This document discusses rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization requirements. It identifies the most common hospital departments and divides them into sterile, semi-sterile, and non-sterile zones based on their cleaning and sterilization needs. Operating theaters require the highest level of sterilization with HEPA filters and strict cleaning protocols between cases. Intensive care units also focus on preventing device-related infections and use various sterilization methods. The document recommends training hospital staff on cleaning practices and using different cleaning methods based on the risk level of each area.

1. Rooms and Departments in hospitals and clinics and
their Sterilization
By
Krupasindhu Dinda
Product Executive
Surgiplus

2. MOST COMMON HOSPITAL DEPT.
• Accident and Emergency
• Admissions
• Anesthetics
• Burn unit
• Central Sterile Service Departments ( CSSD )
• Chaplaincy
• Coronary Care unit (CCU )
• Diagnostic Departments
• Discharge lounge
• Gatroenterology
• General Surgery
• Gynecology
• Haematology
• Intensive care Unit (ICU)
• Maternity
• Microbiology
• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Oncology
• Opthalmology
• Orthopedics
• ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat)
• Pharmacy

3. HOSPITAL STERILIZATION
• Sterilization is the complete elimination or destruction of all forms of microbial life
and is accomplished in healthcare facilities.
• We can divide the various departments of the hospital in to these three main
categories on the basis of their cleaning and sterilization.
• Non- Sterile Zone
• Semi-Sterile Zone
• Sterile Zone

4. CLEANING OF HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT
• Routine cleaning is important to ensure a clean and dust free hospital environment.
• Administrative and office areas with no patient contact require normal domestic
cleaning.
• We can put these areas into non – sterile zone.

5. SEMI-STERILE AREA
• Most patient care areas should be cleaned by wet mopping.
• The use of neutral detergent solution improves the quality of cleaning.
• The frequently touched surface should be physically cleaned with a detergent
solution followed by disinfectant.
General
Surface
Minimal
Touch
surface
Frequently
Touched
surface
Floors, Walls
Door knob, bedrails, over bed rables,
Light switches, tabletops and wall
areas around the toilet in patient’s
room.

6. QUALITY CONTROL NORMS FOR
OPERATION THEATRE ENVIRONMENT
• Modern operating theaters have conventional plenum ventilation( Particles ≥ 5µm
are removed.
• In orthopaedic and other implant surgery, laminar-flow system are used with HEPA
filters ( particle ≥0.3 µm )
• With the use of HEPA filters in Operating Theater ventilation , there is a tendency
to apply clean room technology standards used in industry for Hospital.

7. Area
of OT
Clean
Zone
Sterile
zone
Disposal
zone
Protective
zone
Patient’s waiting areas and reception
, lifts, stairs, switch room,
Pre-anesthesia room , changing
rooms , store room
Preoperating room , recovery
rooms, theater work room,
and anesthesia store room
Operating suite in particular,
scrub room, Anesthesia room,
Instruments trolley area
Dirty room, disposal corridor
and janitors corridor

8. CLEANING OF OPERATION THEATER (OT)
• Case -1 : Before start of the !st case, ( 1 hour before)
• Damp dust with detergent–disinfectant all equipment, furniture and lights
• Wipe surgical light reflector again with 70% alcohol to remove the fi lm left by the
detergent
• Case -2 : Between Cases
• Place soiled towels, drapes and gowns in a clean laundry bag and send to laundry
• Soiled instruments must be placed in disinfectant and then send to the cleaning area,
this prevents occupational hazard to the cleaner.
• Wipe all used equipment, furniture and lights
• Move operating table to one side and wet vacuum or wet mop a 3–4 feet area around the
operating site.

9. CLEANING OF OPERATION THEATER (OT)
• Case -3 :Terminal daily cleaning :
• Remove all portable equipment from the room
• Wipe windowsills, overhead lights, equipment, furniture and waste containers with a
cloth soaked in detergent disinfectant solution.
• Wet vacuum or wet mop the entire floor area
• Clean and disinfect the wheels/castors
• Restock unsterile supplies
• Check levels and dates of all sterile supplies and restock
• Clean the air-conditioning grills
• Clean scrub sinks with scouring powder
• Empty all shelves, wipe with detergent–disinfectant and dry them before replacing the
supplies.

10. INTENSIVE CARE UNITS( ICU)
In ICU patients are particularly prone to device related
infections.
They are also exposed to broad spectrum antibiotics and
are sucessptible to multi drug resistant organism.
Method used for sterilization:
1-Hydeogen peroxide vapor
2-UV light decontamination
3- Formaldehyde and kmno4 for fumigation
3- Ultramicofibres which is associated with copper based
biocide can be used for daily cleaning

11. RECOMMENDATION FOR CLEANING AND
DECONTAMINATION
• The hospital staffs should be properly trained regarding the cleaning and decontamination
practices of hospital surfaces.
• The staffs should wear personal prophylactic equipment (PPE),
• Avoid using HLD for environmental surfaces of the hospital and offices. Mopping of the
hospital surfaces should be done using detergent. Table tops and counters should also be
cleaned regularly by detergent only.
• Mopping of high-risk areas such as the intensive care units (ICUs), burn wards, transplant
units, isolation wards, operation theaters (OTs), and dialysis machines should be done using
HLD instead of detergent. Cleaning by vacuum pump and use of high-efficiency particulate
air (HEPA) filters for the exhaust are preferred in these places.

12. THANK YOU