This document discusses family violence research methodology and theories. It covers:
- The various fields that study family violence, including types of research conducted in each. Research includes surveys, clinical samples, crime statistics, and more.
- Early family violence research had shortcomings like lack of ethics, inadequate data collection, weak theory, and more. Current research uses advanced statistics but still lacks randomization, clear definitions, and cultural competence.
- Theories to explain family violence include macro theories looking at broad societal factors and micro theories examining individual factors. Macro theories consider culture, social structures, stressors, and more. Micro theories include learning, differences, systems, and multidimensional approaches.
- Family
October is time for raising domestic violence issues within our communities. It is extra special to survivors like me for people to help spread the facts about domestic violence instead of letting rumors fly around.
This document discusses domestic violence and summarizes key points from a case scenario and introduction. It describes paramedics finding an unconscious pregnant woman with a head injury who was sent to the hospital alone while her husband stayed behind. It also notes that domestic violence victims can come from all backgrounds and discusses the costs of battering for survivors, batterers, and communities.
This document discusses domestic violence, defining it as a pattern of abusive behavior used to gain power and control over an intimate partner. It can include physical, sexual, emotional, economic or psychological abuse. The document provides statistics on domestic violence victims in the US and California. It outlines the various types of abuse and discusses the health, economic, cultural and psychosocial impacts of domestic violence. It also discusses the role of public health nurses in addressing domestic violence through prevention, screening, assessment and referrals to local resources and agencies.
Domestic Violence for Health Professionals 101georgifisher
This document provides an overview of domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), populations affected, and barriers to leaving an abusive relationship. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of behaviors used to maintain power and control over an intimate partner. The types of abuse discussed include physical violence, emotional abuse, and sexual assault. Special populations at risk and statistics on abuse among various groups are also presented. Common characteristics of abusers and theories of the cycle and power/control dynamics of domestic violence are reviewed. The summary concludes with a case example highlighting the importance of screening for domestic violence in healthcare settings.
Domestic violence can take many forms including physical, sexual, verbal and emotional abuse as well as intimidation, isolation, and economic abuse. Women are much more likely to experience domestic violence than men. Children who witness domestic violence often experience anxiety, low self-esteem, depression and anger. Safety planning helps victims develop tools to confront dangerous situations and plan for leaving an abusive relationship.
Carolyn Thomas was shot in the face by her abusive ex-boyfriend, who also killed her mother. She underwent several reconstructive surgeries to repair damage to her jaw, eye socket, nose, and upper lip. Though she now must use a trachea tube and synthetic nose, Carolyn has become an advocate against domestic violence, sharing her story to educate and empower women.
Domestic Violence Warning Signs And Preventionagarmon
Domestic violence is abuse that occurs within intimate relationships and can include physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse. Warning signs of domestic violence include injuries, absence from work or activities, and low self-esteem in the victim. Emotional abuse involves behaviors like intimidation and isolation, while physical abuse includes acts that cause bodily harm. United Family Services and the National Domestic Violence Hotline are resources that can help victims of domestic violence.
October is time for raising domestic violence issues within our communities. It is extra special to survivors like me for people to help spread the facts about domestic violence instead of letting rumors fly around.
This document discusses domestic violence and summarizes key points from a case scenario and introduction. It describes paramedics finding an unconscious pregnant woman with a head injury who was sent to the hospital alone while her husband stayed behind. It also notes that domestic violence victims can come from all backgrounds and discusses the costs of battering for survivors, batterers, and communities.
This document discusses domestic violence, defining it as a pattern of abusive behavior used to gain power and control over an intimate partner. It can include physical, sexual, emotional, economic or psychological abuse. The document provides statistics on domestic violence victims in the US and California. It outlines the various types of abuse and discusses the health, economic, cultural and psychosocial impacts of domestic violence. It also discusses the role of public health nurses in addressing domestic violence through prevention, screening, assessment and referrals to local resources and agencies.
Domestic Violence for Health Professionals 101georgifisher
This document provides an overview of domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), populations affected, and barriers to leaving an abusive relationship. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of behaviors used to maintain power and control over an intimate partner. The types of abuse discussed include physical violence, emotional abuse, and sexual assault. Special populations at risk and statistics on abuse among various groups are also presented. Common characteristics of abusers and theories of the cycle and power/control dynamics of domestic violence are reviewed. The summary concludes with a case example highlighting the importance of screening for domestic violence in healthcare settings.
Domestic violence can take many forms including physical, sexual, verbal and emotional abuse as well as intimidation, isolation, and economic abuse. Women are much more likely to experience domestic violence than men. Children who witness domestic violence often experience anxiety, low self-esteem, depression and anger. Safety planning helps victims develop tools to confront dangerous situations and plan for leaving an abusive relationship.
Carolyn Thomas was shot in the face by her abusive ex-boyfriend, who also killed her mother. She underwent several reconstructive surgeries to repair damage to her jaw, eye socket, nose, and upper lip. Though she now must use a trachea tube and synthetic nose, Carolyn has become an advocate against domestic violence, sharing her story to educate and empower women.
Domestic Violence Warning Signs And Preventionagarmon
Domestic violence is abuse that occurs within intimate relationships and can include physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse. Warning signs of domestic violence include injuries, absence from work or activities, and low self-esteem in the victim. Emotional abuse involves behaviors like intimidation and isolation, while physical abuse includes acts that cause bodily harm. United Family Services and the National Domestic Violence Hotline are resources that can help victims of domestic violence.
The document provides information about domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse, and dynamics of power and control within abusive relationships. It notes that domestic violence involves a pattern of behaviors used to establish power and control over an intimate partner. Types of abuse discussed include physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse. Barriers to leaving an abusive relationship and effects on children who witness domestic violence are also summarized. Safety planning tips and local resources for victims of domestic violence are provided.
Presented at Bengkel Latihan Pengumpulan Data Kajian Postnatal Depression- Malaysia Aspire 2016, Hotel Concorde, Shah Alam, 21-24 Ogos 2016, and Bengkel Latihan Pengumpulan Data Kajian Postnatal Depression- Malaysia Aspire 2016, Hotel Klagan, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 26-29 Ogos 2016.
Heterosexism is a system that values heterosexuality over other sexual orientations. This has negative effects on the LGBT community, including institutional discrimination through policies restricting marriage, military service, and employment rights for LGBT individuals. Heterosexism also contributes to higher rates of hate crimes, depression, suicide, and substance abuse among LGBT people. While acceptance of LGBT individuals has increased over time, heterosexism remains built into social institutions and negatively impacts the lives of LGBT individuals.
This document discusses domestic violence, providing information on epidemiology, dynamics of abusive relationships, barriers to leaving, screening and treatment recommendations. It notes domestic violence is a widespread but under-recognized problem, crossing all demographics. Relationships involving abuse typically progress through cycles of tension building, violence and a honeymoon phase. Health care providers are encouraged to routinely screen for abuse and create a supportive environment, while avoiding insistence on immediately leaving the relationship and prioritizing safety planning.
This document defines and discusses different types of violence against women, including domestic violence. It notes that violence against women is any act of gender-based violence that results in physical, sexual, or psychological harm to women. The types of violence discussed include physical, sexual, and psychological violence occurring in both public and private spheres. Causes of violence against women discussed include gender inequality, discrimination, and patriarchal social structures that give men power over women. The document also outlines some of the health and socioeconomic impacts of violence against women, as well as how everyone in society must work together to prevent and respond to such violence.
The document defines and discusses various forms of domestic violence including physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, economic abuse as well as honor killings, acid attacks, dowry violence, and more. It outlines the physical, psychological, and financial effects of domestic violence on victims. It also examines the biological, psychological, social, and behavioral causes of domestic violence. Finally, it provides an overview of the key steps a woman can take to obtain a protection order from the court under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 in India.
This document discusses domestic violence and abuse. It defines domestic violence as the mistreatment or misuse of one person by another in an intimate relationship, which can include psychological, physical, and sexual abuse. Abusers seek to maintain power and control over their victims through violence and intimidation. The cycle of violence is often passed down intergenerationally. The document provides guidance for nurses on how to properly identify and respond to cases of domestic abuse in a sensitive manner while ensuring the safety of victims.
This ppt throws light on all aspects of domestic violence. It also shares a true story about a lady ho is a victim of domestic violence . I have tried to explain about domestic violence highlighting women and children and also suggested ways in which one can help a women who is the victim of domestic violence . I hope this will be helpful to the victims.
However one should know that even boys can be subjected to such violence.
This is one little step i would like to take to stop domestic violence. I hope that someday this violence stops and every lives happily together
Much has been said and written about domestic violence. Nonetheless, there are many misconception that persist and need to be addressed. Part I - What is Domestic Violence
Grace Nava is a doctoral student and an associate professor of social studies.
This document provides an overview of intersectionality. It defines intersectionality as a concept that describes how systems of oppression like racism, sexism, homophobia and transphobia intersect and cannot be examined separately. The key aspects are:
- Intersectionality considers that people have multiple identity factors like gender, race, class etc. and examines how these intersect.
- It was coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw to argue that a straight white woman and a non-heterosexual Black woman cannot have their experiences compared and feminism must consider differences.
- Intersectionality calls for recognizing privilege and considering how to accommodate those without privilege for true equality.
This document discusses different types of crime and deviance including illegal and deviant behavior. It provides examples of behaviors that are considered criminal, deviant, or both. It also discusses sociological explanations for crime, including nature vs nurture perspectives, and why some groups such as males and the poor seem to commit more crimes. White collar crime is also defined.
An honor killing or shame killing is the murder of a member of a family, due to the perpetrators' belief that the victim has brought shame or dishonor upon the family,
Honour killings continue to be practiced in modern India, both in urban and rural areas. They usually involve the murder of a female family member by male relatives, who believe the victim has brought shame upon the family due to her behavior. Common reasons include having relationships or marriages outside the caste or religion, or violating socially imposed dress codes or codes of behavior. The document discusses the prevalence of honour killings in northern India, their rarity in southern India, and recent cases that have occurred. It also outlines existing laws against honour killings and recommends further legal reforms, sensitization of society, education campaigns, and efforts to promote independent economic status of women as ways to help reduce these crimes.
Honor killings involve the killing of a family or community member who is perceived to have brought dishonor on the family. They mostly target women and girls for behaviors like refusing an arranged marriage, being sexually assaulted, seeking divorce from an abusive husband, or engaging in homosexual relationships. Honor killings are more common in northern Indian states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. They violate the law but continue due to cultural acceptance in some communities. Preventing honor killings requires changing social attitudes, enacting stronger legal consequences, and protecting at-risk individuals.
Domestic violence is on the rise among teenager couples and being less reported by young women. Bullying in school is a good indicator for later acceptance of domestic violence
Mental health stigma can be divided into two distinct types: social stigma is characterized by prejudicial attitudes and discriminating behaviour directed towards individuals with mental health problems as a result of the psychiatric label they have been given. In contrast, perceived stigma or self-stigma is the internalizing by the mental health sufferer of their perceptions of discrimination (Link, Cullen, Struening & Shrout, 1989), and perceived stigma can significantly affect feelings of shame and lead to poorer treatment outcomes (Perlick, Rosenheck, Clarkin, Sirey et al., 2001).
Honor killings involve the murder of a family or community member who is believed to have brought dishonor or shame upon the family. They date back to ancient times and occur today in some parts of the world. Reasons for honor killings include marrying outside one's caste or religion, engaging in premarital sex or homosexuality, and refusing an arranged marriage. While honor killings are illegal, perpetrators are rarely prosecuted or face only light punishment. This normalization of violence encourages continued honor killings.
The document discusses domestic violence, including its definition, types, causes, effects, statistics, prevention, and solutions. It defines domestic violence as behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other, whether married or not. The types of domestic violence include physical, emotional, isolation, intimidation, economic, and sexual abuse. Causes include environment, poor self-esteem, and drug and alcohol abuse. Effects involve low self-esteem, depression, suicide, sleep disruption, and inability to trust. Prevention involves ending the violence, reporting it, filing charges, documenting abuse, and seeking support.
This document discusses how gender affects mental health issues. It notes that gender influences many life aspects like coping strategies and resource access that can positively or negatively impact mental health. Men often externalize issues through outward behaviors instead of internal emotions and are less likely to seek help due to stigma. Women are more likely to communicate problems, seek help from social support systems, and accept mental health issues rather than viewing them as a weakness. While data shows higher reported rates of disorders in women, this may be partially because men ignore or do not report their own issues as frequently.
The document discusses violence against women in Pakistan. It begins with defining violence and violence against women. It then outlines the various forms of violence against women including physical, sexual, psychological violence and harmful traditional practices. The document provides statistics on violence against women in Pakistan from 2011-2015 showing an increase over those years. It discusses the situation province-wise and lists the key crimes against women. The document identifies gender inequality and discrimination as the root causes of violence against women and outlines some of the serious health, social and psychological effects violence has on women and children.
This document discusses theories and risk factors related to intimate partner violence (IPV). It summarizes that IPV is a problem among teens and young adults, and can stem from issues of power, control, and masculinity threats. Key risk factors include witnessing domestic violence as a child, experiencing relationship insecurity, hostility towards women, and psychological problems like anger and substance abuse. The document also evaluates programs like the Duluth Model and Men of Strength Club that aim to reduce IPV by addressing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
This document discusses several social psychological theories of aggression and debates about the links between media violence and aggression. It provides an example study from 1972 by Eron that found a positive correlation between viewing violent media and aggressive behavior. It also summarizes a 2000 study by Charlton et al. that found no evidence that violent media causes increased aggression. The document includes evaluation questions about the Charlton et al. study and discusses preparation for exam questions on explanations of aggression.
The document provides information about domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse, and dynamics of power and control within abusive relationships. It notes that domestic violence involves a pattern of behaviors used to establish power and control over an intimate partner. Types of abuse discussed include physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse. Barriers to leaving an abusive relationship and effects on children who witness domestic violence are also summarized. Safety planning tips and local resources for victims of domestic violence are provided.
Presented at Bengkel Latihan Pengumpulan Data Kajian Postnatal Depression- Malaysia Aspire 2016, Hotel Concorde, Shah Alam, 21-24 Ogos 2016, and Bengkel Latihan Pengumpulan Data Kajian Postnatal Depression- Malaysia Aspire 2016, Hotel Klagan, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 26-29 Ogos 2016.
Heterosexism is a system that values heterosexuality over other sexual orientations. This has negative effects on the LGBT community, including institutional discrimination through policies restricting marriage, military service, and employment rights for LGBT individuals. Heterosexism also contributes to higher rates of hate crimes, depression, suicide, and substance abuse among LGBT people. While acceptance of LGBT individuals has increased over time, heterosexism remains built into social institutions and negatively impacts the lives of LGBT individuals.
This document discusses domestic violence, providing information on epidemiology, dynamics of abusive relationships, barriers to leaving, screening and treatment recommendations. It notes domestic violence is a widespread but under-recognized problem, crossing all demographics. Relationships involving abuse typically progress through cycles of tension building, violence and a honeymoon phase. Health care providers are encouraged to routinely screen for abuse and create a supportive environment, while avoiding insistence on immediately leaving the relationship and prioritizing safety planning.
This document defines and discusses different types of violence against women, including domestic violence. It notes that violence against women is any act of gender-based violence that results in physical, sexual, or psychological harm to women. The types of violence discussed include physical, sexual, and psychological violence occurring in both public and private spheres. Causes of violence against women discussed include gender inequality, discrimination, and patriarchal social structures that give men power over women. The document also outlines some of the health and socioeconomic impacts of violence against women, as well as how everyone in society must work together to prevent and respond to such violence.
The document defines and discusses various forms of domestic violence including physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, economic abuse as well as honor killings, acid attacks, dowry violence, and more. It outlines the physical, psychological, and financial effects of domestic violence on victims. It also examines the biological, psychological, social, and behavioral causes of domestic violence. Finally, it provides an overview of the key steps a woman can take to obtain a protection order from the court under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 in India.
This document discusses domestic violence and abuse. It defines domestic violence as the mistreatment or misuse of one person by another in an intimate relationship, which can include psychological, physical, and sexual abuse. Abusers seek to maintain power and control over their victims through violence and intimidation. The cycle of violence is often passed down intergenerationally. The document provides guidance for nurses on how to properly identify and respond to cases of domestic abuse in a sensitive manner while ensuring the safety of victims.
This ppt throws light on all aspects of domestic violence. It also shares a true story about a lady ho is a victim of domestic violence . I have tried to explain about domestic violence highlighting women and children and also suggested ways in which one can help a women who is the victim of domestic violence . I hope this will be helpful to the victims.
However one should know that even boys can be subjected to such violence.
This is one little step i would like to take to stop domestic violence. I hope that someday this violence stops and every lives happily together
Much has been said and written about domestic violence. Nonetheless, there are many misconception that persist and need to be addressed. Part I - What is Domestic Violence
Grace Nava is a doctoral student and an associate professor of social studies.
This document provides an overview of intersectionality. It defines intersectionality as a concept that describes how systems of oppression like racism, sexism, homophobia and transphobia intersect and cannot be examined separately. The key aspects are:
- Intersectionality considers that people have multiple identity factors like gender, race, class etc. and examines how these intersect.
- It was coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw to argue that a straight white woman and a non-heterosexual Black woman cannot have their experiences compared and feminism must consider differences.
- Intersectionality calls for recognizing privilege and considering how to accommodate those without privilege for true equality.
This document discusses different types of crime and deviance including illegal and deviant behavior. It provides examples of behaviors that are considered criminal, deviant, or both. It also discusses sociological explanations for crime, including nature vs nurture perspectives, and why some groups such as males and the poor seem to commit more crimes. White collar crime is also defined.
An honor killing or shame killing is the murder of a member of a family, due to the perpetrators' belief that the victim has brought shame or dishonor upon the family,
Honour killings continue to be practiced in modern India, both in urban and rural areas. They usually involve the murder of a female family member by male relatives, who believe the victim has brought shame upon the family due to her behavior. Common reasons include having relationships or marriages outside the caste or religion, or violating socially imposed dress codes or codes of behavior. The document discusses the prevalence of honour killings in northern India, their rarity in southern India, and recent cases that have occurred. It also outlines existing laws against honour killings and recommends further legal reforms, sensitization of society, education campaigns, and efforts to promote independent economic status of women as ways to help reduce these crimes.
Honor killings involve the killing of a family or community member who is perceived to have brought dishonor on the family. They mostly target women and girls for behaviors like refusing an arranged marriage, being sexually assaulted, seeking divorce from an abusive husband, or engaging in homosexual relationships. Honor killings are more common in northern Indian states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. They violate the law but continue due to cultural acceptance in some communities. Preventing honor killings requires changing social attitudes, enacting stronger legal consequences, and protecting at-risk individuals.
Domestic violence is on the rise among teenager couples and being less reported by young women. Bullying in school is a good indicator for later acceptance of domestic violence
Mental health stigma can be divided into two distinct types: social stigma is characterized by prejudicial attitudes and discriminating behaviour directed towards individuals with mental health problems as a result of the psychiatric label they have been given. In contrast, perceived stigma or self-stigma is the internalizing by the mental health sufferer of their perceptions of discrimination (Link, Cullen, Struening & Shrout, 1989), and perceived stigma can significantly affect feelings of shame and lead to poorer treatment outcomes (Perlick, Rosenheck, Clarkin, Sirey et al., 2001).
Honor killings involve the murder of a family or community member who is believed to have brought dishonor or shame upon the family. They date back to ancient times and occur today in some parts of the world. Reasons for honor killings include marrying outside one's caste or religion, engaging in premarital sex or homosexuality, and refusing an arranged marriage. While honor killings are illegal, perpetrators are rarely prosecuted or face only light punishment. This normalization of violence encourages continued honor killings.
The document discusses domestic violence, including its definition, types, causes, effects, statistics, prevention, and solutions. It defines domestic violence as behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other, whether married or not. The types of domestic violence include physical, emotional, isolation, intimidation, economic, and sexual abuse. Causes include environment, poor self-esteem, and drug and alcohol abuse. Effects involve low self-esteem, depression, suicide, sleep disruption, and inability to trust. Prevention involves ending the violence, reporting it, filing charges, documenting abuse, and seeking support.
This document discusses how gender affects mental health issues. It notes that gender influences many life aspects like coping strategies and resource access that can positively or negatively impact mental health. Men often externalize issues through outward behaviors instead of internal emotions and are less likely to seek help due to stigma. Women are more likely to communicate problems, seek help from social support systems, and accept mental health issues rather than viewing them as a weakness. While data shows higher reported rates of disorders in women, this may be partially because men ignore or do not report their own issues as frequently.
The document discusses violence against women in Pakistan. It begins with defining violence and violence against women. It then outlines the various forms of violence against women including physical, sexual, psychological violence and harmful traditional practices. The document provides statistics on violence against women in Pakistan from 2011-2015 showing an increase over those years. It discusses the situation province-wise and lists the key crimes against women. The document identifies gender inequality and discrimination as the root causes of violence against women and outlines some of the serious health, social and psychological effects violence has on women and children.
This document discusses theories and risk factors related to intimate partner violence (IPV). It summarizes that IPV is a problem among teens and young adults, and can stem from issues of power, control, and masculinity threats. Key risk factors include witnessing domestic violence as a child, experiencing relationship insecurity, hostility towards women, and psychological problems like anger and substance abuse. The document also evaluates programs like the Duluth Model and Men of Strength Club that aim to reduce IPV by addressing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
This document discusses several social psychological theories of aggression and debates about the links between media violence and aggression. It provides an example study from 1972 by Eron that found a positive correlation between viewing violent media and aggressive behavior. It also summarizes a 2000 study by Charlton et al. that found no evidence that violent media causes increased aggression. The document includes evaluation questions about the Charlton et al. study and discusses preparation for exam questions on explanations of aggression.
This document appears to be an assignment for a psychology course on domestic violence. It includes an introduction that defines domestic violence and lists several topics that will be discussed, such as the psychiatric disorders and impact on children associated with domestic violence. The document also includes a reference page listing 12 scholarly sources on topics related to domestic violence, such as the intergenerational transmission of violence, biopsychosocial profiles of battered women, depression among couples with intimate partner violence, and interventions for domestic violence survivors.
The document discusses 10 compositional theories of still photography: 1) Rule of Thirds, 2) Leading Lines, 3) Strong Diagonal, 4) Point of View, 5) Framing, 6) Simplify, 7) Depth of Field, 8) Strong Foreground, 9) Fill the Frame, and 10) Active Space. Each theory is defined and an example photo is provided to illustrate it. The document concludes that properly applying these compositional techniques can transform a ordinary snapshot into an extraordinary photograph.
This document provides an overview of different theoretical frameworks for analyzing social problems. It discusses sociological paradigms like structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. It also covers levels of analysis from the individual to global levels. Normative approaches like the human rights, basic needs, and human development frameworks are introduced. Social constructionism and critical constructionism are summarized as perspectives that view social problems as socially defined. The role of social movements in seeking to change social structures is also outlined.
A comprehensive assessment by S.Gee of a business along with a roadmap for improvements. Primary focus: Intellectual Capital Alignment to Business Strategy. Sample Template (Vol. 1 only)
(Names are Fictitious)
Advertising photography has been used effectively since the capability to reproduce photographs at scale. The genre covers still life and fashion photography aimed at attracting viewers and communicating information. While starting in the 1850s using printed product samples, the field grew in the 1920s-1950s with black and white then color photos in magazines. Influential photographer Edward Steichen helped advance the field in the 1920s. Modern advertising photography is now mainly digital, allowing for instant review and image manipulation. Successful ads have well-lit, sharp products composed to leave space for text in an appealing style.
This document summarizes several social process theories of criminology. It discusses social learning theory, which posits that criminal behavior is learned through relationships with criminal peers. Social control theory argues that social bonds keep criminal behavior in check. Labeling theory suggests that people become criminals when labeled as such by others. The document also examines differential association theory and neutralization theory under the umbrella of social learning theory. It analyzes social control theory and the role of attachment, commitment, and beliefs. Finally, it discusses labeling theory and the consequences as well as critiques of these major social process theories of crime.
Unit 2 AS revision sociology
Education and research methods
Key concepts/ definitions
Practical and ethical issues
Sampling
Strength's and weaknesses of research methods
Theories of research
Theories and research of education
Gender, ethnicity and social class and education
Material, cultural and factors within schools affecting attainment
This presentation is an overview of multisystemic family therapy which is an approach to work with children and families where the system in which families live their lives is the target of intervention. Thus, professionals operate within the various ecologies in which families live their lives. There are multiple evaluations of this approach, and in general when implemented accurately has good outcomes.
This document provides an overview of key concepts and methods in sociological research, including culture, socialization, sampling methods, research designs, data collection techniques, and ethical considerations. It indicates that exam questions may ask about defining these terms, comparing research methods, justifying decisions, and addressing ethical issues. Examples will be related to education or families. Responses should consider how to obtain a representative sample and make generalizations, as well as how social factors impact life chances and policy.
This document discusses critical thinking skills needed for psychological research. It explains that critical thinking involves evaluating evidence from research studies by examining the methodology, relating it to major debates, considering applications to society, and connecting it to other studies and levels of analysis in psychology. Specifically, critical analysis of a study involves assessing the strengths and limitations of its methods, ethics, reliability, and validity.
Social dominance theory (SDT) was developed in 1999 by Jim Sidanius and Felicia Pratto. It is based on hierarchies that exist within societies, such as those defined by age, gender, and arbitrary beliefs. SDT looks at the four bases of gendered power - force, resource control, social obligations, and consensual ideologies - that contribute to power imbalances. SDT has been used in psychology, sociology, and public health to understand topics like women's risk for HIV, career choices, attitudes toward police, and the relationship between bullying and social networks. While critiqued as being too individualized or rational, SDT's strengths are its ability to apply to multiple scenarios and explain
This document discusses different theoretical perspectives - positivist, interpretive, socially critical, poststructuralist, and feminist - that can inform physical education research. Each perspective is defined, and its strengths and weaknesses are outlined. The document cautions that theories should be empirically grounded and connected to important issues. It concludes that using multiple perspectives can provide richer insight than a single paradigm alone. Researchers should understand the perspectives underpinning their work and how theories relate to the overall research questions.
This document discusses different theoretical perspectives (paradigms) that can inform physical education research: positivist, interpretive, socially critical, poststructuralist, and feminist. It summarizes each perspective's definition, strengths, weaknesses, and connections to other perspectives. The conclusion emphasizes that researchers should understand how their chosen paradigm relates to their research questions and the "bigger picture," and that using multiple paradigms can provide richer insights than single paradigms. Researchers are cautioned against misusing theory for self-promotion or following theoretical fads.
The document discusses research in nursing. It defines research and describes the roles of nurses in research from producer to consumer. The importance of research to the nursing profession is outlined as building nursing knowledge, validating improvements, and making healthcare more efficient. The sources and types of knowledge and reasoning in research are examined, including basic and applied research. The history of nursing research from Florence Nightingale to modern evidence-based practice is summarized.
This document discusses various theoretical perspectives on human behavior that are relevant for social work professionals. It covers key concepts from different theories like systems theory, conflict theory, rational choice theory, and psychodynamic theory. It also outlines criteria for evaluating theories and discusses how theories can be used to guide social work practice interventions. The document emphasizes that theories provide frameworks for understanding human behavior and that scientific knowledge of theories and research is an important ingredient for doing social work.
Ethical principles in research- the set of standards and principle.docxSANSKAR20
Ethical principles in research- the set of standards and principles used to determine appropriate and acceptable research conduct.
General Principles
The following General Principles are aspirational and serve as a guide for sociologists in determining ethical courses of action in various contexts. They exemplify the highest ideals of professional conduct.
Principle A: Professional Competence
Sociologists strive to maintain the highest levels of competence in their work; they recognize the limitations of their expertise; and they under take only those tasks for which they are qualified by education, training, or experience. They recognize the need for on going education in order to remain professionally competent; and they utilize the appropriate scientific, professional, technical, and administrative resources needed to ensure competence in their professional activities. They consult with other professionals when necessary for the benefit of their students, research participants, and clients.
Principle B: Integrity
Sociologists are honest, fair, and respectful of others in their professional activities in research, teaching, practice, and service. Sociologists do not knowingly act in ways that jeopardize either their own or others’ professional welfare. Sociologists conduct their affairs in ways that inspire trust and confidence; they do not knowingly make statements that are false, misleading, or deceptive.
Principle C: Professional and Scientific Responsibility
Sociologists adhere to the highest scientific and professional standards and accept responsibility for their work. Sociologists understand that they form a community and show respect for other sociologists even when they disagree on theoretical, methodological, or personal approaches to professional activities. Sociologists value the public trust in sociology and are concerned about their ethical behavior and that of other sociologists that might compromise that trust. While endeavoring always to be collegial, sociologists must never let the desire to be collegial outweigh their shared responsibility for ethical behavior. When appropriate, they consult with colleagues in order to prevent or avoid unethical conduct.
Principle D:Respect for People’s Rights, Dignity, and Diversity
Sociologists respect the rights, dignity, and worth of all people. They strive to eliminate bias in their professional activities, and they do not tolerate any forms of discrimination based on age; gender; race; ethnicity; national origin; religion; sexual orientation; disability; health conditions; or marital, domestic, or parental status. They are sensitive to cultural, individual, and role differences in serving, teaching, and studying groups of people with distinctive characteristics. In all of their workrelated activities, sociologists acknowledge the rights of others to hold values, attitudes, and opinions that differ from their own.
Principle E: Social Responsibility
Sociologists are aware of ...
The document discusses ethics, moral reasoning, and moral development. It outlines Kohlberg's stage theory of moral development which focuses on justice and rights. Gilligan critiques this as being biased towards males and proposes an alternative care-based ethic she believes is more characteristic of female moral reasoning, focusing on responsibility and relationships. However, Gilligan's theory has been criticized for lacking empirical evidence and making broad generalizations about gender differences without accounting for individual variability. While both perspectives provide insights, neither fully describes the complexity of human moral thinking.
This document provides a series of papers on principles of effective drug education in schools. It discusses creating a whole-school approach, using age-appropriate and evidence-based lessons, the responsibilities of teachers and visitors, implementing prevention strategies school-wide, the importance of life skills training programs, engaging parents, and addressing new drugs like "legal highs". The goal is to give schools and educators guidance on best practices for drug education and prevention.
MFLN Family Development VLE Session 2| From Coercion to Collaboration: Streng...MFLNFamilyDevelopmnt
VLE Session 2: This 1.5 hour webinar will explore common approaches to working with domestic violence but also introduce how they intersect with a strength-based treatment model. Presenters will provide case study examples to further highlight the techniques shared.
Day four qualitative workshop presentation Dagu Project
I apologize for interrupting, but I noticed the facilitator asked an open-ended question and the respondent provided a short yes/no answer without elaboration. It may be helpful for the facilitator to use prompts like "Can you tell me more about that?" or reflections like "It seems like there may be more to the story" to encourage the respondent to expand on their response. Open-ended questions followed by active listening and occasional prompts tend to yield richer qualitative data.
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Family Violence: Research Methodology, Assessment, and Theories
1. Module #2
Florida Atlantic University
School of Social WorkFamily Violence:
Research Methodology, Assessment, and
Theories
Dr. Whiteman
2. • Types of Research
• Research methodologies
• Theory
• Macro
• Micro
• Social Construction of Family Violence
• Next steps, research, policy, and practice
Agenda
3. Studying Family Violence
• Many fields are involved in the study of family violence
– Criminology
– Social work
– Sociology
– Psychology
– Public health
• Advocates
– Value-centered group with a political agenda
• Feminism has played a role
• Problems with divergent groups and opposing viewpoints
4. Types of Research in Family
Violence
• Sociological
– Investigate through surveys
• Social Work
– Investigate through clinical samples
• Criminological
– Investigate through large data banks of crime
statistics and through forensic samples
• Psychological and Psychiatric
– Investigate through small clinical samples and
some large surveys
5. Types of Research in
Family Violence
• Public Health and Medical
– Investigate through epidemiological studies and
prevalence and incidence statistics
• Neuroscience and Genetics
– Investigate through laboratory studies
• Legal Research
– Investigate through reviews of family violence
laws and academic literature to determine what
legal changes are needed
6. Other Types of Research in
Family Violence
• Cross-Cultural/Global Inquiry
– Studying racial and ethnic minorities,
immigrants, individuals living in rural areas,
disabled people, those assigned to military duty,
and individuals from countries around the
world
• Biobehavioral Research
– Potential combining of the medical and
psychological fields to study
7. Other Types of Research in
Family Violence
• Interdisciplinary Science
– Greater collaboration between
researchers/practitioners, agencies/practitioners, and
researchers from different disciplines
• Federal Government
– Investigation of family violence through surveillance
systems (monitoring/tracking) and data collection from
large population samples
• Youth Risk Behavior System (YBRS)
– Increased funding of research projects and expanded
collaboration
8. Early Methodologies in Family
Violence Research
• Early investigations were weak methodologically
• Shortcomings included:
– Lack of understanding in ethical principles
– Inadequate methods of obtaining data
– Underdeveloped theory
– Imprecise definitions and methods of measurement
– Faulty sampling
– Failure to use optimal comparison groups
– Overreliance on descriptive and cross-sectional investigations
– Use of univariate rather than multivariate methods
– Failure to replicate studies or integrate findings
– Insufficient adjustments for cultural and ethnic differences
9. Current Methodologies in
Family Violence Research
• Advanced statistical techniques
– Structural equation modeling
– Multivariate and univariate designs
• Issues still include:
– Lack of random assignment
– Lack of theoretical foundation
– Lack of clear definitions and constant disagreements
– Divergent samples of research participants
– Lack of comparison groups
– Difficult conducting longitudinal studies
– A lack of diversity awareness
10. Measurements in Family
Violence Research
• Sources of Data:
– Official Records
– Self-Reports
– Victimization and Perpetration Surveys
– Informant Reports
– Direct Observations
• Scales:
– Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS1)
– Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2)
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64439/table/A47350/
?report=objectonly
– Parent-Child CTS
11. Issues With Current
Measurements
• Growing recognition of psychological abuse
• Need for multiple measurements
• Lack of cultural competence in assessments
• Needs to estimate rates of family violence
• Researcher training
• Overreliance on univariate designs
• Use of case histories and qualitative studies
• Ethical issues
12. Thought Questions
1. A granting agency is offering funding for a study
of the physiological reactions of infants to parents’
quarreling.
• Researchers in which academic field(s) might
want to apply for funding? Should there be an
effort to assemble a multidisciplinary team?
• Where might the researchers locate potential
research subjects?
• What type of ethical safeguards would they need
to undertake?
• What should the research design entail?
13. Thought Questions
2. A researcher from the field of criminology is
interested in understanding how some teenage boys
manage not to become bullies even though all their
friends bully their schoolmates nearly every day.
• As the researcher, would you be most interested in
gathering data about the father’s arrest record, the
family’s socioeconomic status, or obtaining DNA
samples?
• Would you prefer to study truant boys, incarcerated
delinquents, or boys attending a medical clinic?
• What theoretical formulation would best direct your
research?
14. Thought Questions
3. A researcher desires to study elders in a nursing
home. She wants to study whether wealthier
residents get better care than poorer residents. She
needs to gain permission from the nursing home’s
director. What can she do to form a collaboration
with the director?
• Should the researcher present the director with a
completed research design? If not, why not?
• How can the researcher gain data from demented
elders? Should she use their data?
• Should she use interviews or develop a
questionnaire?
16. Theoretical Explanations of
Family Violence
• Theory – an integrated set of ideas that
explain a set of observations
– 2 approaches:
1. Macro-theory – identify the broad factors that
make families prone to violence
2. Micro-theory – identify factors that explain
violence on an individual level
17. Macro-Theory Explanations
Macro-Theory Areas of Study:
• Cultural factors
• Social-structural variables
• Structural characteristics of the
family
• Inadequacies of deterrence
• Situational impetus
• Evolutionary theory
Macro-Theory Variables:
• Approval of violence/corporal
punishment
• Patriarchy
• Socialization
• Feminist theories
• Stress-producing elements
• Unequal opportunity
• Poverty
• Deterrence theory
• punishment
18. Micro-Theory Explanations
Micro-Theory Areas of Study:
• Learning Theories
• Individual Differences Theory
• Systems Theory and
Interactional Theories
• Correlates and Single Factor
Variables
• Multidimensional Theories
Macro-Theory Variables:
• Modeling
• Classical conditioning
• Operant conditioning
• Avoidance conditioning
• Trauma theory
• Revictimization
• Psychopathology
• Trait differences
• Attachment needs and anger
• Poverty
• Drug use
19. Psychiatric Model
• Psychopathology theory: certain
individuals suffer from mental illness,
personality disorders, and other
dysfunctions that cause them to engage in
aggressive actions.
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szcsT3pO
uBw
• Substance abuse theory: drugs or alcohol
cause or contribute to family violence
20. Social-Psychological Model
• Social Learning Theory: integrates modeling
and reinforcement so that people with whom
one interacts are the reinforcers of behavior
that results in learning.
• Exchange Theory: family violence is based
on a determination of cost and rewards.
Gelles suggests “people hit family members
because they can”.
– Criminal sanctions have been the exception
rather than the rule.
21. Social-Psychological Model
• Frustration-Aggression Theory:
individuals will react aggressively when
some goal is blocked or frustrated.
• Ecological Theory: family violence
occurs when the parent, child, and
family are mismatched with the
neighborhood and community. Disabled
children more at risk for abuse.
22. Sociocultural Model
• Culture of Violence Theory: violence is
unevenly distributed with our society and
that violence is more prevalent in the
lower socioeconomic sectors of society
• Social Conflict Theory: unacknowledged
alienation and shame generate violence
within the family
23. Sociocultural Model
• Resource Theory: use of violence within a
relationship depends on the resources a
family member controls
24. Group Homework
• Choose a theory that best explains family
violence and explain why and why not?
• Given what you have read what two
interventions would be most successful
working with your group/population of
interest?
25. Case Example
• 35 y/o married man repeatedly hits
wife. He loves wife and is deeply
committed to her. He is seeking help
because he is afraid of losing her. How
do we make sense of his hitting
someone he loves? Not only that, he
feels bad about it but it still keeps
happening.
26. Response
Make a written note of what first comes to
your mind in trying to make sense of this
behavior.
Which theoretical perspectives seem to be
“better” ways of understanding this puzzling
behavior?
28. Discovering Family Violence:
From Social Condition to Social Problem
• Social Constructionist Perspective:
– Social problems “discovered” through process of
social reaction and definition
– Claimsmakers: ind./group concerned about
“unacceptable” condition raises awareness
– Those who win a debate about a social issue, define
the problem
29. Benefits of Social Constructionist
Agenda
• Provides a theoretical framework for
understanding family violence.
• Generates numerous research questions
that require investigation.
• Illustrates the use of research in ongoing
debates about family violence.
• Helps to explain cross-cultural variations in
definitions of family violence.
30. Historical Context:
Discovering Child Maltreatment
• In previous times children thought of as small and
inadequate versions of adults
• Children as women did not have “rights” or legal
protections
• Children considered property
– http://youtu.be/iBN9T18QSCI
31. Child Victimization
• Factors contributing to society’s lack of
recognition of physical child abuse:
– Political powerlessness
– The belief that children were small versions of
parents
– Historically children have been regarded as property
of parents
– Children considered economic drain on the family
32. Historical Context:
Discovering Child Maltreatment
• First child abuse court case (Mary Ellen
Wilson, 8 yrs. old) was resolved uner the
Prevention to Cruelty to Animals.
• 1946: Dr. Caffey reported children with
long bone fractures and injuries were a
result of trauma.
• 1961: Dr. Kemp coined the phrase
“battered child syndrome”. Society
recognized parents do willfully abuse
33. Excerpt from the Battered
Child Syndrome
The battered-child syndrome, a clinical condition in young children who
have received serious physical abuse, is a frequent cause of
permanent injury or death. The syndrome should be considered in any
child exhibiting evidence of fracture of any bone, subdural hematoma,
failure to thrive, soft tissue swellings or skin bruising, in any child who
dies suddenly, or where the degree and type of injury is at variance with
the history given regarding the occurrence of the trauma. Psychiatric
factors are probably of prime importance in the pathogenesis of the
disorder, but knowledge of these factors is limited. Physicians have a
duty and responsibility to the child to require a full evaluation of the
problem and to guarantee that no expected repetition of trauma will be
permitted to occur.
*The full recognition of child abuse as a social problem occurred
when doctors described the battered child syndrome.
34. Discovery of Child Abuse
• 1974: Passage of the Child Abuse
Prevention Act.
– Federal funding to states to combat abuse in
it various forms.
35. Types of Child Maltreatment
• Physical abuse
• Neglect
• Psychological abuse
• Sexual abuse
• Children who witness violence
• Sibling abuse
• Abused and abusive adolescents
36. Historical Context:
Discovering Intimate Partner Violence
• Historically women were chattel
– English common law: “rule of thumb” law
– Women had very few legal rights as individuals
separate from their husbands.
– Restitution for rape of a wife was paid to the husband
not the wife.
– Early marriage laws allowed a man to hit his wife to
“keep her in line.”
37. Historical Context:
Discovering Intimate Partner Violence
• Society recognized violence against women
because of the women’s movement.
– 1848: Women’s Rights Convention
• Right to vote (1920)
– 1960s and ‘70s: feminist movement
• NOW
• Chiswick Women’s Aid
• National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
– 1996: Violence Against Women Act
38. Types of Intimate Partner
Violence
• Abused/battered women
• Marital rape
• Dating violence
• Sexual assault among dating couples
• Stalking
39. Historical Context:
Discovering Elder Abuse
• 1962: Congress authorizes payments to
states for protective services
• 1974: Mandate for all states to provide
protective services
• 1978: Hearings on “parent battering”
• 1989: Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect
41. Discovery of Family Violence:
International Issues
• What are some “Customary Laws” widely
observed?
– China: infanticide
– India: dowry payments
– Afghanistan: Taliban
– Chile: “private violence”
– Russia: 14,000 intimate homicides annually
– Africa/Mideast: female genital mutilation
42. Discovery of Family Violence:
New and Emerging Issues
• What are some new and emerging issues?
• Violence between gay/lesbian partners
– Rates similar to heterosexuals
• Cross-cultural factors: Haitian, Latino
– Authoritarian parenting styles in some
cultures
– Higher levels of risk factors
– Social isolation
43. Practice, Policy, and Prevention
Issues
• Prevention (before): social and educational
– Family support/training programs
– School-based programs
– Community awareness campaigns
• Intervention (after): societal responses
– Mandatory reporting laws
– Family preservation, foster care, adoption
– Criminal justice issues
– Offender/victim treatment
– Shelters/hotlines
– Coordinated community responses