tissue/Towels) and pour bleach.
Allow to act for 3-5 minutes
Clean up and pour bleach again for 3-
5 minutes.
Clean up, dispose, disinfect and wash
hands and equipment used.
50. CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
The cleaning procedures of these places
depend
on their location, the materials that make up the
furniture, the traffic flow/usage, construction
etc.
Below are some general guidelines that should
help the public area attendant;
Always use and place the caution sign in
obvious places when cleaning.
Target to clean public areas when the traffic is
low if you can help it.
Place cleaning agents and equipment in
discreet areas where guests are unlikely to
51. Study the materials used for the furniture in every
area in order to know the right cleaning agents
and cleaning methods to use and adopt.
Be clean and well groomed at all times and be
courteous because you will come in contact with a
lot of guests.
When the traffic is a lot, do not clean around the
guests because you would have to ask them to lift
their legs and arms and also to change their
posture or position and this can make some
guests very displeased. Clean other areas where
there is less traffic and then return when the
guests are few.
RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S
CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
52. Clean busy areas like the front desk in
the morning and they should be cleaned
thoroughly.
Have eyes for details and try to reach
difficult areas. Clean intricate areas and
corners and avoid depositing dirt in
discreet areas where they can be easily
forgotten, pack up dirt as soon as a
place is cleaned.
Some areas will entail the use of ladders
and other equipment, safety measures
should be carried out when using these
equipment to secure the housekeeper
and the guest.
CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
53. HOUSEKEEPING IN
OFFICES
Additional housekeeping factors here,
apart from routine cleaning, include the
following;
Deep cleaning must be completed before
or after office hours
Maintenance of indoor plants and flower
arrangements must be regularly
attended to.
Disposal of confidential waste must take
place by way incineration or using a
shredder.
Apply disinfectant to telephone mouth
54. CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
The care of cleaning equipment cannot be over
emphasized because it aids durability,
appearance
and effectiveness. Cleaning equipment should
be
stored in the right places which should be well
ventilated. In matters of hygiene, they play a
major
role. For instance; if a mop stick is not properly
taken care of, moulds can grow on them and
when
they are used to clean rooms, they can pollute
the environment with foul smell and they can
also
55. CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
DRY MOPS- Combed or brushed after
use. The base cloth should be
washed, dried and replaced often
DAMP MOPS- Washed with a
synthetic detergent and water, rinsed,
and left to dry in an airy place.
BROOMS/BRUSHES/
COBWEB REMOVER-Comb after use
and store with thistles up.
56. CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
MOP BUCKETS/DUST PANS &
DUST CLOTH- Wash, rinse and dry
after use.
FURNITURE POLISH AND OTHER
CLEANING AGENTS- These should
have their caps/lids in place, tightly
closed and labelled. A cleaning store
is essential in a home/property to
store cleaning agents/tools.
57. CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
A CLEANING STORE IS ESSENTIAL FOR
DURABILITY OF THE CLEANING TOOLS, FOR
ORDER IN THE HOME, FOR SAFETY ETC. A MAKE
SHIFT STORE IS ADVISABLE ESPECIALLY WHEN A
STORE WAS NOT FACTORED INTO THE BUILDING
58. LAYING THE BED WITH THE
FIVE SHEETS
Mattress protector
Bottom sheet
Top sheet
Duvet
Duvet cover
Bed cover or decorative linen
Pillow cases
Strip the bed of all linen, fold up neatly
and place on a clean surface or into the
trolley
Straighten the mattress protector
59. LAYING THE BED WITH THE
FIVE SHEETS
Lay bottom sheet, right side up and mitre
Place top sheet, wrong side up
Put duvet into duvet cover and place four
inches from the bed board
Fold back top sheet on duvet and duvet
cover to get a folded pattern
Mitre all corners
Cover with a bed cover or place a
decorative linen at the foot of the bed
Put pillows into pillow cases and place
according to standards
60. CLEANING THE TOILET
One needs a Toilet Basket
A Mop Stick
A broom and Dust Pan
Bin Bag
The Toilet Basket will contain-
A Tooth brush
Two sponges for the Sink and the Toilet bowl
Dust Cloths for the mirrors, window, sinks
and the Toilet Bowls
A Soapy detergent, Toilet Cleaner and a
Disinfectant/ Bleach
Hand Gloves
61. CLEANING THE TOILET
Ventilate, empty the sanitary bin, clean
the mirror, carry out extra cleaning if
necessary- remove cobwebs, Clean
windows, door knobs, wipe tiles etc.
Flush toilets, apply soap and bleach.
Wash, rinse and dry the sinks
Wash the toilet from the WC down to
the toilet seat. Wash the toilet bowl
with a sponge because the toilet brush
is meant for the user not the
62. CLEANING THE TOILET
Wipe off lather with a red dust cloth
Use a damp cloth to wipe the toilet(top-to-
bottom)
Dry with a dry cloth
Flush the toilet
Leave the toilet seat closed
Replenish supplies such as toilet rolls, hand
wash, hand towels/napkins, air fresheners,
sanitary towel wraps etc
Mop the floor or clean the floor with a floor
cloth
Clean the toilet basket and all the equipment
and agents used.
63. CLEANING THE
BATHROOMS
Clean the Baths first, Wash the walls
and the floor of the Baths, Rinse
properly and dry the fixtures.(Use the
Top-To-Bottom approach)
Place the Guest Supplies according to
Standard
Clean the floor with a floor cloth or
mop stick.
64. ETHICS FOR
HOUSEKEEPERSHousekeepers are exposed to the
property of guests, important documents,
sensitive items etc, it is important that they
take care of the following ethical practices;
Do not open cabinets, wardrobes,
drawers, safety deposit boxes or any other
place containing personal items.
Do not use the personal items of guests.
Place them in safe places
Do not have unnecessary personal
dealings with guests/customers
Do not read documents, books, articles etc
of the guests.
65. ETHICS FOR
HOUSEKEEPERS
Do not pilfer
Do not leave cleaning areas insecure,
take care of keys and hand them over
to authorized persons
Be punctual
Do not lie, follow official procedures
concerning sick leaves, off days,
annual leaves etc
Avoid unreasonable short cuts in
cleaning